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1、英语六级仔细阅读训练附答案Someoftheoldworriesaboutartificialintelligencewerecloselylinkedtothequestionofwhethercomputerscouldthink.Thefirstmassiveelectroniccomputers,capableofrapidcalculationandlittleornocreativeactivity,weresoondubbed取绰号electronicbrains.Areactiontothisterminologyquicklyfollowed,computerswerecal
2、led，/highspeedidiots”,anefforttoprotecthumanvanity.Butnoteveryonerealizedtheimplicationsofthehigh-speedidiottag.Ithasnotbeenpointedoutenoughthateventhehumanidiotisoneofthemostintelligentlifeformsonearth.Iftheearlycomputerswereeventhatintelligent,itwasalreadyaremarkablestateofaffairs.Oneconsequenceof
3、speculationaboutthepossibilityofcomputerthoughtwasthatwewereforcedtoexaminewithnewcaretheideaofthoughtingeneral.Itsoonbecameclearthatwewerenotsurewhatwemeantbysuchtermsasthoughtandthinking.Wetendtoassumethathumanbeingsthink,somemorethanothers,thoughweoftencallpeoplethoughtlessorunthinking.Dreamscaus
4、eaproblem,partlybecausetheyusuallyhappenoutsideourcontrol.Theyareobviouslysometypeofmentalexperience,butaretheyatypeofthinking?Andthequestionofnonhumanlifeformsaddsfurtherproblems.Manyofuswouldmaintainthatsomeofthehigheranimals-dogs,cats,apes,andsoon-arecapableofatleastbasicthought,butwhataboutfisha
5、ndinsects?Ifthinkingisdemonstratedbyevidentelectricalactivityinthebrain,thenmanyspeciesarecapableofthought.Oncewehaveformulatedclearideasonwhatthoughtisinbiologicalcreatures,itwillbeeasiertodiscussthequestionofthoughtinartifacts人工制品.Andwhatistrueofthoughtisalsotrueofthemanyothermentalprocesses.Oneof
6、theimmensebenefitsofaresearchisthatwearebeingforcedtoscrutinize,withnewrigor,theworkingofthehumanmind.Itisalreadyclearthatmachineshavesuperiormentalabilitiestomanylifeforms.Nofernoroaktreecanplaychessaswellaseventhesimplestdigitalcomputer,norcanfrogsweldcarbodiesaswellasrobots.Itseemsthat,viewedinte
7、rmsofintellect,thecomputershouldbesetwellaboveplantsandmostanimals.Onlythehigheranimalscancompetewithcomputerswithregardtointellectandeventhenwithdiminishingsuccess.1. Whatdidpeoplethinkoftheearlycomputers?2. Accordingtotheauthor,theearlycomputersisthanhumanidiots.3. Asaresultofspeculatingwhethercom
8、putercouldthink,wehadtoresearchmorecarefullytoget.4. Whydodreamscausetheproblemwhethertheyareatypeofthinking,accordingtotheauthor?5. Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratebymentioningthefernandtheoaktree?1. Theywerecalled，/highspeedidiotsVTheycancalculaterapidlybutareidiots.定位第1段第2、3句。解析：此题有关人们对早期电子计算机的看
9、法。从第1段第2、3句所提到的计算机的两个绰号4electronicbrains和highspeedidiots可推理得出:人们对于当时出现的计算机其实是持嘲讽和轻蔑态度的，认为它们虽然运转速度快，但是很笨。2. lessintelligent定位根据earlycomputers查找到第1段最后一句。解析：原文倒数第2句提到，即使是humanidiot,也是最intelligent的生命形式。接着最后一句用if“假设”说明了早期的计算机并没有白痴的人聪明，由此可知题目应填入lessintelligento3. theideaofthoughtingeneral定位根据resultofspecu
10、lating查找到第2段第1句。解析：题目中的前半部分是对原文主语的同义改写，主句中的hadtoresearchtoget.,相当于原文中的wereforcedtoexamine.,因此examine后面的宾语就是答案所在。4. Becausetheyusuallyhappenoutsideourcontrol./Becausetheyareusuallybeyondourcontrol.定位根据dreamscauseaproblem查找到第2段第4句。解析：原文提到Dreamscauseaproblem后即明确解释原因：partlybecausetheyusuallyhappenoutsideourcontrol,答案可以照搬原文，也可以用介词beyond进行同义改写。5. Machineshavesuperiormentalabilitiestomanylifeforms./Computersaremoreintelligentthanplantsandmostanimals.定位末段前三句。解析：末段第2句提到的内容是支持该段首句和第3句观点的具体例子。这两句话的观点是相同的，说的都是“机器比很多生物具有更强的思考能力”。由此可见。可照搬首句中that引导的主语从句作为答案，也可以结合第3句作同义改写。感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。