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1、猜测词义,Guessing meanings,2016.04.,Inquiry-based Activities（I） 探究活动（预习）（I）,Can you guess the correct meanings of the following words?- 1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山 B. 树枝 C. 冰河 D. 冰 2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do
2、 something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever 3. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A. 租用 B. 借出 C. 购买 D. 参观,C,A,B,4. The official asked the man what his occupation was.
3、 The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady. A. 爱猫的 B. 古怪的 C. 闲不住 D. 动物保护主义者 6. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penu
4、ry to great wealth. A. 便士 B. 温饱 C. 非常贫困 D. 虚弱,A,B,C,7. Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. A. 活泼的 B. 好动的 C. 多嘴多舌的 D. 可爱的 8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. hous
5、e 9. This boy is not stupid, on the contrary, no one could be more intelligent. A. 勤奋的 B. 愚蠢的 C. 聪明的 D. 情报,C,C,C,10. Children are always boasting. They say things like “My Dads car is bigger than your Dads,” “My Mom is smarter than yours.” and “My family has more money than yours.”The word “boasting
6、” means _.A. 骄傲 B. 吹牛 C. 顽皮 D. 幼稚,B,词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1. The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _. 2.The word “” is most likely to mean _. 3. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. .,Lead-in(导入),1. Definition 定义法,3. Similarity 相似法,
7、2. Contrast 对比法,4. Cause and effect 因果法,5. Example 例举法,8. Common Sense 普通常识,6. Word Formation 构词法,猜测词义,7. Context 上下文,It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily.,(adj. 易碎的, 脆的),The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.,(n. 牧羊人),Skills for guessing u
8、nknown words:,技巧归纳1: Use _利用_,definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义,mean, refer to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is , that is to say, namely，be called，be identified as，to put it differently 括号,引号,破折号，定语从句.etc.,Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of
9、tender shoots(嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees.The word “pruning” means_A. Regular cutting of the plantsB. Frequent wateringC. Regular use of chemicalsD. Growing the plants high in the mountain技巧归纳 2 ：Using_ 根据_,common sense or experience普通常识和经验,技巧归纳3: 利用_ from_,2.The period of adolescence, the period
10、between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. A 少儿期 B 幼儿期 C 青春期 D 成人期,同义/同位语similarity/appositive,1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today “ocelot” means _,an endangered wild cat,The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide var
11、iety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. The underlined words used in the text refer to _.A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers,技巧归纳4: 利用_,举例 from examples,Signal words：for examp
12、le ，for instance，such as ，like，as，etc.,技巧归纳5：利用_From_,1. The snow was falling. Big flakes drifted(飘） with the wind like feathers.,2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.,雪花，雪片,爱交际的,比较或对比 comparison or contrast,Signal words: as, li
13、ke, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while,insteadect.,技巧归纳6: 利用_ From_,(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes.dis “不” + satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。,构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation,1. Is he intellig
14、ent or stupid? 2.Most women in Ghana- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved
15、.The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick,clever,技巧归纳7: 利用_ From_,同义词或反义词的关系猜词。 Synonym or Antonym.,1. I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”The word “presumptuous” is closest
16、 in meaning to “ ” .Afull of respect Brude and too confident Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet,B,技巧归纳8： 利用_ From _,原因与结果关系猜词from Cause and Result,Signal words: because, so, so thathence, thereforeAs a result, assince, for, thus,The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told
17、 him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest技巧归纳9: Use_ 利用_,worked as an engineer.,context or related information上下文的语境,Inquiry-based Activities (II) 探究活动（课堂练习） (2),Passage 1 Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarct
18、ic ice sheet and blocked their parents road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.What does the underlined word
19、 “obtain” probably mean?A. eat B. get C. sell D. buy,B,Passage 2 A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his
20、 family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _ in this text.A. honor B. endanger C. proud D. shame,D,Passage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that
21、 the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underlined word “banished” mean_. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping,B,Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1
22、a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could. What does the underlined word “tediou
23、s” probably mean?A. interesting B. tiresome C. relaxing D. challenging,B,Passage 5 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in
24、 this text.A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stop,B,Passage 6 After a four-year relationship with a major fortune 100 company beginning as a sales trainee and ending as a regional sales manager, I left the company at the height of my career. Many people were astounded that I would leave after ea
25、rning a six-figure income. And they asked why I would risk everything for a dream. The underlined word “astounded” means _.A. very sad B. very sorry C. very pleased D. greatly surprised,D,同学们在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离语境。有些常用词在特定的上下文中，或专业性文章中，具有特殊的或专门的词义。在解这类题时，必须仔细地研读划线部分的上下文，有时阅读的视线还要扩大一些。如果离开特定的语言环境来理解生词意义，必然会理解错误。,教师点评,1. Definition 定义法,3. Similarity 相似法,2. Contrast 对比法,4. Cause and effect 因果法,5. Example 例举法,8. Common Sense 普通常识,6. Word Formation 构词法,猜测词义,7. Context 上下文,Summary,Homework:运用今天所学到的解题方法，完成印发的猜测词义练习。,Thank you for listening!,