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1、Objectives:,Basic Radiology 101 Film Interpretation Appreciate the role radiology plays Artifacts in X-Rays,Contents:,Densities Techniques Anatomy CXR Interpretation Common Pathologies Questions,Densities,The big two densities are: (1) WHITE - Bone (2) BLACK - Air The others are: (3) DARK GREY- Fat
2、(4) GREY- Soft tissue/water And if anything Man-made is on the film, it is: (5) BRIGHT WHITE - Man-made,Techniques - Projection,P-A (relation of x-ray beam to patient),Techniques - Projection (continued),A-P Supine/Erect,Techniques - Projection (continued),Lateral,Techniques - Projection (continued)
3、,Lateral Decubitus,Techniques - Projection (continued),Oblique,Orientation,Orientation,Rotation,Rotation (continued),Penetration,Inspiration/Expiration,Anatomy,Anatomy,Anatomy,Lobes,Right upper lobe:,Lobes (continued),Right middle lobe:,Lobes (continued),Right lower lobe:,Lobes (continued),Left lowe
4、r lobe:,Lobes (continued),Left upper lobe with Lingula:,Lobes (continued),Lingula:,Lobes (continued),Left upper lobe - upper division:,Pleura,Layers:,Heart,Right border: Edge of (r) Atrium 3. Left border: (l) Ventricle + Atrium 4. Posterior border: Reft Ventricle 5. Anterior border: Right Ventricle,
5、Heart (continued),Heart (continued),Heart (continued),Valves,Mediastinum,Hilum,Made of: 1. Pulmonary Art.+Veins 2. The Bronchi Left Hilus higher (max 1-2,5 cm) Identical: size, shape, density,Hilum,Ribs,Soft tissue & bones,Lateral CXR,Lateral CXR (continued),Lateral CXR (continued),Lateral CXR (cont
6、inued),Lateral CXR (continued),CXR Interpretation,Technical Details,Type Orientation Rotation Inspiration/expiration Penetration,Lungs:,Lungs Density Symmetry Lesions,Heart,Size:,Heart,Size of heart Size of individual chambers of heart Size of pulmonary vessels Evidence of stents, clips, wires and v
7、alves Outline of aorta and IVC and SVC,Mediastinum:,Width Contour AP window,Hila:,Size Location,Review areas:,Apices Behind the heart CP angles Below the diaphragm Soft tissues ( breast, surgical emphysema) Ribs & clavicle Vertebrae,Identify the lesion localise the lesion describe the lesion give DD
8、 Never stop looking, carry on with your systematic approach!,Pathology,RUL pneumonia,RML pneumonia,RLL pneumonia,LUL pneumonia,LLL pneumonia,Consolidation on CT,Hilar m l,The Enlarged Hila,Causes: 1. Adenopathies (neoplasia, infection) 2. Primary Tumor 3. Vascular 4. Sarcoidosis,Multiple Masses,Hilar Lymphadenopathy - BL,Pleural Effusion,Pulmonary Fibrosis,?,Heart failure,Pneumothorax,RUL collapse,LLL collapse,Air under the diaphragm,Emphysema,Cervical Rib,Cavitating lesion,Hiatus hernia,Miliary shadowing,Chest Tube, NG Tube, Pulm. artery cath,Dextrocardia,