《最新高考完整版-理综化学+物理生物试题及答案-天津卷优秀名师资料.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新高考完整版-理综化学+物理生物试题及答案-天津卷优秀名师资料.doc（51页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2010年高考完整版-理综(化学 物理生物)试题及答案-(天津卷)2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷) 理科综合 物理部分 理科综合共300分，考试用时150分钟。 物理试卷分为第一卷(选择题)和第二卷两部分，第一卷1至3页， 第二卷4至6页，共120分。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利 第?卷 注意事项: 1( 每题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2
2、( 本卷共8题，每题6分，共48分。 一、单项选择题(每小题6分，共30分。每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是正确的) 1. 下列关于电磁波的说法正确的是 A(均匀变化的磁场能够在空间产生电场 B(电磁波在真空和介质中传播速度相同 C(只要有电场和磁场，就能产生电磁波 D(电磁波在同种介质中只能沿直线传播 2.下列关于原子和原子核的说法正确的是 A(衰变现象说明电子是原子核的组成部分 B(波尔理论的假设之一是原子能量的量子化 C(放射性元素的半衰期随温度的升高而变短 D(比结合能越小表示原子核中的核子结合得越牢固 3.质点做直线运动的v-t图像如图所示，规定向右为正方向，则该质点在前8s内
3、平均速度的大小和方向分别为 A(0.25m/s 向右 B(0.25m/s 向左 C(1m/s 向右 D(1m/s 向左 4.一列简谐横波沿x轴正向传播，传到M点时波形如图所示，再经0.6s，N点开始振动，则该波的振幅A和频率f为 A(A=1m f=5HZ B(A=0.5m f=5HZ C(A=1m f=2.5 HZ D(A=0.5m f=2.5 HZ standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighti
4、ng and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its allo
5、ys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical
6、 properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded tank code for construction and acceptance of 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipm
7、ent installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauges, using an
8、 installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the
9、responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge 5.在静电场中，将一正电荷从a点移到b点，电场力做了负功，则 A(b点的电场强度一定比a点大 B(电场线方向一定从b指向a C(b点的电势一定比a点高 D(该电荷的动能一定减小 二、不定项选择
10、题(每小题6分，共18分。每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个正确。全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，选错或不答的得0分) 6.探测器绕月球做匀速圆周运动，变轨后在周期较小的轨道上仍做匀速圆周运动，则变轨后与变轨前相比 A.轨道半径变小 B.向心加速度变小 C.线速度变小 D.角速度变小 7.为探究理想变压器原、副线圈电压、电流的关系，将原线圈接到电压有效值不变的正弦交流电源上，副线圈连接相同的灯泡L、L，电路中分别接了理想交流电压表V、V和理想1212交流电流表A，A，导线电阻不计，如图所示。当开关S闭合后 12A. A示数变大，A与A示数的比值不变 112B. A示
11、数变大，A与A示数的比值变大 112C. V示数变小，V与V示数的比值变大 212D. V示数不变，V与V示数的比值不变 2128.用同一光管研究a、b两种单色光产生的光电效应，得到光电流I与光电管两极间所加电压U的关系如图。则这两种光 A照射该光电管时a光使其逸出的光电子最大初动能大 B.从同种玻璃射入空气发生全反射时，a光的临界角大 C.通过同一装置发生双缝干涉，a光的相邻条纹间距大 D.通过同一玻璃三棱镜时，a光的偏折程度大 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷) 理科综合 物理部分 第二卷 注意事项: 1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2. 本卷共4题，共7
12、2分。 9(18分) (1)如图所示，在高为h的平台边缘水平抛出小球A,同时在水平地面上距台面边缘水平距离为s处竖直上抛小球B，两球运动轨迹在同一竖直平面内，不计空气阻力，重力加速度为g。若两球能在空中相遇，则小球A的初速度V应大于 Astandards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual me
13、thods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004
14、petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment i
15、nstallation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded tank code for construction and acceptance of 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance sp
16、ecification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal
17、carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in cha
18、rge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge A、B两球初速度之比为 (2)在探究合力的方法时，先将橡皮条的一端固定在水平木板上，另一端系上带有绳套的两根细绳。实验时，需要两次拉伸橡皮条，一次是通过两细绳用两个弹簧秤互成角度地拉橡皮条，另一次是用一个弹簧秤通过细绳拉橡皮条。 1?实验 对两次拉伸橡皮条的要求中，下列哪些说法是正确的 (填字母代号) A.
19、将橡皮条拉伸相同长度即可 B. 将橡皮条沿相同方向拉到相同长度 C.将弹簧秤都拉伸到相同刻度 D.将橡皮条和绳的结点拉到相同位置 2?同学们在操作过程中有如下议论，其中对减小实验误差有益的说法是 (填字母代号) A. 两细绳必须等长 B. 弹簧秤、细绳、橡皮条都应与木板平行 C. 用两弹簧秤同时拉细绳时两弹簧秤示数之差应尽可能大 D. 拉橡皮条的细绳要长些，标记同一细绳方向的两点要远些 (3)要测量电压表V的内阻R，其量程为2V，内阻约2K。实验室提供的器材有: 1V电流表A，量程0.6A，内阻约0.1; 电压表V，量程5V，内阻为5K; 2定值电阻R，阻值30; 1定值电阻R，阻值为3K;
20、2滑动变阻器R，最大阻值100，额定电流1.5A; 3电源E，电动势6V，内阻约0.5; 开关S一个，导线若干。 1?有人拟将待测电压表V 和电流表A串联接入电压合适的测量电路1 中，测出V的电压和电流，再计算出R。该方案实际上不可行，其1 V最主要的原因是 2?请从上述器材中选择必要的器材，设计一个测量电压表V内阻R1V的实验电路。要求测量尽量准确，实验必须在同一电路中，且在不增减元件的条件下完成。试画出符合要求的实验电路图(图中电源与开关已连接好)，并标出所选元件的相应字母代号: 3?由上问写出V内阻R的表达方式，说明式中各测量量的物理意义。 1V10.(16分)如图所示，小球A系在细线的
21、一端，线的另一端固定在O点，O点到水平面的距离为h。物块B质量是小球的5倍，置于粗糙的水平面上且位于O点的正下方，物块与水平面间的动摩擦因数为。现拉动小球使线水平伸直，小球由静止开始释放，运动到最低点时与物块发生正碰(碰撞时间极短)，反弹后上升至最高点时到水平面的距离为。小球与物块均视为质点，不计空气阻力，重力加速度为g，求物块在水平面上滑行的时间t。 11.(18分)如图所示，质量m=0.1kg，电阻R=0.3，长度l=0.4m的导体棒ab横放在U11型金属框架上。框架质量m=0.2kg，放在绝缘水平面上，与水平面间的动摩擦因数=0.2，2相距0.4m的MM、NN相互平行，电阻不计且足够长。
22、电阻R=0.1的MN垂直于MM。2整个装置处于竖直向上的匀强磁场中，磁感应强度B=0.5T。standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2
23、002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for stee
24、l pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical s
25、teel pressure vessel steel welded tank code for construction and acceptance of 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engin
26、eering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle w
27、ithout the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance w
28、ith the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge 垂直于ab施加F=2N的水平恒力，ab从静止开始无摩擦地运动，始终与MM、NN保持良好接触，当ab运动到某处时，框架开始运动。设框架与水平面间最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩2擦力，g取10m/s. (1)求框架开始运动时ab速度v的大小; (2)从ab开始运动到框架开始运动的过程中，MN上产生的热量Q=0.1J，求该过程ab位移x的大小。 12.(20分)质谱分析技术已广泛应用于各前沿科学领域。汤姆孙发现电子的质谱装置示意如图，M、N为两块水平放置的平行金属
29、极板，板长为L，板右端到屏的距离为D，且D远大于L，OO为垂直于屏的中心轴线，不计离子重力和离子在板间偏离OO的距离。以屏中心O为原点建立xOy直角坐标系，其中x轴沿水平方向，y轴沿竖直方向。 (1)设一个质量为m、电荷量为q的正离子以速度v沿OO的方向从O点射入，板间不000加电场和磁场时，离子打在屏上O点。若在两极板间加一沿+y方向场强为E的匀强电场，求离子射到屏上时偏离O点的距离y; 0(2)假设你利用该装置探究未知离子，试依照以下实验结果计算未知离子的质量数。 上述装置中，保留原电场，再在板间加沿-y方向的匀强磁场。现有电荷量相同的两种正离子组成的离子流，仍从O点沿OO方向射入，屏上出
30、现两条亮线。在两线上取y坐标相同的两个光点，对应的x坐标分别为3.24mm和3.00mm，其中x坐标大的光点是碳12离子击中屏产生的，另一光点是未知离子产生的。尽管入射离子速度不完全相同，但入射速度都很大，且在板间运动时OO方向的分速度总是远大于x方向和y方向的分速度。 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷) 理科综合 化学部分 理科综合共300分，考试用时150分钟。 化学试卷分为第?卷(选择题)和第?卷两部分，第?卷1至2页，第?卷3至6页，共100分。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试
31、卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利 第?卷 standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 in
32、dustrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pres
33、sure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel p
34、ressure vessel steel welded tank code for construction and acceptance of 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering
35、 construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without
36、 the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with th
37、e provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge 注意事项: 1(每题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2(本卷共6题，每题6分，共36分。在每题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。 以下数据可供解题时参考: 相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 O 16 1(以节能减排为基础的低碳经济是保持社会可持续发展的战略举措。下列做法违背发展低(碳经济的是 A(发展氢能和太阳能 B(限制塑料制品的使用 C(提高原子利用率，发展绿色化学 D(尽量用纯液
38、态有机物代替水作溶剂 2(化学已渗透到人类生活的各个方面。下列说法不正确的是 (A(阿司匹林具有解热镇痛作用 B(可以用SiN、AlO制作高温结构陶瓷制品 3423C(在入海口的钢铁闸门上装一定数量的铜块可防止闸门被腐蚀 D(禁止使用四乙基铅作汽油抗爆震剂，可减少汽车尾气污染 3(下列鉴别方法可行的是 3+2+A(用氨水鉴别Al、Mg和Ag ,2,2,B(用Ba(NO)溶液鉴别Cl、SO和CO 3243,溴丙烷和2,溴丙烷 C(用核磁共振氢谱鉴别1D(用KMnO酸性溶液鉴别CHCH,CHCHOH和CHCHCHCHO 4323224(下列液体均处于25?，有关叙述正确的是 A(某物质的溶液pH
39、c(CHCOO) 333standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engine
40、ering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000
41、8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded
42、tank code for construction and acceptance of 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance
43、 specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG . Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measur
44、es, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job uni
45、t fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge 5(下列实验设计及其对应的离子方程式均正确的是 3+2+2+A(用FeCl溶液腐蚀铜线路板:Cu + 2Fe , Cu + 2Fe 3+,B(NaO与HO反应制备O :NaO + HO , 2Na + 2OH + O? 22222222+,C(将氯气溶于水制备次氯酸:Cl + HO , 2H + Cl + ClO 22D(用浓盐酸酸化的KMnO溶液与HO反应，证明HO具有还原性: 42222+2+,2MnO + 6H + 5HO , 2Mn + 5O? + 8HO 222246(下列各表述与示意图一致的是 ,1,1A
46、(图?表示25?时，用0.1 mol?L盐酸滴定20 mL 0.1 mol?L NaOH溶液，溶液的pH随加入酸体积的变化 B(图?中曲线表示反应2SO(g)+ O(g) 2SO(g)H 0 正、逆反应的平衡223常数K随温度的变化 ,1,1C(图?表示10 mL 0.01 mol?L KMnO 酸性溶液与过量的0.1 mol?L HCO溶42242+液混合时，n(Mn) 随时间的变化 D(图?中a、b曲线分别表示反应CH,CH (g)+ H(g),CHCH(g);H 0使22233用和未使用催化剂时，反应过程中的能量变化 绝密?启用前 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷) 理科综
47、合 化学部分 第?卷 注意事项: 1(用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2(本卷共4题，共64分。 7(14分)X、Y、Z、L、M五种元素的原子序数依次增大。X、Y、Z、L是组成蛋白质的基standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasoni
48、c inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels