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1、The Object Clause,宾语从句,The object clause宾语从句定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。e.g. Could you please tell me what we need to buy?,Studying aims,1. understand the meaning of the object clause.2.grasp it and use it correctly.,宾语从句三要素：,一、引导词 二、陈述语序 三、时态呼应,一、引导词,宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：,（看从句）,从句是陈述句 (口语中常省略）,从句是一
2、般疑问句,从句是特殊疑问句,We know that we should learn from each other.,Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.,that - if/whether（是否）- wh/how(即特殊疑问词)-,Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?,If/whether（是否）的区别,一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether： 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt b
3、een decided. 在介词后：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 做主语从句(用在句首)：Whether he is right isnt important.,主语,从句是特殊疑问句, 当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致, 可简化成: 疑问词+to do.,Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？,Can you tell me how
4、 to get to the nearest post office？,填写合适的引导词,1. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 2. I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 3. I hardly understand _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 4. He asked me _told me the accide
5、nt. A whom B which C who D whose 5. He asked his friend _ to go there or not. A. if B whether C. what D. that,C,C,B,B,B,二、语序,陈述句语序即：连词主语谓语动词,陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：,He is an honest boy. We know.,We know（that）he is an honest boy.,练一练,1.This is a book.2.You like singing.3.He worked last night.4.They
6、 will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,二、语序,Does he work hard？I wonder.,I wonder if he works hard.或I wonder whether he works hard.,When did he leave？I dont know. ,I dont know when he left.,陈述句语序即：连词主语谓语动词,陈述句变为宾语从句
7、，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：,He is an honest boy. We know.,We know（that）he is an honest boy.,一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：,Whats the matter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变.,如: Could you tell me whats the matter? 可以告诉我怎么了吗?,下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。I think that he will come to China next year.I want to know if he was at home yesterda
8、y.Can you tell me where does your mother work?Do you know who can answer the question?Please tell us where is the hospital?,your mother works,the hospital is,练一练,1.Is he reading ?2.Do you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV ?5.Will they read books ?6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句
9、:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,三、时态,如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。,如：I have heard（that）he _(come) back next week.,如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。,（看主句）,注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。,如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.,We wonder when he _
10、(start) learning English.,He told me he _(can) swim.,could,started,will come,The teacher asked him what he _(do) at seven yesterday.,was doing,My friend asked me when I _ (leave) for Beijing.,would leave,或 was leaving,He told me that he _(be) to Shanghai twice.,had been,Could you tell me how he _(go
11、) to school every day?,goes,Could you tell me+宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。,e.g.,The teacher said the sun rises in the east.2. She said light travels faster than sound.3. He said the earth is round.4. She said the earth goes around the sun.5. He said three quarters of the earth is covered with the water.,时
12、态练习,1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will takeMary said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3Could you tell me whether they_ dictation(听写)today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She
13、asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveled,A,D,C,B,C,其它问题,did she,I dont think he is serious,_?,is he,I believe he can finish it on time, _?,cant he,否定的转移：,当主句的谓语动词是thi
14、nk, believe, guess, suppose等词 时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。,如： I dont think he is right. 我认为他不对。,附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：,1. 一般根据主句的谓语动词判断： 如：,She didnt say that he would come here, _?,2.当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为suppose, believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：,标点符号的确定：带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。,主句是 陈述句: . He asked me where I went j
15、ust now. 问句： ？ Do you know when hell be back?,综合练习,1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. -I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. -He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. -We
16、never know _ the old man is.-They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. -Do you know _ ? Im going to see him. -Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 5. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning.
17、A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what was the matter 6. -Where is Jack? -He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . A. that B. which C. where D. there,A,A,D,D,C,C,谁动了我的奶酪,1.我不知道飞机为什么晚点了.I didnt know_the plane_ _. 2.他问
18、我会议什么时候开始.He asked me _the meeting _ _.3.没人知道他是什么时候出生的.No one knows _he _ _.4.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大The teacher told his students the sun _ _than the moon.5.我不能肯定他来还是不来.Im not sure _ he _ _ or not.,why,was late,when,would begin,when,was born,is bigger,whether,will come,Fill in the blanks.,宾语从句三注意：,一、引导词 if/w
19、hether区别 特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+to do二、语序 what is the matter?（怎么了？）语序不变三 、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象 ,仍用一般现在时Could you tell me? 否定转移在think , believe , suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如： I dont think he has time to play with girl. 我认为他没时间和女孩玩。,Summary,Homework,Review the points of this part.,Its never too old to learn.,Goodbye!,Thanks,