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1、Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 知识点讲解与拓展： 1. character：n. 人物、角色 Yue Fei is a great historical character. 2. think of 考虑、思考 Im thinking of going to Paris for vacation. 拓展：think of：想起、记起 I cant think of his name. think of：对有某种看法，常用于“What do you think of”句型中 What do you think of the book？ 3. add to& a
2、dd to add to 把加到上 Please add some salt to the water. add to 添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象 名词）Do you have anything to add to the list? record v. 录音4. ve recorded the whole concert. I保hold the record 记录 set the record创造记录 break the record打破记录拓展：record n. 持记录 决定、选定5. decide on What made you decide on Plan A? 基础的，基本的6
3、. basic adj. basically (adv,)基本的 基本上base basis (n.)基础 basic (adj.)拓展：Here it is. 7. 开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，here和there以 主谓倒装。 公共汽车来了。 Here you are. 给你。 Here comes the bus. forget v. 忘记8.forget to do （动作没发生） 忘记要做某事I forget to turn off the light. forget doing （动作已发生） 忘记做过某事I forget opening t
4、he door. 9. look like 看上去像 Tom looks like his father. 拓展：提问长相： What do/ dose sb. look like? 提问性格： What is sb. like? 10. appear v. 显得，看来，似乎 A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway. 拓展：appear （to be）+ adj./ n. She appears (to be) happy at the news. appear to do sth. You appear to travel quite a lot.
5、11. a little& a bit 1) 两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。 1 Im a little/ bit hungry. 2) 用作形容词做定语时，a little修饰不可数名词，而a bit后面加of再加不可数名词。 Theres a little water.= Theres a bit of water. 12. be ready to do sth. 已完成某事，准备好做某事 The contract will be ready to sign in two weeks. 拓展：be/ get ready for sth. 为做好准备 Are y
6、ou ready for your teast? 13. as well as 并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。 She is clever as well as beautiful. 14. how to do 疑问词+ to do I dont know how to do it. 拓展：what to do做什么 where to go去哪里 why to do为什么做 15. Dont+ 动词原形. 否定祈使句，意为“不要，禁止” Dont play jokes on me, will you? 16. the same as 和一样 The t
7、wins look the same as each other. 拓展：be different from 与不同 London was different from most European capitals. 17. look 连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。 Alice looks happy today. 拓展：连系动词还有：:be(是), look(看起来), feel(摸上去), seem(似乎是), appear(似乎、显得), prove(证明是), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来)等 18. Let sb. do s
8、th. 让某人做某事 在let引导的祈使句中，sb可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。 Let him go. let是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave等。 They made me repeat the story. 19. a pair of+ 不可数名词/ 可数名词的复数 a pair of shoes 20. look out= pay attention to 当心、注意 Look out！There is a car coming！ 拓展：look out of 向外看 She stopped writing and looked out of the wi
9、ndow. 21. pick up 捡起，拾起 She pick up a flower on the road. 拓展：pick up sth. 捡起某物，当sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick之后，如：pick it up。当sth.是名词时，可以放在pick up中间或up之后，如：pick the pen up= pick up the pen。 22. in trouble 在困境中 Hes in trouble, lets help him. 拓展：与trouble相关的短语：get into trouble惹上麻烦 have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有
10、困难 23. success n. 成功 I wish you success with your studies. 拓展：succeed v. 成功。succeed in doing sth. successful adj. 成功的。 His business is successful. 2 He told me the reason. 24. tell sb sth. 告诉某人某事The teacher told him to clean the classroom. 告诉某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. He told us not to buy clothes in
11、 this store. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不做某事 嘲笑25. laugh at t laugh at him, please. Don1. What do you _ your hometown? It is very beautiful. I love it very much. A.look at B.talk about C.think of D.think over 2. When I was in the supermarke, I forgot _ money with me. A.to take B.to taking C.taking
12、D.bringing you wear this red shirt? dontdont know _. Why 3. Could you give me some advice? I A.when to wear B.what to wear C.how to wear D.where to wear like to talk to teir parents, but I am _ them. nt4. Most of my classmates doA.different from B.surprised at C.the same as D.proud of your ticket? S
13、how _ , please. Wheres5. A.me it B.it me C.me to it D.it to me very dangerous. -OK, thank youIts6. -Tom, _ read books while you are walking in the street. . D.cantC.wont A.dont B.doesnt 7. He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. A.picked up B.threw away C.looked for D.handed in
14、 the best. sure our football team will _ this match.Were8. ItA.win B.fail C.lose D.beat dangerous. 9. Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. Its swim B.not swim C.not to swim D.not swimming A.dont10. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time. A.can be learned B.has
15、 been learned C.can learn D.has learned 2）语法被动语态（ . 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。一 . 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换二? last summer 主动语态We Visited that factory 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 ?被动语态last summer by us That factory was visited 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时Do they speak French ? 1（）Is French spoken by t
16、hem ? 3 am / is / are + P.P. They dont use the room . （2） The room isnt used by them .一般过去时 was / were + p.p. （1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . last by him stories was written Many year . 现在进行时 / are +being am / is +p.p. （1）These w
17、orkers are building a new bridge . （2）He is mending his car . these built by bridge is being A new workers . His car is being mended by him . 过去进行时+ was / were being + p.p. （1）He was selling books . discussing the They （2）were plan at that time . Books were being built by him . The plan was being di
18、scussed by them at that time . 现在完成时 have / has + been + p. p. many She （1）has learned English words . 2）He has finished the work . （learned have been Many English words by her . The work has been finished by him . 过去完成时 had + been + p.p. the solved ）They has （1problem . news the told him （2）We had
19、by then . The problem had been solved by them . The news had been told to him by us . 一般将来时shall / will be + p.p. （1）I shall make a plan . going to fix the （2）They are radio in an hour . A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 过去将来时would be + p.p. was/ were go
20、ing to be + p.p. （1）He told me they would paint the room . ）They were going to put on a 2（ play the next week . painted be room would He told me the by them . A play was going to be put by them the next week . 情态动词 / / / may must can should + be + p.p. our We （1）should hand in homework . ）（2You the
21、must answer question in English . by handed in homework Our should be us . in answered must The question be English by you . 如何正确使用被动语态四. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，1. 另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾 。语之间加上介词“to” （主动语态）eg. He often tells us interesting stories . .byhimtold
22、interestingstoriesareWeoften? ? （被动语态）.himusoftentoldtobyaregInterestinstories? 4 常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。 2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。 eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） 有这
23、种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。 3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。” Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。)(系表结构? ?1. 比较：ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.这个门是由冯平来关的。(被动语态)? Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是坏的系表结构)。(? ?2. .MaryglasswasbrokenbyThe)被动语态这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。(? 4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词介词
24、词组才可以有被动语态。+GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.(正确)? ? eg：GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.(错误)? Thedolphindisappearedinthedeepsea.(正确)?Thedolphinwasdisappearedinthedeepsea.(错误)? 五、不能用被动语态的情况 1. 不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，break out，take plac 2. 表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，
25、become，look like等 3. 某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮着。 4. 主动形式表示被动意义。 1) 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。 eg：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy. 2) 动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。 The children nee
26、d looking after. 孩子们需要照顾。 3) 某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。 The conversation is hard to understand. 这个对话很难理解。 The fish is not easy to fish. 鱼不容易上钩。 The passage is difficult to read. 这段文章很难读懂。 1. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was in
27、vented 2. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 3. The sports meeting _next month. 5 A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 4. Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling B.
28、is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 5. Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 6. Many houses _ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Yaan. A. is destroyed B. are destroyed C was destroyed D. were destroyed 7. Han Hans books
29、are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 8. Teenagers_allowed to drive. A. should not be B. should be not C. not should be 9. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B.
30、 are offered C. have offered D. are offering 10. I want to borrow the book, but I dont know how long it may _. For two weeks. A. keep B. be borrowed C. borrow D. be kept 11. Many trees _ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 12.
31、Didnt you see the sign No Parking! on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow 13. From May 6, pedestrians(行人) _10 yuan if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities. A. will fine B. were fined C. are
32、fine D. will be fined 14.What languages _ in that country? German and English A. are speaking B. are spoken C. speak D. is spoken 15. A year has four seasons and it _ twelve different star signs. A. divided into B. is dividing into C. divided into D is divided into 16. The child without parents _ go
33、od care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 17. Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs _ Sorry, mum. Ill do it at once. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. to be cleaned 18. “Frog”， Mo Yans latest novel, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But it wil
34、l come out again soon. D. was sold out C. has sold out B. is sold out A. sold out in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet. 19. Do you know Earth Day? Sure. It D. was set up A. sets up B. set up C. is set up ，20A lot of trees _around here every yearand we can enjoy fresher air now were planted A Bare planted Cwill plant Dare planting 6