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1、012012.123456789 111123456789111Unit 3 Section ALanguage Focus -Words in Use1. Ern est Hemin gway's kee n in sight into his society, arde nt love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own (peculiar) characteristic of writing.2. The project is on the point of collapse, and un
2、i ess someth ing very (radical) is done to repair the damage there will be no hope for the project.3. It's not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n) (phase) when they feel ashamed of their pare nts, afraid that they might no t live up to their frien ds' sta ndards.4. It is (se nsible) for
3、 every family to make earthquake emerge ncy pla ns and know how to leave the area duri ng the chaos follow ing an earthquake.5. Econo mists are in terested in all the factors that can help to (predict) the exte nt to which a price cha nge will affect supply and dema nd in the market.6. Starting Mon
4、day, all foods (labeled) "orga nic" must be up to the strict n ati onal sta ndards that the gover nment decided to put into effect now.7. There is more to a woman than her looks, so I (resent) the fact that after a woman grows old and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.8.
5、Apart from tech no logical developme nt, the 20th cen tury (wit nessed) an eno rmous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.9. Un like the practice in Chin a, if you're at a hotel restaura nt in the Un ited States, expect a 15-20 perce nt service charge or add the (equivale nt
6、) amount yourself.10. The change in smoking habits (parallels) a change in the incidenee of lung cancer. The more people smoke, the more cha nces of occurre nee for lung can cer.Word Building chaos drama academic depress detect erode classify con fusi on cooperati on dictati on right journ alist cha
7、otic dramatic academy depressi on detecti on erosi on classificati on confuse cooperate dictate rightist journal1. One thing that helps you to liste n to your thoughts is to keep a(n) (journ al) because it helps to record various in sights you gain whe n doing daily activities.2. The country went th
8、rough a(n) (chaotic) period of social and economic transformation: a boom in banking, engineering, scientific research and political thinking.3. After the disaster many people bega n to suggest that gover nment offices that help with storm preparations (cooperate) with offices that monitor wild anim
9、als.4. Eve n though people did n't expect much, the preside nt's speech did little to preve nt the (erosi on) of people's con fide nee in the gover nment.5. New Zealand's economy has probably been going through a more (dramatic) revolution recen tly tha n that of any other Wester n c
10、oun tries.6. The Ian guage teacher gave the stude nts a short list of words that are in com mon use in theUK but would either (con fuse) or eve n offend America ns.7. My middle daughter received three scholarships to attend a summer military (academy). Later she became our city's first intern at
11、i onal foreig n-excha nge stude nt.8. Systematic sampling (系统抽样)of West German voters carried out in 1979-1980 indicated that 13 percent of all voters in the Federal Republic were (rightists) in their political views.9. People who spe nd more time on the Internet experie need more (depressi on) and
12、Ion eli ness than those who spe nd less time on the Net.10. Though he did no t (dictate) his speech to the audie nee, he went at a pace slow eno ugh for the listeners to take down a lot of what he said.11. Speaking of clone, most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor
13、that (detect ion) of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.12. The up-to-date (classification) of books in the newly-built school library helps you to find the books you want more quickly tha n before.Banked ClozeThere is a special life stage that our generation goes through. It is the (1) (
14、transition) period, duri ng which we move from tee nage to adolesce nee. We lear n who we are and what we sta nd for and what in spires us. Also, in this period we are (2) (saddled) with a lot of pressure from our pare nts who want us to make someth ing out of ourselves.My pare nts have already expr
15、essed feeli ngs of (3) (an xiety) over my future with academics and life. When I expressed to them recen tly that I would not mind graduat ing in five years in stead of four in order to study abroad to (4) (acqua in t)myself with the world, they seemed so shocked. That idea soun ded foreig n and to
16、them was (5) (equivale nt) to lack of ambiti on.Apart from that, my mother has (6) (expressed) to me that she is worried that I am not search ing for a boyfrie nd. I (7) (rese nt) this stupid idea of marrying out of college since it does not suit me one bit. Women today can get what they want out of
17、 life without a man, even children, as it becomes more (8) (acceptable) for wome n to adopt childre n.I pers on ally want to stay in school as long as I can to (9) (reinforce) my academic work, possibly complete a law degree and start a career, and then after, and only after, begin to think about (1
18、0) (shifting) to marriage. If my math is correct, that means I will be more or less "ready" for marriage at the age of 29 or 30, the age whe n my mother had me.Language Focus -Expressions in Use1. As the result of her divorce, she was obviously (saddled with) the double burde n of play ing
19、 the role of both mother and father.2. Do not be in timidated by people who think they are smarter tha n you, and don't (back off) whe n facing competiti on; inner con fide nee is importa nt.3. As our sweet childhood (gives way to) adolesce nee's temptati on of love, we begi n to lear n, as
20、adults, that most pleasures do no t last forever.4. In the econo mic recessi on, employers (resorted to) the reduct ion of costs, most particularly in wages, in order to survive in the competitive world markets.5. People from abroad can take part in the inten sified Ian guage program because schools
21、 have to (make allowa nces for) stude nts whose En glish is not their first la nguage.6. Talk ing about n egotiati ons, once an agreeme nt is made, the Chin ese sometimes (won der at) the slow pace in which Westerners impleme nt the decisi on.7. Earthquakes occur without warning; however, it is clai
22、med that some animals can feel earthquakes (prior to) occurre nces because of their highly sen sitive orga ns.8. An allowa nee can be (based upon/based on) your child's age, your own finan cial resources, the expe nses it will cover and the goals you and your child wish to accomplish.Translation
23、英译汉As an important part of the American culture value system, "individualism" is admired by most America n people. America ns view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to adva nee the happ in ess of in dividual members. In con trast to many other cultures, the primary resp on sib
24、ility of the American family member is not to advanee the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the in dividual. With freedom comes the resp on sibility to care for on eself, for it
25、 is the freedom of choice that carries with it the resp on sibility: to accept the con seque nces of the choices. Many America ns give their childre n a lot of freedom because they want them to be in depe ndent and self-relia nt. Along with the America n emphasis on in dividual freedom, the belief i
26、n equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，”个人主义”受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。与许多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们
27、能够独立和自力更生。在美国人强调个人自由的同时， 父母与孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。汉译英孝道(filial piety)是中国古代社会的基本道德规范( code of ethics)。中国人把孝视为人格 之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千 百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪(institutional etiquette )。一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是 古老的"东
28、方文明”之根本。Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chin ese society. Chin ese people con sider filial piety as the essence of a person s'integrity, family harmony, and the nation s'well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for t
29、he Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. It 吉 undoubtedly a traditionalChinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It in cludes not only cultural ideas but also in stituti onal etiquettes. Gen erally speak
30、 in g, it refers to the obligati on of childre n to their pare nts required by the society, in cludi ng respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fun dame ntal to th e ancient “ Orie ntal civilizatio nUnit 3 -Section BUnderstanding the text1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B 6 D 7 D 8 CLa
31、nguage Focus -Words in Use1. After his speech, the audienee wondered if his good intentions would become realities or whether they would be just (hollow) promises.2. Although every child is differe nt, it's com mon for childre n at this age to get a little argume ntative, (restless) and moody.3.
32、 It is by participating in these activities that students can (demonstrate) their special talents, their level of maturity and responsibility, and their leadership qualities.4. Accord ing to what we heard, she was (exiled) from her country three years ago because of her in volveme nt in the plot aga
33、 inst the gover nment.5. If you continue to feel l on ely and (miserable) , you might con sider coming to talk to some one at the Un iversity Coun seli ng Service.6. Urba n critics argue that people livi ng in the cities really enjoy all the cultural, educati on al, and (commercial) adva ntages that
34、 are available to them.7. He was a reserved man, so he usually (hesitated) before he spoke, as if he were not sure how his words would be received or remarked.8. The miners' strike in July showed how quickly workers' discontent can (erupt) and how efficie ntly they can take orga ni zed actio
35、n.9. His first-year lear ning experie nces allowed him to reflect and (refi ne) his lear ning methods and schedules and to go deeper in many ways.10. It is not economically (feasible) to design buildings in Birstol to withstand a large earthquake as the cha nces of an earthquake are very small there
36、.Language Focus -Expressions in Use1. Reas ons for cha nging careers are differe nt in n ature, but many people move because they (are tired of) their curre nt jobs and just want a cha nge.2. Just as it is easier to go dow nhill tha n to climb uphill, it is always easy to (fall in to) bad habits uni
37、 ess people have a very strong will.3. University students must (be strict with) themselves; otherwise, they will never complete their studies and get a bachelor's degree withi n four years.4. People used to think the development of electronics may (not amount to much) , but now more and more le
38、tters and docume nts travel electro ni cally.5. He was sick and got a bad headache yesterday. It was only whe n he fin ally (drifted off) to sleep that his headache eased a little bit.6. With two impressive personal stories, one featuring the author as a son, the other as a father, the author has well (b on ded with) his readers.7. The young man had to (resig n himself to) the in evitable fact that he would not be able to come back to his motherla nd aga in.8. The news report revealed that 16 US and British citizens in Kuwait were ordered to (surre nder themselves to) the Iraqi authorities.