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1、Unit 1 Cultural relics单元要点预览 （旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词语辨析词词形汇变化部分重点单词重点词组1. select / choose / elect / pick2. country /nation /state / land3. missing / lost / gone4. former / previous5. find / find out / discover1.value n.价值valuable adj.贵重的 ;valueless adj.无价值很有价值的的 ;没有用处的2. survivev.继survival n.存活 ;幸存 surviv
2、or n.幸存者续生存或存在3. decoratedecorationn.装decorative adj.装饰v.装饰饰; 装潢的 ;作装饰用的1. fancy adj.不寻常的 ; 精致的 ; v.想; 以为;想像2. consider vt.考虑；认为3. wonder n. 惊奇，奇迹；不知道 ( 想知道 )4. doubt n.怀疑；不确定；不信任； v. 对无把握，怀疑5. worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值; n.价值 ;用处1. in return回报 , 作为报酬2. rather than 不是别的，而是3.think highly of看重；高度评价1.
3、Frederick WilliamI ，the King Of Prussia ，could never have imaginedthat his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an重点句子amazing history2. Later，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outsideSt Peters-burg where she spent her summers重点语法限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（见语法部分）语言要点 （模块）词语辨析( 旨在提供完
4、形填空所需材料)1. select / choose / elect / pick【解释】这些动词均含有“选择”之意。select 强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。 choose 普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重被选者的优点。elect指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。pick口语用词，强调“从个人角度在众多之中进行挑选”，有时含有“任意选择”的意思。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Please _ a good book for me.2). She _ a diamond ring fro
5、m the collection.用心爱心专心13). We _ our monitor by a show of hands.4). She _ the red sweater rather than the pink one.Keys: 1). pick2). selected3). elected4). chose2. country /nation /state / land【解释】country主要是指主权的、统一的国家，往往侧重于疆土，是中性词，有时是指全国的人民， country还可指与城市相对的农村；nation也可以指国家，比state更为庄重，所以联合国用的是the Uni
6、ted Nations ，但有时侧重于指“人民，国民”，同时，nation也可以指“民族”；state是政权意义上的“国家，政府”，state还可以指“州”；land 是指国土意义上的国家，是一种文学用语，多见于诗歌中。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). After many years abroad， she wanted to return to her _.2). The President spoke on TV to the _.3). The Jewish _ is scattered around the world.4). The US is divided in
7、to 50 _.5). We returned to the _ where she was born.Keys:1). country 2). nation3). nation4). states5). land3. missing / lost / gone【解释】missing:“丢失的,缺少的” ,强调不在场lost:过去分词 ,“失去的,丧失的”gone:过去分词 ,“过去的, 不在的 , 丢了” , 常作表语和补语【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Five people were _.2). The boat and all the men were _ in th
8、e storm.3). My pain in the leg is _ now.Keys: 1). missing 2). lost3). gone4. former / previous【解释】former是 latter的反义词，对比意味强。previous指时间上、顺序上较早，或指正在谈论的某事的前一个。5. find / find out / discover【解释】find out经过努力有意去“找” ,“打听” ,“弄清楚”。find“找到, 发现” ,强调结果。discover发现本来就存在但未被人所知的事物,地方 ,思想等。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).I v
9、e _ the book I was looking for.2). Please _ what time they are coming.3). Columbus _ the New World in 1492.用心爱心专心2Keys:1). found2). find out3). discovered 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.value n.价值valuable adj.贵重的 ;很valueless adj.无价值的 ;没有用处的有价值的2. survive v.继续生存survival n.存活 ;幸存survivor n.幸存者或存在3. decorate v.装饰
10、decorationn.装饰 ;decorative adj.装饰的 ;作装饰用的装潢【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) The jawbone was our most _ discovery. (value)2) They have ordered software to the _ of 700. (value)3）He thinks our advice is _, so he wont take it. (value)4）Many strange customs have _ from earlier times. (survive)5）This ceremony is a
11、_ from pre-Christian times. (survive)6）She is the only _ in the accident. (survive)7) When will they finish the _ of the bathroom? (decorate)8) The building was _ with flags. (decorate)9).The coloured lights are very _. (decorate)Keys: 1) valuable2) value3) valueless4) survived5) survival6) survivor
12、7) decoration 8) decorated9). decorative 重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. fancy adj.不寻常的 ;精致的 ; v.想 ;以为 ;想像典例1). That's a very fancy pair of shoes!那是一双非常别致的鞋!2). I fancy (that) it's going to rain today.我看今天要下雨 重点用法 fancy that以为是fancy (sb s) doing 想像（某人）做某事fancy oneself自负；自命不凡fancy sb. to be / as想象 / 认为某
13、人会成为练习中译英1).她竟如此放肆!_2).他以为她喜欢他。_Keys: 1). Fancy her being so rude!2). He fancies she likes him.2. consider vt.考虑；认为典例1). We are considering going to Canada, ie we may go there.我们正考虑到加拿大去。用心爱心专心32). We consider this (to be) very important.我们认为这非常重要。 重点用法 consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事consider sb./sth.
14、 as / to beconsider it +形容词 + to dosth . 认为做某事是considering 考虑到练习中译英1).你是否考虑过如何到达那里?_2).他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。_Keys: 1). Have you considered how to get there?2). He will be considered a weak leader.3. wonder n.惊奇，奇迹；不知道( 想知道)典例1). They were filled with wonder at the sight.他们见此情景惊叹不已。2). I wonder who he is.
15、我不知道他究竟是谁。 重点用法 wonder + 从句“自忖，自问，不知道( 想知道) ”wonder +if从句“请问您是否”（用于礼貌地提出请求）wonder at对感到惊奇练习中译英1). 我也不知道他们能不能准时到。_2). 难怪你来晚了!_Keys: 1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time.2). No wonder you were late!4. doubt n.怀疑；不确定；不信任； v. 对无把握，怀疑典例1). He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever
16、taught.他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。2). I doubt whether he'll come.我不敢肯定他来不来。 重点用法 There is no doubt about sth./ that. 毫无疑问without doubt确定地；无疑地I don t doubt that我肯定（ =I m sure/certain that）I doubt if/whether我不确定（ =I m not sure/certain if/whether）用心爱心专心4练习中译英1).不知道那是不是他想要的。_2).那件事情没有什么可疑之处。_Keys: 1). I doubt
17、 if that was what he wanted.2). There's not much doubt about it.5. worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值; n.价值 ;用处典例1). The new car cost a lot of money, but it's certainly worth it.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱 ,但确实物有所值。2). The thieves stole 1 million worth of jewellery.窃贼偷走了价值100 万英镑的珠宝。 重点用法 be worth doing sth值得（做某事）
18、;有（做某事）的价值worth of sth用于表示数量持续时间等的名词之后，值某金额的量练习中译英1).这本书值得一读。_2).他有十英镑的汽油。_Keys: 1). The book is worth reading/It's worth reading the book.2). He has ten pounds' worth of petrol. 重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. in return回报 , 作为报酬典例What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us?我们
19、将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢? 短语归纳 in turn轮流地 , 依次 ;反过来by turns轮流地 , 时而时而练习中译英1).我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。_2).向您献花聊表谢忱。_Keys: 1). I bought him a drink in return for his help.2). These flowers are a small return for your kindness.用心爱心专心52. rather than不是别的，而是典例1). I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.我想喝冷
20、饮 ,不想喝咖啡 .2). It's management that's at fault rather than the work-force.错在资方而不在劳方. 短语归纳 would ratherdo sth thando sth 宁愿 做 ； 而 不 愿做 =preferdoing todoing )other than = except for除了；而非练习中译英1).他是跑来的而不是走来的。_2).她除了他以外没有好朋友。_Keys: 1). He ran rather than walked.2). She has no close friends other t
21、hanhim.1.think highly of = have a good opinion of看重；高度评价典例They think highly of your work abilities.他们对你的工作能力评价很高。 短语归纳 What do you think of sb./ sth.?你认为某人 / 物怎么样？thinkmuch/wellof对评价良好think nothing of对无所谓；不把当回事think badly/poorly of对评价不高think of sb./ sth. as把某人/ 物当作练习中译英1).她觉得一天走三十英里无所谓。_2). 他的作品深受评论
22、家推崇。_Keys: 1). She thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day.2). His work is highly thought of by the critics.V 重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. Frederick William I， the King Of Prussia， could never have imagined that hisGreatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history普鲁士国王胖特烈·威廉一
23、世 怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人的厚礼会有这样一段令人吃惊的历史。 解释 此句中含有“ could + have done”结构，用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等。它用在不同的句式中，表达的含义不同。用心爱心专心61) 用于疑问句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。如：Could he have been told the news?他被告知这个消息了吗?2) 用于陈述句和肯定句， 表示与过去事实相反的假设， 意为“本来能够去做却没有做”。 否定句表示对过去事实的推测。如：- I stayed at a hotel while in New York在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里。- Oh， d
24、id you? You could have stayed with Barbara是吗 ?你本来能够和巴巴拉在一起的。练习中译英1).别担心 - 他们很可能只是忘了打电话。_2).你本来至少可以寄张明信片来吧。_Keys:1). Don't worry- they could have just forgotten to phone.2). You could at least have sent a card.2. Later ，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Peters-burg where s
25、he spent her summers 后来，捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。 解释 1) 此句是一个含有关系副词引导的定语从句的主从复合句。主句中的谓语had theAmber Room moved 是 have sth done 结构，该结构中done 是过去分词作补语，意为“使某事被做”“让别人做某事”，而不是主语自己做。例如：1) I had my hair cut yesterday昨天我理发了。2)where she spent her summers 为定语从句，修饰先行词 St Petersburg ，关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语。又如：This is the place where 1 was born这是我的出生地。练习中译英1).我要去医院检查眼睛。_2).我不知道他们碰头的确切地点。_Keys:1).I ll go to the hospital to have my eyes examined (by the doctor).2). I don't know the exact place where they will meet用心爱心专心7