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1、定义：定语是修饰名词或代词的成分，定语可由单词、短语来充当。当用一个句 子来充当名词或代词的修饰语时，这种起定语作用的句子就被称为定语从句They have a clever son.Do you know the man over there?I know the man who wrote the book.II. 要点：1. 定语从句的前面都有先行词 (被修饰语 )This is the boy whom we are looking for2. 定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后3. 先行词与定语从句之间要有关系词 (有时可省略 )4. 关系词在定语从句中充当某一成分The girl who
2、is standing under the tree is my sister.The man whom you want to see has come.III. 关系词基本用法但 that 一般可用来代替 who， whom， which ，作宾格时可省略Do you remember the teacher that/who taught us English?A bookstore is a store that/which sells books.The man (that/whom/who) you know is a famous professor.A) that 不能用来替代
3、 who， whom， which 的两种情况1) “介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用thatShe is a good student from whom we should learn.2) 在非限制性定语从句中，逗号后面不能用 thatShe sang a new song ， which we like very much.注意：非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能省略B) 用 that 不用 which 的一些特殊情况1) 先行词为 all ， much， little， something ， anything ，everything ，nothing 等Is there a
4、nything (that) I can do for you?2) 先行词前有形容词最高级修饰This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.3) 先行词前有 first ， last ， next ， only ， very ， all ， any 等词修 饰The first step (that) we are to take is very difficult.4) 先行词同时含有“人”和“非人”时，用 that 不用 which ，也不用 who/whomHe talked about the people and th
5、e books that interested him.C) 关系副词 when， where ， why用关系副词when时，它的先行词是表示时间的名词，用where时先行词是表示地点的名词，而用 why时它的先行词只可能是reason，使用时应注意以下 几点：1) 关系代词的选择主要是看先行词在从句中所作的成分This is the city where I was born.This is the city (which/that) he has visitedI don t know the reason why she is late.That is the reason (whic
6、h/that) everybody knowsDo you still remember the day when he arrived?Do you still remember the day (that/which) we spent together?2)关系副词when, where, why可由“介词+which”的结构来替代 Is this the reason for which they came?He left the day on which I came.注意： how 不能用来引导定语从句This is the way how he did it.D) As 作关系代词的用法与 the same , such 连用This is the same book as I read last week.Such books as I have read are classical works.