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1、2014最新版新目标八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳2.be good at 擅长于. Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。 = Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。 be good at = do well in 如: Im good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。 Unit 1. whats the matter? 3.be good to 对.好 一(重点短语归纳 Parents are always good to their children.
2、父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 1. foot-feet 脚 tooth-teeth 牙齿 29.get good grades 取得好成绩 2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。 7. lie down and (have a)res
3、t 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 31.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 Its important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 10.drink lots of water多喝水 32.balanced diet平衡饮食 11.lots of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot 33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired a lot o
4、f=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。: 34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library. 35.He shouldnt eat anything =He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用;表示十分，很等意思; Thanks a lot. 36.give s
5、b some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. Thats a good idea好主意 advice 是不可数名词 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 He gave me some good advice. I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 他向我提了
6、一些很好的意见。 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事 49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时， get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠 to do 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情 50.take medicine 吃药 服药 doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿
7、 二 固定结构 19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry 饥饿 Its +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐 做某事对某人来说是的。 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 Its important to do sth .做某事很重要。 26. need to do sth 需要做某事 Its important for me to e
8、at a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医. Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净. Its easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 27. too much + 不可数名词 太多的 三(重点句子 much too +形/副 实在太 极其，非常 1.Whats the matter
9、? Whats the mater with you ? 你怎么啦, too many + 可数名词复数 太多的 =Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong with you? 28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 2.Thats too bad. You should / shouldnt 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该 be go
10、od to 对好 You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . be good at =do well in 在方面好，擅长 He shouldnt eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 3.Im not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 1.be good for 对.有益 I dont feel
11、 well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的,大约两天前 1 常见短语动词结构有下面几种: 5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 1.动词+副词 如:give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜 这里better是well的比较级 这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必
12、须放在动 10.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat a balanced diet . 词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。 在短语动词后。 ? Its easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / Its important to do sth . 做某事重要 2. 动词+介词 如:listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于 四(知识结构 这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。 1.情态动词should的
13、用法 ?3. 动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出，想出 should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。 run out of 用完，耗尽 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为应该.。 4. 动词+名词(介词) 如:take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住 should(应当，应该)用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。 1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如:cheer me up 使我高兴 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫 eg. You should wait a little more. 2. hom
14、eless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家 你应该再多等一会儿。 4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ill adj. 生病的 作表语 ，不能作定语 - I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者 - You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。 6. come up with 提出 想出 = think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上 2ma
15、ybe与may be ?7. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) put up 张贴 1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如: 8. write down 写下 记下 9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话 Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。 10. set up 成立 建立 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 The new hospital was set up in 2000.
16、这座医院是在2000年成立的。 2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是.”。如: 11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用 He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用 She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师 12. put to use 把 投入使用，利用 4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系: ? They put the new machine to use.
17、他们把新机器投入使用 1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有;a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study 例如: help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 help do 帮助做某事 help study There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 14
18、. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句 2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。 I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如: 我计划去北京。 There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 15. spend doing 花费做 I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我的瓶子里没有
19、墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗, 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。 5 notuntil 直到 (否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词 ? spend on sth. 花费在 I spent 3 years on English. She didnt leave until we came. 16. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如:join the Party 入党 He went shopping after he got up. take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如: take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 =He didnt go shopp
20、ing until /before he got up. 17. run out 与 run out of until/till 直到? (肯定句)动词为延续性动词 ?run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本 We stayed here till/until 12 oclock. 身就含有被动意义。 His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。 Unit 2 Ill help clean the city parks. ?run out o
21、f 主语为人，表示主动含义。 He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。 两者在一定条件下可以互换 一(知识点: 短语动词小结 2 如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。 I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time 二(句子 18.
22、 take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 1(We cant put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from be similar to 与.相像 take after 相像 now. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 2(She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school.
23、 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用 19. work out v. + adj. ?结局，结果为 3(Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。 ?4算出，制订出，消耗完(精力等) (The three stude
24、nts plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。 He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。 5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。 I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。 6.The strategies th
25、at he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。 21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛 8(We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。 I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。 9(You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会 10(He now has sixteen bi
26、kes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。 23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如: thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我 24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问 You dont have money. Thats for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 25. fill with 使充满
27、 用填充 She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 一(重要词组及短语 26. hand out 分发 hand out bananas give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分.给某人 1. could you please do sth.? 你能吗,/ 请你干好吗, 2. do the chores 做杂务 give up doing 放弃 give up smoking 放弃吸烟 3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清扫地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾 gi
28、ve away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to . give away money to kids 6. make ones bed 铺床 7. fold ones clothes 叠衣服 8. clean the living room 清扫客厅 give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱 9. stay out late 晚归 10. come over 过来 11. have a test 考试 give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线 12. get a ride 搭车 13. use o
29、nes computer 使用某人的电脑 27. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境) 14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事 I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。 15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服17. wash the car 刷车 28. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train sb.
30、 to do. 训练某人做某事 16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭 She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。 18. work on 从事，忙于 work at 学习、致力于、在上下工夫 29. at once = right away 立刻 马上 如: 19. borrow some money 借一些钱 Do it at once. 马上去做。 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入) Ill go there at once/ right a
31、way. 我马上去那里。 lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出) 30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如: You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。 One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。 Can you lend me your bike? 你能借给我你的自行车吗, Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。 20. invite sb. to do sth.
32、邀请某人做某事 34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能 They invited me to join their club. 他们邀请我参加俱乐部。 36. volunteer ?可数名词 “志愿者” ?adj. 自愿的 invite sb to a place 邀请某人去某地 invite you to my party vi. volunteer to do sth 21. go to the store 去商店 They are the Chinese Peoples Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。 3 22. agree sb.
33、to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见 13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 14. look through翻看 disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见 15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 16. a big deal重要的事 23. take care of = look after 照顾、照看、照料 take good care of = look after well 把照管得好 17. work out成功地发展;解决 18. get
34、 on with和睦相处;关系良: 26. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步 19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架 20. hang over笼罩 27. play with sb. 和某人玩 21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 28. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(做过) 23. so that以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the time一直 26. i
35、n future今后 (2)关于 to 的短语总结: 27. make sb. angry使某人生气 28. worry about sth. 担心某事 have to do sth. 不得不，必须做某事 29. copy one s homework抄袭某人的作业 30. be oneself做自己 need to do sth. 需要做某事 hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事 31. family members 家庭成员 32. spend time alone独自消磨时光 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 want to do sth. 想做某事 33. give s
36、b. pressure给某人施压 34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 love to do sth. 热爱做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities业余活动 start to do sth. 开始做某事 begin to do sth. 开始做某事 37. get better grades取得更好的成绩 38. give one s opinion提出某人的观点 ask sb to do sth. 请某人做某事 39. learn exam skil
37、ls学习应试技巧 40. practice sports体育训练 41. cause stress造成压力 42. cut out删除 二(重点句型 一. 重要词汇和句型 1. Could you please clean your room? 1. get ( 1 ) 买 get sth. for sb. = get sb. sth. 为某人买某物 Yes, sure. / Sorry, I cant. I have to do my homework first. Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ? 2. Could I
38、 please use the car? = Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ? ( 2 ) 得到, 到达 Where did you get the book ? Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you cant. I have to go out. When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night . 在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用 could 代替 can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而 can 则(3)
39、 使, 让 get + 宾语 + 宾补 使某人 某物 怎么样 不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式。以上两句中用 could 是为了表示礼貌的请求。 Please get you coat clean . Get your mouth closed . 表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了 can, could 之外，还可以用 may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的 get sb. to do sth. 使某人 某物做某事 方式来表示同一个概念。例: I got him to call Jim yesterday . (4) ( 逐渐) 变得The weath
40、er gets warmer and days get longer . Could / Can / May I use your car for a day? Why did the teacher get angry ? 作允答可以各种各样: 2. how about what about 后跟名词 代词 动词ing形式。 如同意可以说 Yes，或 Sure 或 Certainly，还可说 Yes, (do) please. 或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 Thats OK ( 1) 向对方提出建议或请求 / all right. How about goi
41、ng out for a walk ?How about something to eat ? 如果不同意，可以说 Im sorry you cant. 或 Im really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说 No, you cant. 这 (2) 向对方征求意见或看法 样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。 How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ? ( 3 ) 询问天气或身体情况 How about the weather in Hainan Island ? How a
42、bout your parents ? Are they living with you ? Unit4.Why dont you talk to your parents? ( 4 ) 谈话中承接上下文 一、重点短语 Im forty years old . How about you ? 1. have free time有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Im from Beijing . How about you ? 3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课 3. recei
43、ve 收到 The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday . 5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架 6. until midnight直到半夜 receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收到某人的信 7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. too many太多 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday . 9. study too much学得过多 10. get
44、 enough sleep有足够的睡眠 = I got a letter from my parents last Sunday . 11. write sb. a letter给某人写信 12. call sb. up打电话给某人 4 = I heard from my parents last Sunday . 8. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep accept 接受 He couldnt accept our suggestions but our gifts . sleep 动词, 睡觉, 强调动作
45、. I am very tired . I want to sleep . 我很累，想睡觉。 She was very glad to receive the invitation . sleeping , Sleep 的现在分词, 表示 “ 正在睡觉” He didnt receive a good education at university . Dont make so much noise . The baby is sleeping . 不要这么吵，宝宝在睡觉。 I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to acc
46、ept it . 4. a 6-year old child 一个六岁的孩子 sleepy 想睡觉的, 困倦的. 6-year old 是由 “数词 +名词 + 形容词 ” 构成的复合形容词, 作前置定语, I am a little sleepy. Id like to go to bed . 我有点困了，我想去床上睡觉了。 修饰后面的名词child . asleep 睡着了的. 数词+名词+形容词 构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单数形式: The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school . a
47、five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩 a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子 老师发现汤姆上课睡觉，放学后就把他留了下来。 a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本两英寸厚的词典 fall asleep 强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程, 不能接一段时间 I couldnt fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。 5. too to 太 而不能 be asleep 表示睡着后的状态 , “ 睡
48、着了”, 可以接一段时间 . too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形, 构成不定式. 句子的主语与 动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb. He was asleep for three hours . 他睡了3个小时。 He is too young to join the army ( 军队) . 他年纪太小，不能去参军。 9. choose 动词, “ 选择,挑选 ” , 过去式chose, 过去分词chosen The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 这道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出。 choose to do sth. 选择做某事 too to 可以与 enough to 和 so that 转换. We choose Mike as our leader ( 领导 ). 我们选择迈克作为我们的领导。 与enough to转换 时, enough 前的形容词, 副词必须是