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1、104国道边沟槽开挖钢板桩设计支护方案桩号A5+400A6+000钢板桩支护方案一、桩号：A5+400A6+000工程概况 管桩I标在区段A5+400A0+000之间，是钢管埋设沟槽开挖的重点、难点所在。其原因为：1、此段的地形复杂、地表起伏不定、地表状态多异，水稻田、荷花塘、滩涂，且靠近国道边的绿化种植带，距104国道路基较近。2、工程地质复杂，管线位置多位于地质复杂的荒废地，表层为常年堆弃的垃圾、塘渣、杂土层。管线内侧是常年荷花塘，为流动性大的淤泥土质，管线外侧是国道绿化带，表层约1m后的种植土，开外地表下约1m1.5m范围内，是有良好承载力的粘土层。粘土层下方标高2.0以下为地质报告中的
2、 “游泥”层，管线就铺设在此土层中，土层性质为青灰色、灰色、流塑状、高压缩性、遇水流动性大、干强度高。沟槽开挖时重点要克服此土层的侧压力。3、管线周围环境复杂，管线内侧约2-3米处有平行管线的国防军用光缆线，管线外侧的绿化带在施工过程中又要尽量做好保护， 再有104国道线的路基保护，故在开挖时一定要做好管沟的支护，采取有效地支护方案。以上原因给沟槽开挖带来种种困难，况且此处的管线中心设计图纸埋深标高1.471.6m，再加上表层自然面标高约为3.94.2.，沟槽开挖深度应在3.23.5m左右。根据淤泥层土质性质，开挖此深度必须要做好沟槽的支撑围护，方可进行下管施工。、二、根据施工现况及土质情况。
3、拟定沟槽的支护方案如下：1、沟槽支护材料选用国标25#b 槽钢，高度为250，腿宽为80，腰宽7.0，理论重量为31.34kg/m，单根槽钢长度为6米。2、支护形式 2.1 平面支护开挖时靠近104国道线一侧，由于管线位置距离国道线比较近，工作面太小，开挖时没有足够距离，支护桩应该加密，而荷塘一侧堆土面相对较宽裕，放坡坡度大，塌方现象不太严重，具体支护平面图如下： 2.2剖面支护支护深度考虑来说，一般要求是钢板桩打入沟槽底的深度一般应大于沟槽开挖宽度，使侧壁和两边的土压力通过钢板桩支护传到深层土层中，避免出现涌土现象，并具有足够的支撑系统，来平衡土方的水平侧压力。具体钢板桩支撑剖面图如下：3、
4、钢板桩的支护设计计算 根据钢板桩的实际受力状况分析力学模型，通过简单的力学计算，确定钢板桩的实际受力及支护结构的稳定性，以确保支护结构的精确性和安全性，从而满足工程的需要。理论计算取桩号A6+000处为例，沟槽开挖示意图如下：、设计计算资料A、 钢板桩顶高程：H1=4.10m，地下水位：H2=2.00mB、 地面标高：H0=4.35m，开挖沟槽底标高：H3=0.90mC、 坑内、外土的天然容重加权平均数值为1、2均为：20KN/m3,内摩擦角加权平均数值：20；粘聚力加权平均值c：22；空隙比e：0.89。D、 地面超载q：20.0KN/m2。E、 基坑开挖深度b=3.45mF、 拟设置单层支
5、撑，撑杆每隔6米一道。 、内力计算（1）作用于板桩上的土压力强度及压力分布见图5。板桩外侧均布荷载换算填土高度h0,h0=q/r=20.0/20=1.0m。水位线2.00标高以上土压力强度Pa1Pa1= r*(h0+2.1)ka=20.0KN/m2*（1+2.1）*0.49=30.38 KN/m2水位线2.00标高以下土压力强度Pa2Pa2= r*(h0+2.1)+( r- rw)*(2-0.9)*ka=20*(1+2.1)+(20-10)-1.1*0.49=35.77 KN/m2水压力Pa3Pa3= rw*(2-0.9)=10*1.1=11KN/m2则沟槽最底部土体最大侧压力（土体和水压力）
6、EaEa=(30.38*3.1)/2+30.38*(3.1+1.1)+(35.77-30.38)*1.1/2+11*1.1/2 =47.089+66.76+6.05=119.9 KN/m2计算钢板桩的最小入土深度。根据公式X2=6*119.9/20*(3.26-0.49) x=3.6m 钢板桩一般设计最大剪力为：210KN/m2根据以上检验数据可以判定25#槽钢可满足力学要求，且打入深度适中。四、钢板桩施工现场的施工方法钢板桩在现场施工时采用机械为主，人工辅助的方法施工，首先把符合要求的拟用钢板桩，运送到沟槽边摆放整齐，挖土机首先挖去表层土平整场地，然后测量放线放出管道中心线和钢板桩支护边线。
7、钢板桩单根长度为6m长。挖掘地的操作高度可满足打桩要求，用制作的专门吊装钢板桩的钢丝绳、吊钩逐一吊起。设支护线按照方案设计的支护间距，逐根打入，深度为桩顶与平整场地标高平为准，最后沟槽两侧的钢桩打入完毕后，制作纵向和横向的支撑，严格按照方案设计把打入钢板桩纵向连接，然后再开挖一定深度开始焊接横撑。横撑应采用工字钢，两端与纵撑焊接牢固。当下管时临时拆除中间支撑，下管完毕立即恢复。在钢管对口焊接之前所有钢板桩应维持现状，不得随意挪动。工作坑处的钢板桩必须等超声破检测、防腐配合完毕回填土至管顶后，方可拔出工作坑的钢板桩，因此在施工中必须配备足够数量的回转槽钢材料，以保证工程进度顺利进行。五、排水措施
8、由于地水位高，旁边为常年存水区地下水渗透速度快，现场施工管道时，需采取有效排水措施，拟采用5kw排水泵2台，15kw小发电机1台,派专人专业从事排水、抽水，随时做好排水工作，尤其是焊工工作坑处。绝对保证不能满水至管底，而影响焊接质量。六、现场安全文明措施104国道边施工时不但要保证管道施工安全，而且要保证国道路基的安全性，每天要对沿线进行沉降观测，做好施工记录，发现异常及时上报领导部门并采取必要的加固措施。另外在此处施工时，由于国道线上车流量大、行人多，要做好现场的安全防护工作，警示牌、夜间警示灯、场地维护要落实好，进入施工现场必须戴安全帽，闲杂人员不得靠近施工现场，项目部配备专职安全巡视员，
9、对现场的用电和机械经常检查，并做到以下几点：1、进入现场必须遵守安全生产六大纪律。 2、挖土中发现管道、电缆及其他埋设物应及时报告，不得擅自处理。 3、挖土中要注意土壁的稳定性，发现有裂缝及倾坍趋势时，人员要立即撤离并及时处理。 4、人工挖土，前后操作人员间距离不小于23m，堆土要在lm以外，并且高度不得超过1.5m. 5、应检查土壁及支撑稳定情况，在确保安全的正常情况下继续工作。 6、机械操作中进铲不宜过深，提升不宜过猛。 7、机械不得在输电线路下工作，若在输电线路一侧工作时，不论何种情况，机械的任何部位与架空输电线路的最近距离应符合安全操作规程要求。 8、机械应停在坚实的地基上，如基础承载
10、力不够，应采取走道板等加固措施，不得将挖土机履带与基坑平行2m停、驶。运土汽车也不能靠近基坑平行行驶，防止塌方翻车。 9、电缆两侧lm范围内应采用人工挖掘。 10、配合拉铲清坡、清底的工人，不准在机械回转半径下工作。 11、当沟槽开挖超过2米时，上下沟槽时设置一定数量临时上下施工梯，严禁攀爬钢板桩上下。七、突发事件应急预案（一）沟槽（基坑）防坍方、涌水应急预案沟槽（基坑）开挖掌子面始终存有钢板桩、抽水设备、注浆设备、草袋等抢险物资，一旦出现沟槽（基坑）开挖坍方、涌砂、涌水时：1、立即停止开挖作业，所有人员立即撤至地面等待命令；2、立即集中引排水，立即补打钢板桩或水泥搅拌桩，铺设草袋对坍体进行封
11、堵和反压。3、注水泥水玻璃双液浆进行加固土体。（二）现行道路防沉降应急预案开挖沟槽（基坑）时可能引起现行道路沉降，造成路面下沉过大，发现情况时，采取的措施为：1、立即停止向前开挖，在道路边密排打设拉桑钢板桩；2、地面加强措施为在道路周边3.0m 范围内采用注浆进行加固土体，地面注浆材料采用双液浆，注浆压力0.51.0Mpa，土体加固深度为10.0m。（三）基坑（沟槽）工程施工阶段的防淹措施考虑到雨季多发生在3月至9月,季风还不定期出现。为了确保工程不受影响，拟采取以下措施：1、施工场地内预先开挖临时导水沟，防止地面水流入通道及竖井内，同时备足抽水泵排除积水。2、在基坑开挖阶段，则需先建立地面明
12、排水系统，排水系统的设计要满足使用要求，同时在基坑内也要开挖导沟和集水坑，排水利用潜水泵或泥浆泵。3、在整个施工阶段要从人员、设备、材料和制度做好充分的准备工作，一旦遇到险情能迅速投入抢险工作。4、对于雨季施工，要及时了解天气信息遇到暴雨天气要委派专人值班，掌握施工现场情况并及时汇报。（四）、防汛抗台应急预案项目部应根据灾情及时向上级有关部门报告，并根据现场情况调集抢险队员和物资、器械赶赴现场，后勤保障及联络要按项目部指令，及时进入岗位开展工作。台风到来之前，防汛抗台小组对施工现场进行一次彻底的安全大检查，检查临设和围墙的情况；检查外脚手架特别是搭接处有无松动；基坑支护的加固措施是否符合施工方
13、案的要求；现场排水系统是否畅通；施工现场的材料堆放避免紧靠围墙堆放；施工现场用电、机具设备的使用是否符合施工现场安全技术的要求。台风到来时，现场施工人员一律停止施工。台风过后，清点并整理现场，并向有关人员上报损失记录。2010年6月6日（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the and , lead to safe
14、guard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violation
15、s of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the and
16、 is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Con
17、stitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with and . To firmly establish the d
18、iscipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the as morality,
19、 politics and brought to fruition; to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart
20、 has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not g
21、ood, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important
22、 thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlight
23、enment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When
24、no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassab
25、ility is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Dont always take everything
26、back to things, and dont get into a blind alley, dont want to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to
27、tell the best friend, Im afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luc
28、k; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to
29、their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know
30、, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people
31、 care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found
32、a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, maam, like a movie, learn to ap
33、preciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in
34、a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also cant let everyone like you, so also do not want to
35、do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful
36、 water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, the
37、re is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind
38、 too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long
39、as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, i
40、ndifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populati
41、ons, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please dont despair, the coast is still, if the fate of the withered petals of the beautiful, please do
42、not sink, the spring is still, life will always be endless trouble, please dont helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is good to cherish their own. 21, life, select the complex, is to choos
43、e the pain; choose a simple, is choose to be happy. The complex world like aSignificance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple world as a simple log cabin outside ridiculed shabby, the heart is
44、 willing to go live to know the joy. Suffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, life is constantly pursuit. Dont miss to regret, dont wait for old j
45、ust miss. Time to return, seize every moment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others
46、 put the stone is very easy, because the stone from the appearance we can discern; difficult to myself to move away the heart of stone head. Leave time to spend with her, often reflect my heart, so as to remove your heart of stone. 24, everything does not have to be demanding, come to, everything do
47、es not have to care about, over the past; failing to do not frown, laugh it laugh. Results Dont demand, do to; life is a simple, calm and peaceful. Always not to choose their own path and regret, life is like a train, the scenery and then the United States will retreat, the passage of time and encou
48、nter will eventually drifting further and further away, before is always himself. 25, everyone has a weakness, weakness is true humanity. That has no weakness, a shallow person. That people think there is no weakness, mostly false. Life has shortcomings, there are shortcomings is the real life. That no one regret, or childish or numbness or Self deception. It is in tolerance of weakness and so on to accept, people live happily.Hello, everyone! I am a party member. The title of my speech is: study and implement th