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1、最新资料推荐完成时态瞬间动词变延续性动词规则表延续性动词与终止性动词：动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。如：learn， work， stand， lie， know， walk， keep，have，wait， watch， sing， read， sleep， live 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。如：leave， start， set out，arrive，reach，get
2、 to，begin，stop，shut，turnoff，marry，put，put on，get up， wake， fall ， join， receive， finish， end， complete， become， come， go， die， close， open， break， give， jump， buy， borrow 等。1 终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如： The plane has arrivecHS 机至 U 了。I have finished my homework. 我已完成了作业。2） 终止性动词表示的动作极其
3、短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：他死了三年了。误： He has died for three years他来这儿三个月 了。误：he has come here for three month s两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语 for three years / months连用那这两句如何译成英语呢？我们可采用下列方法：A .用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。如： He has been dead for three years He has been her
4、e for three month s将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buyhave, borrow keep, come /go /becomebe, catch /get a coldhave a cold, get to knowknow 等。b. be+名词：join the Party /Leaguebe a Party / League member go to school be a student join the armybe a soldier等。c. be+形容词 / 副词： diebe d
5、ead, leaver be away (from), put on- be on, finish /end be over, begin /startsbe on, com be here / in, fall asleepbe asleep go out be out等。d. be+介词短语：go to schooAbe in /at school, join the army be in the army等。 e.去掉短语中的短暂性动词：get to know know, come to workwork, begin to stud尸study 等。B.把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表
6、示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时。如： He died three years ago He came here three months ag oC.用“It is /has been + 一段时间+ since （一般过去时）”结构。如： It is has been three years since he die d It is has been three months since he came he reD.用“多长时间+ has passed + since （一般过去时）”结构。如： Three years has passed since he died Thre
7、e months has passed since he came he re3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已成为一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如： I haven't heard from him for twoweeks.我已两个星期没收到他的信了 .4）终止性动词的否定式同until一起连用，构成“ not. until”结构，意为“直到才”，表示这个动作直到until 所表达的时间到来时才发生。如：We won't go to visit the Great Wall until the rain stops直到雨停了我们才会去参观长城。-W
8、hen did you go to bed last night?昨晚你几点钟点上床睡觉的？ I didn't go to bed until my father got home 直到我爸爸到家我才上床睡觉。5）在while （表示“一段时间”）引导的从句中，不能用终止性动词，但 when 可以，因为when 可表示“时间的点”，也可表示“一段时间”。如： 误：While I got to the village， it was dark正： When I got to the village， it was dark6）终止性动词肯定式的完成时不能和how long 连用。如： 误
9、： How long have you borrow the book？可改用延续性动词或与when 连用的一般过去时。正： How long have you kept the book？正： When did you borrow the book？2延续性动词的用法1）延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时可以同一段时间状语连用。如：I have waited for him for nearly two hours.我等他快两个小时了。2）终止性动词不能和表一段时间的状语连用。同样，延续性动词也不能和表示短暂时间的时间点连用。如： 误： It rained at eight yeste
10、rday morning rain 为延续性动词，而ateight是表示时间点的状语，显然矛盾。如果要用延续性动词表示一瞬间的行为，可以借助come， get，begin等终止性动词来表达。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning3）在until 引导的时间状语从句中，若主句的谓语动词是持续性动词，既可以用肯定形式，也可以用否定形式，但句子含义不同。试比较：She listened to the radio until her father came bac k她一直听收音机到她父亲回来。She didn't listen to
11、 the radio until her father came back直到她父亲回来才听收音机。【强化训练】（ 1） My brother the Youth League for two yearsA has been in B has entered C has taken part in D has joined inhave you been away from home？（ I have been away from home） For five yearsA How much B What time C How long D When（ 3） The meeting for f
12、ive hoursA has finished B has ended C has been over D has stopped（ 4） When Jack arrived， he and Maryfor almost an hourA had gone B had set off C had left D had been away（ 5） The baby for eleven hoursA fell asleep B has fallen asleep C has got to sleep D has been asleep（ 6） While I Beijing ， it was r
13、aining very hardA got to B reached C arrived in D visited（ 7）How long have you ？ Since two years agoA fallen illB been ill C left home D married（ 8）What was the party like？ Wonderful It's years I enjoyed myself so muchA after B when C before D since（ 9）It is weeks since he So it is We'd better ask someone else to help u sA. fell ill B. was 川 C. is ill D. has been ill(10) I'll lend you my book , but you can only it for three days.A. borrow B. keep C. take D. got6