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1、,定语从句,1.何为从句,2.何为定语,3.定语 从句,限定性定语从句&非限定定语从句,各关系词的用法,从句,公式：简单句+连接词+简单句=复合句,连个简单句地位不一定平等主要的句子叫主句为主句服务的句子叫从句,定语,修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语通常用形容词或形容词性短语来充当,a beautiful flower,a tall boy,beautiful,tall,定语从句,从广义上来说就是将定语与从句结合到一起,标准定义：修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句,This is the best film that I have seen.,the best film,先行词,定语从句中定语所修饰的名
2、词或代词,This is the best film that I have seen.,the best film,先行词,关系词,包含关系代词和关系副词,作用：,充当成分 ：做主、宾、定、状成分,代替先行词：指代上词内容,引导定语从句：连接主句和从句，相当于一连词,This is the best film that I have seen.,that,关系词,who,whom,which,that,whose,as,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,啥时用关系代词啥时用关系副词呀！,选用关系词，需要看两点： 1.看先行词 2.
3、 看关系词在从句中充当的成分。,做主语，宾语，定语，表语,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词 / 整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,有that,无that,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,作宾语时可以省略,不可以省略,限制性定语,语义上：起限定作用与关系词关系密切，修饰先行词若省略，与原句意义不完整或偏离。,翻译上：可以为翻译为一句，较短的从句译为“*的”。,形式上：允许关系词为that(但作宾语时可以省略)无 “ ”,，,限制性定语,语义上：对先行词起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意
4、义不受影响。,翻译上：可翻译成两句,形式上：无that 有“ ”隔开,，,1.当先行词是不定代词all、much、little、somethingeverything、anything、notthing 、none时+that,that的用法,You should hand in all that you have,allthat,that的用法,2.only、any、few、no、little、all、very+先行词+that,This is the very book that I am looking for,very book that,that的用法,3.形容词最高级或前面有形容词
5、最高级修饰的词时+that,This is the best that has been used against pollution,best that,that的用法,4.序数词+（词）+that,What is the first American film that you have seen?,5.又有人又有物时用that,DO you konw the things and persons that they are talking about?,6.主语是疑问词who或which时,that的用法,7.主句以There be开头,先行词为物时常用that引导定语从句,Which
6、is the bike that you lost?,There is a room in the building that is still free.,that的用法,8.两个定语从句时一个已用which时另一个用that,Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.,孩子们，如果两个定语从句一个已用that另一个用which,介词+关系代词whom/which+不定式/从句,The poor man has no house in which to live,Recent
7、lyI bought an ancient vase,the price of which was very reasonable,名词/代词/数词+of+ which /whom引导非限定性定语从句,I bought some books from the bookstore, five _ were English novels.,of which,as的用法,1.such、the same、as many/much、so 后加as,I have the same plan as you.,as的用法,2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本有“正如.正象”之意，与之连用的词有 kn
8、ow, see, expect, announce, point out 等。,As we all know, the earth is round.,who的用法,Anyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.,在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”who” 代替 “that”.,who,who,who,1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty 2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job,is,am,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。,see you,