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1、?A thesis submitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of master of engineering ?Design and Investigate of Machinery Part For large type PCTC School: Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering Discipline: Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering Ma
2、jor: Marine Engineering Candidate: Yang Jianhua Supervisor?: Zhang Weijing Supervisor?: Lu Changrong July?2011 ? 5000 ?IMO ? ?DESIGN AND INVESTIGATE OF MACHINERY PART FOR LARGE TYPE PCTC ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of the design and construction of domestic naval architecture, more and more s
3、hipyards have the capability to build the special ship type with high extra cost. The large type PCTC is such a special type ship will be substitute by new ships. The technical of PCTC is almost fetched in from foreign for now in-building ships and building for foreigners. The trade of car import an
4、d export is laid on the foreign ships. So it is important to investigate the key technical and design our own PCTC ships independence. It will be useful to improve the domestic shipyards and automobile industry especially for cars import and export trade. The thesis is based on the development of ca
5、r transportation market. With the design and investigation experience of 5,000 CTC, we investigate the large type PCTC. Based on the ship stability principle, ship layout principle, and finite limited element vibration analysis theory, it talks about the character of aft line and engine room arrange
6、ment, ship hull vibration control and local vibration improve, the basic reasonable schema of large type PCT has been established. This article is concerned the International Maritime Organization on the growing requirements of environmental protection, research analysis of the principle of low sulp
7、hur marine fuel oil combustion-related emissions and meet the requirements of the IMO ballast water management program, and so on. It is thefoundations of basic theory research for the key technical of machinery design for large type PCTC. KEY WORDS: RoRo ship, car deck, vibration, low sulphur disch
8、arge, ballast water treatment ?1 ? . 1 1.1? . 1 1.2? . 2 1.3? . 3 2 ? . 4 2.1? . 4 2.2? . 6 2.2.1? . 6 2.2.2? . 6 2.2.3? . 7 2.2.4? . 7 2.2.5? . 7 2.2.6? . 8 2.3? . 9 3 ? . 11 3.1? . 11 3.1.1? . 11 3.1.2? . 11 3.1.3? . 13 3.2? . 14 3.2.1? . 14 3.2.2? . 14 3.3? . 14 3.4? . 15 3.4.1? . 15 3.4.2? . 15
9、3.4.3? . 16 ?3.4.4? . 17 3.5? . 17 3.5.1? . 17 3.5.2? . 18 3.5.3? . 20 3.5.4? . 33 3.5.5? . 34 4 ? . 35 4.1? . 35 4.2? . 38 4.3? . 40 5 ? . 42 5.1? . 42 5.1.1? . 42 5.1.2? . 42 5.1.3? . 42 5.2? . 43 5.3? . 43 5.4? . 44 6 ? . 46 6.1? . 46 6.2? . 47 6.3? . 48 7 ? . 49 ? . 50? . 51 ? . 531 ?11?1.1 ?201
10、0 ? 2010 ? ? 1500 ?2015 ? 2000?2010 ? 1-7 ? 28.89? 75.33%?2010 ? 7 ? 4.65 ? 1.07 ? ? 2.55 ? 2.10 ? ? 1.61 ? 66.05%?1-7 ? 4.69 ?3.60 ?3.28 ?2.55 ? 2.09? 1.62 ?52.79%?83.75%?1.25 ? 31.19%? 56.14%?2010 ? 38.82 ? 1.7 ?144.90 ? 1.8 ?6.47 ? 3 ? 8.54 ? 2010 ? 10 ? 20%? 30%? 2002 ? ? 5 ? 9 ?2007 ? 5000? 200
11、0 ?2009 ? 5000 ?1 ?21 ? 2000 ? 6 ? ? 2000 ?1?5000 ? 5000 ? 20 ? ? ? 2000? 80000 ? 200 ? 36%? 33%? 5000 ?2000 ?1.2 ?PURE CAR/TRUCK CARRIER? PCC/PCTC? PCC ?PCTC ? 20 ? 60 ?(?)?/?1 ?3? 2000 ? 5000 ?1.3 ? 5000 ? 6700 ?1?2?3?4? IMO ?5? IMO ?42?2.1 ? 3 ?5000 ? 6700 ?1? ? 5000 ? 182.8m? 31.5m ? 32.2m? 7.70
12、m ? 8.40m? 8.75m ? 9.40m? 12.80m ? 14.95m? ? 31.80m ? 34.33m? 40,000m2? 46,156m2? 15.4%? CORONA RT-43L ? 5,000 ? 5,200 ? 4%?2? ?5000?6700? ?182.8m?199.99 m? 32.2m ? 8.40m ? 9.0m? 9.40m ?10.0m? 14.95m ? 34.33 ?36.65m? 46,156m2? 56,600m2?22.6%? ? CORONA RT-43L ? 5, 200 ? 6,700 ? ? 28.8%?3? ? 3 ? 14220
13、 KW14520 KW? 20.0kn?4? ? 3 ? 3 ?5? ? ? 1955 ? 300 ? ? 1965 ? 2000 ?1985 ? 6200 ? ? 8000 ? ? ? 228 ? 52 ? 33 ?2? ?2.2 ?2.2.1?3? 32.2 ? 200 ? 182.8 ? 199.99 ? 170.5 ? 189 ?2.2.2?6?L/B?B/d ? S ? 3 ? II ? I ? ? ? ? III ? II ? ? 17.19 ? ? 18.5 ? ? 1500?2.2.3?4? 14.95 ? ? 1.9 ? ? 4.2 ?6.8 ? ? III ? II ?2.
14、2.4?7?2.2.5? Corona-RT43L ? ? Corona-RT43L ? 300mm? 100mm? 300mm? 89? 8.28.4? 3 ? I ? 8.0? II ? 8.88? III ? 8.45?2.2.6? 20 ? 25? KM ? KM ?8?5? KM ?2.3 ? 6700 ? 6.2m ?0.895 ? 1 ? 1 ? 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 ? 5873 6439 7119 7824 8632 ? 0.241 0.243 0.242 0.244 0.245 ? 0.178 0.183 0.183 0.188 0.191 ?
15、0.999 0.999 0.998 0.996 0.994 ? 2? 0.985? 0.85MCR/1.15?9? 2 ? 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 ? 5873 6439 7119 7824 8632 ? 7854 8677 9634 10702 11908 ? rpm 101 104 107 110 114 ? MCR 10626 11739 13034 14479 16110 ? rpm 106 109 113 116 120 ? 2 ? 6.2m ?0.895 ? 3%?6? 20kn? ? MCR ?14500kW? ? 116rpm? ? 3.3m? ? 6
16、.4m? 14520kW114rpm ? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B ? 14280kW105rpm ?MAN B&W 7S60MC ?7? MAN B&W 7S60MC ?9.8m? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B ?8.251m? ? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B ? 114rpm?6.2m? MAN B&W 7S60MC ? 105rpm?6.4m? 3 ? 4 ?10? 3 ? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B ? 6.2m ? ?5.785mVs(Kn) 16 17 18 19 20 20.5 21 21.5 EHP 366
17、4 4375 534064397824 8632 9540 10549 RPM 86.16 91.44 97.51103.6110.23113.72117.36 121.14THP 3664 4375 534064397824 8632 9540 10549 ? HP(kW) 4949 5907 72378756107051185413159 14623 0.85MCR/1.15=10732 kW ? 4 ? MAN B&W 7S60MC ? 6.4m ? ?6.227mVs(Kn) 16 17 18 19 20 20.5 21 21.5 EHP 3664 4375 534064397824
18、8632 9540 10549RPM 79.41 84.28 89.8795.46101.54104.74108.08 111.54THP 3664 4375 534064397821 8629 9539 10552? HP(kW) 4846 5784 70838567104621157912850 142770.85MCR/1.15=10555 kW ? 6.4m? 20kn ? MCR ?14500kW ? 116100rpm ? 240kW? 6.2m?8? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B? 6.2m ?3 ?11 3? 5000 ? ISO6954-2000 ?3.1 ?
19、 ?9? ? ?3.1.1?3.1.2?10?11?3 ?12?3max733. 5nDWkkPda? (3.1) ? Pmax- ?kPa?ka - ? 1 ?kd - ? d/D ? 2 ?W - ?kW?n - ?r/min?D - ?m? 1 k?Fig.1 thefactor sketch of k?3 ?13? 2 kd?Fig.2 thefactor sketch of kd? d - ?m?nDWkkkFda733. 5? (3.2)?)()021. 0/12. 0()(04. 0/40. 0)(077. 0/69. 0*?kDdkDdkDdk? F - ?kN?k - ? d
20、/D ?k* - ? 2.25?3.1.3?/?/?/? H ?/? X ?12?3 ?14?3.2 ?3.2.1?13? 8%10%?10%12%14?3.2.2?15?3.3 ? ISO 6954-2000? GB/T 7452-2007? ? ?16? A ? ?B ? C ? ? 180Hz ? 5 ?3 ?15? 5?A B C mm/s2mm/s mm/s2mm/s mm/s2mm/s ? 143 4 214 6 286 8 ? 71.5 2 107 3 143 4 ?3.4 ?3.4.1?3.4.2?1? ?U ? 6.2m ? 5 ? 6 ?2? ?3 ?16? 6 ? 7 ?
21、 5 ?3? ?4? ?3.4.3?1?2? ?3 ?17?3.4.4?1? ?17?2? ?3.5 ?18?3.5.1?1? ?1)? 114 r/min ? 3.80 Hz?2)? 114 r/min ? 11.4 Hz?3)? 114 r/min ? 1.90 Hz?4)? 114 r/min ? 9.50 Hz?5)? 114 r/min ? 19.0 Hz?2? ?3 ?18111 . 1Ff? (3.3) ? f1 - ?Hz?F1 - ?Hz?3? ? 6? 7? 6? 114 r/min ?(kNm) ? 1423 *) ?H ? 832 *)? 7? 114 r/min ?(
22、kN)?(kN)? 3.06 3.06 ? 148.3 169.5 ? 106.7 122.0 ? 114 r/min ? 3.4 ?FFNNp?13 5 . (3.4)? Np ?r/min?N ?r/min?F1 ?kN?F ?kN?3.5.2? 8? 3 ?3 ?19? 8? ? (Hz)? 1 2 3 4 5 ? 2.12 2.93 3.82 4.95 6.31 ? 2.41 3.39 4.36 5.76 6.72 ? 3? ?Fig.3 the first five mode vibration3 ?20? 6RT-flex60C-B?19? 9? 9?114rpm ?(mm/s)
23、?(mm/s) ?(r/min) 114rpm ?(mm/s) ?.(mm/s) ?(r/min) ? 1.61 1.61 114.0 1.02 1.02 114.0 ? 0.73 0.73 114.0 0.56 0.56 114.0 ?3.5.3?1? ? 4 ? 5? 12 ?11 ?10 ?9 ?8 ?7 ?6 ?5 ? ?12 ?11 ?10 ?9 ?8 ?7 ?20? 6 ? 7?3 ?21? 4?Fig. 4 Finite element model of aft? 5?Fig. 5 Finite element model of fore3 ?22? 6?Fig. 6 Mixtu
24、re finite element model of aft? 7?Fig. 7 Mixture finite element model of fore ?2? ? 10? 817? 10? (Hz)? 1 2 3 ? 12.6 14.3 16.8 ? 10.9 12.6 14.3 ? 12.6 15.7 - ? 11.8 17.6 - ?3 ?23? 8? (12.6Hz) Fig. 8 The first mode vibration model of main deck plate? 9? (14.3Hz) Fig. 9 The second mode vibration model
25、of main deck plate? 10 ? (16.8Hz) Fig. 10 The third mode vibration model of main deck plate3 ?24? 11 ? (10.9Hz) Fig. 11 The first mode vibration model of upper platform plate? 12 ? (12.6Hz) Fig. 12 The second mode vibration model of upper platform plate ? 13 ? (14.3Hz) Fig. 13 The third mode vibrati
26、on model of upper platform plate 3 ?25? 14 ? (12.6Hz) Fig. 14 The first mode vibration model of lower platform plate ? 15 ? (15.7Hz) Fig. 15 The second mode vibration model of lower platform plate? 16 ? (11.8Hz) Fig. 16 The first mode vibration model of shell plate3 ?26? 17 ? (17.6Hz) Fig. 17 The se
27、cond mode vibration model of shell plate?(3.3)?3? ? 11? 18 ? 19? 11 ? (Hz)? 4.71 6.24 ? 18 ? (4.71Hz) Fig. 18 The rolling vibration model of superstructure3 ?27? 19 ? (6.24Hz) Fig. 19 The pitching vibration model of superstructure ?4? ? 0 ? 114 r/min ? 9 ? 9 ? 12 ?12 ? 20 ? 21 ? 12?3 ?28? 20 ?Fig. 2
28、0 The calculated response section of aft model ? 21 ?Fig. 21 The calculated response section of fore model 3 ?29? 12?114rpm ?(mm/s) ?(mm/s)?(r/min) 114rpm ?(mm/s) ?.(mm/s) ?(r/min) P1?12 ?L. 3.60 5.24 89.4 1.72 4.28 100.8 T. 0.73 0.87 89.4 0.36 1.10 100.8 V. 6.18 7.81 89.4 4.37 8.54 100.8 P2?L. 1.95
29、 1.95 114.0 0.52 1.95 100.8 T. 1.07 1.12 89.4 0.90 2.35 100.8 V. 5.97 7.43 89.4 4.48 7.69 100.8 P3?L. 3.16 4.24 89.4 2.03 4.77 100.8 T. 0.48 0.66 89.4 0.32 0.77 100.8 V. 6.34 8.41 89.4 4.65 9.23 100.8 P4?L. 2.95 3.98 89.4 1.98 4.42 100.8 T. 1.14 1.34 89.4 0.33 2.66 100.8 V. 6.92 8.66 89.4 4.76 8.95
30、100.8 P5?L. 4.67 4.86 89.4 2.09 5.22 100.8 T. 0.56 0.57 89.4 0.25 0.65 100.8 V. 3.48 5.02 89.4 1.48 4.43 100.8 P6?L. 1.63 1.63 114.0 1.26 2.09 100.8 T. 0.55 0.57 89.4 0.43 1.08 100.8 V. 5.79 7.80 89.4 4.47 8.50 100.8 P7?L. 0.54 1.16 89.4 0.44 2.81 100.8 T. 0.18 0.21 89.4 0.22 0.45 100.8 V. 0.79 1.70
31、 89.4 0.78 3.12 100.8 P8?L. 0.47 0.98 89.4 0.39 2.36 100.8 T. 0.16 0.19 89.4 0.20 0.42 100.8 V. 0.67 1.47 89.4 0.72 2.76 100.8 P9?12 ?L. 0.39 0.81 89.4 0.36 1.92 100.8 T. 0.21 0.29 89.4 0.38 0.67 100.8 V. 0.78 0.78 114.0 0.45 0.82 100.8 3 ?- 30- ? 12 ?114rpm ?(mm/s) ?(mm/s)?(r/min) 114rpm ?(mm/s) ?.
32、(mm/s) ?(r/min) P1?12 ?L. 2.81 4.27 107.6 3.21 4.28 108.0 T. 3.67 5.30 109.1 6.35 6.35 114.0 V. 2.41 3.49 110.4 3.75 3.75 114.0 P2?L. 2.10 3.55 107.6 2.88 3.49 113.3 T. 3.28 5.12 109.1 5.68 5.68 114.0 V. 3.26 4.72 97.7 3.69 5.85 108.0 P3?L. 3.45 5.27 107.6 4.18 4.62 113.3 T. 3.78 6.22 109.1 5.12 5.1
33、2 114.0 V. 2.70 5.87 92.2 4.70 4.70 114.0 P4?L. 2.99 4.98 107.6 3.73 4.26 113.3 T. 4.07 6.43 109.1 4.42 4.92 76.3 V. 3.84 5.90 107.6 3.31 5.46 108.0 P5?L. 2.91 5.78 107.6 3.54 4.32 113.3 T. 3.25 6.02 109.1 5.32 5.32 114.0 V. 2.92 6.05 107.6 5.44 6.04 108.0 P6?L. 2.81 5.02 107.6 4.16 4.78 113.3 T. 4.
34、98 7.11 109.1 6.57 6.57 114.0 V. 3.78 5.62 107.6 3.40 5.87 108.0 P7?L. 0.96 0.96 114.0 1.49 1.49 114.0 T. 0.44 0.57 109.1 0.33 0.58 106.4 V. 3.81 3.81 114.0 4.26 4.26 114.0 P8?L. 0.85 0.85 114.0 0.78 0.78 114.0 T. 0.41 0.53 109.1 0.25 0.38 106.4 V. 3.94 3.94 114.0 5.24 5.24 114.0 P9?12 ?L. 0.89 0.89
35、 114.0 0.69 0.69 114.0 T. 0.78 0.78 114.0 0.46 0.46 114.0 V. 2.92 2.92 114.0 3.38 3.38 114.0 3 ?- 31- ? 12 ?114rpm ?(mm/s) ?(mm/s)?(r/min) 114rpm ?(mm/s) ?.(mm/s) ?(r/min) P1?12 ?L. 3.93 4.34 107.3 4.21 5.06 108.0 T. 1.06 1.28 85.9 1.17 1.25 91.6 V. 3.07 3.89 110.4 2.39 4.58 78.5 P2?L. 3.25 3.43 107
36、.3 2.88 3.42 108.0 T. 1.23 2.39 78.0 1.05 2.59 80.4 V. 5.52 6.64 110.4 6.23 6.84 112.2 P3?L. 4.47 4.88 107.3 3.38 5.34 108.0 T. 1.42 3.46 78.0 0.90 2.90 80.4 V. 6.05 6.98 106.1 7.21 7.82 112.2 P4?L. 3.90 6.72 107.3 4.45 6.15 108.0 T. 1.96 3.63 78.0 0.75 2.96 80.4 V. 5.31 6.76 103.0 5.48 6.32 110.9 P
37、5?L. 4.92 6.29 107.3 4.62 6.93 108.0 T. 2.15 4.72 78.0 0.86 3.23 80.4 V. 5.01 5.23 103.0 4.58 4.97 110.9 P6?L. 4.20 4.45 107.3 3.47 4.69 108.0 T. 2.69 4.10 78.0 1.96 3.25 80.4 V. 6.53 6.53 114.0 7.60 7.60 114.0 P7?L. 1.23 1.23 114.0 1.64 1.64 114.0 T. 0.61 0.61 114.0 0.72 0.72 114.0 V. 1.02 1.02 114
38、.0 1.14 3.58 65.4 P8?L. 0.92 0.92 114.0 1.55 1.55 114.0 T. 0.46 0.46 114.0 0.68 0.68 114.0 V. 1.95 1.95 114.0 1.76 3.53 65.4 P9?12 ?L. 0.83 0.83 114.0 1.28 1.28 114.0 T. 0.68 0.68 114.0 0.61 0.61 114.0 V. 1.47 1.47 114.0 1.39 1.68 109.1 3 ?- 32- ? 12 ?114rpm ?(mm/s) ?(mm/s)?(r/min) 114rpm ?(mm/s) ?.
39、(mm/s) ?(r/min) P1?12 ?L. 2.05 3.11 80.4 3.05 3.35 86.4 T. 0.79 1.34 77.6 0.98 2.06 83.5 V. 2.20 3.12 77.6 2.39 3.77 83.5 P2?L. 1.51 1.87 105.9 1.52 2.23 107.2 T. 1.17 1.35 108.8 1.34 1.60 83.5 V. 3.21 4.01 77.6 3.03 4.26 83.5 P3?L. 1.74 2.08 105.9 2.11 2.36 107.2 T. 0.96 1.12 108.8 1.14 1.33 110.4
40、V. 2.53 3.24 90.2 2.47 3.10 95.4 P4?L. 1.19 1.37 105.9 1.20 1.65 107.2 T. 1.66 1.69 108.8 1.77 1.96 110.4 V. 2.28 2.86 105.9 2.42 3.08 107.2 P5?L. 1.33 1.57 105.9 1.31 1.68 107.2 T. 1.81 1.81 114.0 1.66 1.66 114.0 V. 2.50 2.69 105.9 2.39 2.97 107.2 P6?L. 2.13 2.32 108.8 2.38 2.38 114.0 T. 1.69 1.69
41、114.0 1.85 1.95 83.5 V. 3.44 5.89 80.4 4.16 6.21 86.4 P7?L. 0.88 0.88 114.0 0.95 0.95 114.0 T. 0.38 0.38 114.0 0.35 0.35 114.0 V. 0.72 0.72 114.0 0.78 0.82 101.2 P8?L. 0.83 0.83 114.0 0.81 0.81 114.0 T. 0.35 0.35 114.0 0.39 0.39 114.0 V. 1.72 1.87 90.2 1.60 1.84 93.1 P9?12 ?L. 0.77 0.77 114.0 0.73 0
42、.73 114.0 T. 0.49 0.49 114.0 0.41 0.41 114.0 V. 0.85 0.98 98.0 0.98 1.04 101.2 ?L, T ? V ?3 ?- 33- 3.5.4? ISO 6954-2000 ? GB/T 7452-2007 ? ? 9 ? 9? 12 ? 13? 13? (mm/s) ?P1?12 ? 3.55 3.89 8 ? 2.47 4.11 8 ? 3.70 3.62 8 P2? 2.68 2.72 8 ? 2.37 3.76 8 ? 5.03 5.16 8 P3? 3.85 3.70 8 ? 2.62 3.36 8 ? 5.01 5.
43、79 8 P4? 3.32 3.73 8 ? 3.07 3.06 8 ? 5.06 4.61 8 P5? 4.02 3.76 8 ? 2.72 3.56 8 ? 4.14 4.71 8 P6? 3.50 3.74 8 ? 3.71 4.48 8 ? 5.62 6.03 8 P7? 1.14 1.51 8 ? 0.53 0.54 8 ? 2.54 2.84 8 3 ?- 34- ? 13 ? (mm/s)P8? 0.97 1.20 8 ? 0.45 0.52 8 ? 2.99 3.64 8 P9?12 ? 0.93 1.02 6 ? 0.72 0.56 6 ? 2.14 2.39 6 ? 9 ?
44、3.5.5? ?4 ?- 35- 4?4.1 ?1? ? ? FR50 ? 22 ? FR35 ? FR35 ? FR50 ? 5 ? FR35 ?FR13 ? 22 ? FR13FR50 ?Fig. 22 The line of frame 13 to 50 ?2? ? KM ? 23 ?4 ?- 36- ? 23 ?Fig. 23 The plane of shaft arrangement?3? ? 22 ? GM ?4? ? 24 ? 0.5? 24 ? 0.5?Fig. 24 The arrangement of after trimming 0.5?for shaft line?5
45、? ? 25 ?4 ?- 37- ? 25 ?Fig. 25 The plane of vehicle deck arrangement4 ?- 38- 4.2 ? 6RT-flex60C-B? 14? 15? 16? 14 ? WARTSILA 6RT-flex60C-B ? 1 ?MCR 14520kW x 114r/min CSR (85 % M.C.R.) 12342kW x 108r/min ? 170g/kWh+5% ? 15 ? YANMAR 6N21AL-GV ? 2 ?MCR 1020kW x 900r/min ? 194g/kWh+3% ? 960kW ? 450V/60H
46、z ? YANMAR 6N21AL-UV ? 1 ?MCR 800kW x 900r/min ? 194g/kWh+3% ? 740kW ? 450V/60Hz 4 ?- 39- ? 16 ? 1 ? 2000kg/h ? 0.7MPa ? 154kg/h ? 60? 1 ? 1500kg/h ? 0.7MPa ? 60? 2 ? 1 ?1 ? 3? 3? 50%? 1 ? 2? 1 ? 3 ?50%? 1 ? 2 ? 1 ? 2 ? 60%? 50%60%?21?4 ?- 40- ?4.3 ? 600mm ? FR35 ? FR45 ? 4000mm ? FR50? 26? 26 ?Fig.
47、 26 The plane of engine room floor arrangement4 ?- 41- ? 27 ? 3 ? 3 ? 27 ?Fig. 27 The plane of engine room upper platform arrangement?- 42- 5?5.1 ?5.1.1? ISO 8217?2005?DMA? ? 1.50% m/m ?DMB? ? 2.00% m/m ?RMx? ? 3.50-4.50%m/m ? m/m ?5.1.2?2010 ? 1 ? 1 ? 0.1%? MDO ? 0.5%?2012 ? 1 ? 1 ? 0.1%? MGO ? 1.5
48、%?2012 ? 1 ? 1 ? 0.1%?2010 ? 7 ? 1 ?ECAs? 1.50%?2010 ? 7 ? 1 ?ECAs? 1.00%?2015 ? 1 ? 1 ?ECAs? 0.10%? ISO8217:2005 ?5.1.3? 2005/33/EC? ? 2010 ?- 43- 1 ? 1 ? 0.10%(m/m) ? ? ? ? 0.10%?(ECA)?.5.2 ?22?23? 58 ?5.3 ?- 44- ? ISO8217?2005 ? MGO ?MGO/MDO ?MGO/MDO/HFO ?HFO ?24?MDO?MGO? 2.0 cSt? MGO ? 40? 1.56.
49、0cSt? 40?25? DMX ? 43? ? 60? HFO ?/?26?/? MGO/MDO ?/? 1.50%? HFO ? 0.10%?27?5.4 ?- 45- ? ?28? 2.0 cSt? chiller ? 20? 2.0 cSt?- 46- 6?6.1 ?29?30? ?(IMO)? ?2004? ? 1? D-1?2?D-2 ?D-1 ? 3 ? 95%? 200 ? 200 ? 50 ? 200 ?D-2 ? 50? 10 ? 50? 10 ? 100ml ? 1g ? 1cfu ? 100ml? 250cfu ? 100ml ? 100cfu ? IMO ?- 47-
50、 D-1 ? D-2 ?2009 ?2009 ?2009 ? 15005000 m3? 2009 ?2014 ? D-1 ? D-2?2014 ? D-2 ?2009 ?5000 m3? 2009 ?2016 ? D-1 ?D-2 ?2016 ? D-2 ?2009 ?5000 m3?2009 ? D-2 ?20092012 ?5000 m3? 2009 ?2016 ? D-1 ? D-2 ?2016 ? D-2 ?2012 ?5000 m3?2012 ? D-2 ? ? ? 2016 ? 20 ? IMO ?6.2 ? D-2 ?31? ?1? Alfalaval PureBallast ?