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1、defeat vt. 击败，战胜 interrupt vi. & vt. 插嘴，combine vt. & vi.组合；（使）indicate vt. 显示，表示； 象ban vt. & n. 禁止；取缔2019-2020学年高考英语一轮复习模块3.2 Language（讲）（含解析）牛津译林版熟记下列单词occupy vt. 占领；占用（时间、空间等）bark n. & vi. （狗）叫打断，暂停represent vt. 代表；展示，描绘联合distinguish vt. 区分，辨别；使具有某种特征征，暗示drag vt.（使劲地）拖，拉battle n.
2、& vi. 战斗raise vt.养育，培育；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及press vt.（ 被）压，挤，推，施加压力n.报刊；新闻界；出版社vocabulary n. 词汇mainland n. 大陆的phrase n. 词组,短语therefore adv. 因此，所以process n. 过程，进程点pure adj. 纯的, 纯净的，纯粹的gentle adj. 温柔的，平和的向custom n. 风俗. 习俗nowadays adv.现在,如今official adj. 官方的，正式servant n. 仆人high-class adj. 上层社会的accent n. 口音
3、,腔调；着重unique adj. 独特的backwards adv. 向后；向反方deed n. 行为,行动drawing n. 绘画.绘画艺术ink n. 黑水,油黑shortcoming n. 缺点. 短处eyesight n. 视力pattern n. 图案，花纹；模式，方式因此，从而character n.（ 书写或印刷）文字，符号；人物；性格thus adv.以此方式，如此；词性（词形）变化mixture n. 混合，混合体一 mix v. 混合 spelling n. 拼写spell v. 拼写distinction n. 区别，差别一 distinguish v.区别 mist
4、aken adj. 错误的；误解的fmistake v.误解 n.错误writing n. 文字；文字作品 write v. 写 appearance n.夕卜观，夕卜貌appearv.出现link-v. 似乎typewriter n.打字机 typewrite v. 打字 hunt vi. & vt.一hunter n.猎户，狩猎的人convenient adj. 方便的fconvenience n .方便 conclusion n.v.总结，归纳，推论打猎，猎杀；搜寻结论；推论一 concludepractical adj.切实可行的，实用的一 practise v .练习，实践e
5、ntire adj. 完全的，整个的一 entirely adv. 完全地，整个地embarrass v.使尴尬，使难堪一 embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，使人尴尬的f embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的，难堪的concern n.关心；忧虑 v.涉及；使担忧 concerned adj. 担心的， 关心的 f concerning prep.关于access v.进入；使用n .通道；（使用的）机会，权利一 accessible adj.可接近的， 可进入的contribution n .贡献； 促成因素；捐赠一 contribute v .贡献replace v. 替
6、换；代替，取代一 replacement n .代替，更换differ v. 相异，后区别一difference n .小同一 different adj.小同的，后区别的短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义all through history有史以来in conclusion总之be made up of/ consistof由 组成（构成）differ from和 小向be named after以 命名in that因为aside from除外over time随着时间的推移play a part in在发挥作用as a whole总的来说take control of控制in the 195
7、0s在二十世纪五十年代lead to / resultin/contribute to导致introduce sb. toreading将某人领入阅读世界make contributions to对作贝献weigh as much as 100pounds重达100磅go through hugechanges经历巨变be of practical use后实用性stand for代表work on从事含重点词汇的教材原句（划线部分）1 .【教材原句】 Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland the Angles and the
8、Saxons occupied Britain.(P22) 然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼 部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人一一占领了不列颠。2 .【教材原句】 The most important contribution was from the Normans , a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(P22)最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年打败并统治了英格兰。 Old French made contribution to Middle Engli
9、sh as well.(P23)古法语也为中古英语作出了其他贡献。3 .【教材原句】 However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as theAngles and the Saxons' Victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic. (P23) 然而，诺尔曼征服对英语的影响不 及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语。4 .【教材原句】 After the Nor
10、man Conquest , many English people worked as servants who raised animals.(P23)诺曼征服之后，很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜。(2)Therefore, the words we use for most animals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came from Old English. (P23)所以，我们现在所用的大多数表示专为 肉食而饲养的动物的单词都是从古英语来的，如 cow (母牛),sheep (羊)，pig(猪)。5 .
11、【教材原句】 King Henry W was a poet who showed great concern for language. (P29) 国王亨利七世是一位诗人，对语言特别感兴趣。6 .【教材原句】 At one time the department banned some 'borrowed words' from English , including'weekend and 'email' .(P29)这个部门一度废除了来自英语的“借用词"，包括"weekend"和"email ”。7 .【教
12、材原句】French people supported this because they wanted to keep their language pure and unique .(P29)法国人支持这一点因为他们想保持他们语言纯净和独特。8 .【教材原句】 Today, the spread of 'borrowed words' is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.(P29)现在，外来词的蔓延主要归因于因特网的便利使用
13、以及来自世界各地 的电视节目。9 .【教材原句】It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, .(P38) 只要看它们(的字形)，就可以很容易区别它们的意思。10 .【教材原句】 The whole system was not convenient for use. (P39)整个系统使用起来非常不方便。岁时，他创造出了可以11 .【教材原句 At the age of fifteen, he created a system with patterns of sixraised dots representing
14、each letter. (P39)15由6个凸点表示字母的体系。12 .【教材原句】This stands for a big smile. (P21)这代表着灿烂的笑容。13 .【教材原句】Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(P22)古英语包含他们的语言的混合体。 The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabularythese people brought toBritain.(P22)英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的语言。14 .【教材原
15、句】Aside from place names such as London, very few Celtic words becamepart of Old English. (P22)除了像伦敦这样的地名外，极少数的凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部分。15 .【教材原句】 The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objectsor deeds. (P38)汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于
16、它不使用字母，而是用汉 字表示思想、物体和行为。16 .【教材原句】However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawingsinto standard forms. (P38)不过，总的来说，汉字从图画发展成了标准形式。考点-1.对谓语动词强调的句型【教材原句】 On the other hand, the English language did borrow many words from French.(P23)另一方面，英语也确实借用了很多法语单词。考点工whUe引导的从句【教材原句】After the Norma
17、n Conquest, upper class people spoke French while common people spoke English. (P23)诺尔曼征服后，上漪社会的人讲法语而普通老百姓讲英语，3. It is certain that 句型【教材原句】 It is certain that this process will continue, and people will keepinventing new words and new ways of saying things.(P23)可以肯定的是，这一变化过程将会继续，人们将会不断地发明新的单词和新的表达方
18、式。考点4割分否定的表达形式【教材 JS句】Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. (P3 8) 并不是所有的汉字都从物体的图画演娈而来口考点-5. be of +抽象名词【教材原句】While the students found the soldier ' s idea interesting, the systemwas too difficult to be of practical use.(P39)虽然学生们发现这个士兵的主意很有趣，但这个系统太复杂没有实用性。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的 Gr
19、ammar and usage :由疑问连词引导的名词性从句和形式主语it 。一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句1 .由 what, which , who/whom whose 等连接代词和 when, where, why, how等连接副词引 导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。(1)主语从句Where we will go hasn't been decided我们要去皿 Li不泻有京下东口Why he did this is not knewn/f比仕么要j，样做;不不知命«What we need is your加Id. 一加所需要的就纪,
20、尔的帮出。(2)宾语从句He didn't know what time it was.他不知道几点了。Please tell me whose book it is.请告诉我这是谁的书 。(3)表语从句The problem is how we could make him understand it.问题是我们如何能使他明白这些。The question is where we should go.问题是我们应该去哪儿 。(4)同位语从句I have no idea where he has gone.我不知道他去了哪里 。We don't understand the p
21、roblem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题一一为什么这是最好的选择。2 .连接代词和连接副词的选择连接代词和连接副词的选择要把握住两点：(1)成分：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。(2)意义：无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。That's where the accident took place.那就是事故发生的地方 。She didn't know who/whom we were talking about.她不知道我们在谈论谁 。3 .名词性从句语序问题名词性从句总是用陈述句语序，
22、而不能使用疑问句语序，尤其是当名词性从句由“疑问词”引导时，不能受疑问句的影响而误用疑问句语序。误：The problem is how can we prevent pollution.正：The problem is how we can prevent pollution.问题是我们怎样才能制止污染。二、形式主语it在英语中，有时一个句子的主语太长会使这个句子显得笨拙且难以理解，而使这个句子变得容易理解的一个方法就是使用形式主语it。有了形式主语it ,主语就被移到句子的末尾，it被放在句子开头的位置。4. it 作形式主语置于句首代替名词性从句的结构：(l)It+be+形容词+ tha
23、t从句结构，常用于这种句型的形容词有：fbn皿tg possible, (un)likely； strange, probablej doubtful 等小 真奇怪，竟然没有人想要去那里口dut do one wants to go there.他可笛要来©It is likely that he will come.你最好先完成你的家庭作业。It is best that you finish your homework first.很难说将需要多少钱。Ifs haid to say bow much money is needed.(2)It +be +名词+ that从句结构，
24、常用于这种句型的名词及名词短语有good news ,common knowledge , an honour , a pity , a shame, no wonder , a mystery 等。 地球围着太阳转是常识。It is common knowledge that the earth turns around the sun. 真遗憾，他不能参加晚会。It is a pity that he can't attend the party.她得了第一是事实。It is a fact tha t she won the first place.(3)Et+bc + -ed分词
25、+ thal从句结构，常用于这种句型的过去分词有 血力,血心believed? leported.poinlod out ? discu3, proved、 decided 等 电众所周知，钱不会长在树上。H is known to all that money can't grow on the tree.据说他曾是一名著名的作家。It is said that he was a famous writer.据报道今天下午有暴风雨。It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon(4)It + seems/appears
26、等不及物动词+ that从句结构。看起来马上要下雨了。It seems that it is going to rain soon.看起来他们现在是处在困境中。It now appears that they are in trouble.5. it作形式主语代替不定式的结构：在很多，f#况下(尤其是作主语的不定式短语过长时)，我们常用it代替不定式放在句首,而将作主语的不定式后置，以使句子显得平衡。It+ be(或seems/feels等系动词)+形容词十不定式把这个句子怪成英语很难oIt is hard Eo translate this sentence into English.同他打
27、交道好像挺容易。It seems eagy to deal with h*nL(2)It + be +名词+不定式跟你在一起很高兴。It is a pleasure to be with you这样做是错误的。It is a mistake to do it in this way.(3)It +动词短语+不定式做完那项工作需要艰苦劳动。It needed hard work to finish the job.教育孩子需要耐心。It requires patience to teach children.【提示】用作主语的不定式，它的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也 可由介词fo
28、r或of引出。It is +形容词+ for sb.to do sth.句型中it为形式主语，动词不定式的 复合结构 for sb.to do sth.是真正的主语。使用这一句型只表明不定式行为的特点，而不表明 sb.本 身的特点。常见的止匕类形容词有 easy , difficult , hard , important , necessary , expensive , impossible 等。他一个人去不可能。It is impossible for him to go alone.对我们来说掌握一门外语是不容易的。It is not easy for us to master a f
29、oreign language.H is4-形容词+of sb.todo sth一句型中it是形式主语，动词不定式的复合结构of sb.to do sth. 是真正的主语由使用这一句型意在对亚及其所做的行为迸行评价。此类形容词有good, kind, nice, wise, wrong, cleverj brav£, honest 等口 你这样说太好了口It is kind ef.GU to say so.你犯这样的错误是愚蠢的。It is stupid of you to make such a mistake.6. 当句子的主语是 v.ing形式时，it作形式主语代替 v.ing
30、形式。有时为了避免头重脚轻的感觉，在日常英语中，特别是主语较长而宾语或表语较短时，常用 it作形式主语。跟你交谈很好。It's nice talking to you .每天锻炼是有好处的。It's good taking exercise every day.【提示】在it is no good/it is no use 之后，我们通常用动词的ing形式作句子的真正主语。It is no use explaining it to him.It is no use sending him over.It's no good talking.空谈无益。派他去没用。向他解释没有用。