《大型深基础施工方案和施工组织设计》.doc

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1、大型深基础施工方案和施工组织设计班级:姓名:摘要:本工程位于石景山区八大处高科技园区C13街坊,西临西井村路,南临苹果园北路。总建筑面积为45170M2,地上35833M2,地下9337M2。为现浇钢筋砼剪力墙结构,梁式筏板基础,地下二层,地上十一至十八层。地上二层为框支结构转换层,三层以上为短肢剪力墙结构。建筑檐口高度为50.80M,局部檐口高度为56.4M。0.000=69.460,基础埋深为9.7M。关键词 :本工程 桩基 施工方案 混凝土Abstract: The project is located in Shijingshan District Badachu Hi-Tech Pa

2、rk C13 Kaifong west of West Imura Road, south of the apple orchard North Road. The total construction area of 45170M2, ground 35833M2, underground 9337M2. Eleven to ten eight-story cast-in-place reinforced concrete shear wall structure, beam raft foundation, basement level, ground. On the ground flo

3、or of the box support structure conversion layer, three more than the short shear wall structure. Building eaves height of 50.80M, local eaves height of 56.4M. 0.000 = 69.460, the foundation depth-9.7M.Keywords:This project Pile Foundation Construction program Concrete1.基础阶段施工部署1.1施工流程工程定位放线土方机械开挖土方

4、修边(排水)凿桩头排承台、地梁片石浇捣承台、地梁垫层混凝土工程定位复核砌筑砖胎膜砖胎膜外回填排板底片石(桩基验收)浇捣板底垫层混凝土基础钢筋安装帮扎(钢筋隐蔽工程验收)浇捣基础混凝土2.施工前准备工作2.1 技术准备技术准备:项目部组织相关职能部门及分包单位按专业熟悉图纸,了解设计意图,找出图纸中的遗漏、错误、矛盾和不明的问题。在基础施工期间要进行定位放线及高程引进工作,要求项目准备测量仪器,在有效检定周期内。摸清现场地下障碍物情况,拆除原有临建围挡。与政府各有关部门接洽,配合办理施工许可证、卫生防疫证,环保、卫生、治安、消防等手续和证件,同时与各有关单位取得联系。2.2、施工机具准备根据施工

5、组织设计中确定的施工方法、施工机具、设备的要求和数量以及施工机械的进场计划组织落实机械设备。施工前机械组对本项目即将用到的机械进行全面的检修,对所有仪器进行调校或送检,确保在项目的施工中正常运转。根据进度计划安排,施工人员、施工机械均按计划分批投入。开工后若发现进度落后的工序,立即采取措施,增加人力和机械设备,把进度落后的工序赶上去。2.3、 劳动力准备根据工程规模、结构特点和复杂程度,确定施工项目领导机构的人选和名额;遵循合理分工与密切协作、因事设职与因职选人的原则,建立有施工经验、有开拓精神和工作效率高的施工项目领导机构。按照开工日期和劳动力需要量计划,组织工人进场,安排好职工生活,并进行

6、全、防火和文明施工等教育。为落实施工计划和技术责任制,应按管理系统逐级进行交底。交底内容通常包括:工程施工进度计划和月、旬作业计划;各项安全技术措施降低成本措施和质量保证措施;质量标准和验收规范要求;以及设计变更和技术核定事项等,都应详细交底,必要时进行现场示范;同时健全各项规章制度,加强遵纪守法教育。2.4、 施工现场准备施工准备着重从组织、设备、技术、清理场地、地基处理、试验段的填筑工作着手。施工前,施工人员根据设计文件提供的资料,对路基范围内的地质、水文情况进行详细调查,通过取样、试验确定其性质和范围,了解附近既有建筑物对特殊土的处理方法;对取自挖方、借土场的路堤填料进行复查和取样试验。

7、技术人员全面熟悉设计文件,会同设计单位进行核对、交桩、复测、放样、按要求清理现场地表,并按规范及设计文件要求施工,对地基表层按要求进行翻松和压实处理,达到规定的密实度, 采用相同的填料和压实设备进行试验,以确定土方工程正确的工艺参数。 将原地面所有植物及有机质杂物全部清除干净,集中堆放在路基填筑范围外或全部运往弃土场,并报请监理工程师检查合格。 3. 大型深基础施工方案3.1、监测方式与方法3.11、地面沉降、桩顶水平位移沉降观测使用仪器是精密水准仪和铟合金水准尺。桩顶水平位移使用全站仪。这些都是常用的测量仪器。在这里要注意的是,要使用相同的仪器,在相同的位置上,由同一观测者按同一方案施测。而

8、且测量控制点要安全,其位置不要设在变形、位移区内。3.1.2、围护结构、被围护土体的侧向位移围护结构和被围护土体的侧向位移监测使用的仪器是测斜仪。测斜仪是一种可以精确地测量沿铅垂方向土层或围护结构内部水平位移的工程测量仪器,可以用来测量单向位移,也可以测量双向位移,再由两个方向的位移求出其矢量和,得到位移的最大值和方向。本工程采用加拿大RockTest公司制造的测斜仪,精度0.5mm;测斜管采用70高精度PVC专用测斜管,单位测量深度为0.5m.3.2、测斜管的埋设围护桩内的测斜管在吊放钢筋笼之前,就绑扎在钢筋上,随钢筋笼一起放入桩孔内;土体内的测斜管就在预定的测斜管埋设位置钻孔。根据基坑的开

9、挖总深度,确定测斜管孔深。即假定基底标高以下某一位置处围护结构后的土体侧向位移为零,并以此作为侧向位移的基准。安装测斜管时,随时检查其内部的一对导槽,使其始终分别与坑壁走向垂直或平行。测斜管顶部和底部都要装上盖子,防止砂浆、泥浆及其他杂物入内。测斜管固定完毕后,用清水将测斜管内冲洗干净,将探头模型放入测斜管内,沿导槽上下滑行一遍,以检查导槽是否畅通无阻,滚轮是否有滑出导槽的现象。由于测斜仪的探头十分昂贵,在未确认测斜管导槽畅通时,不允许放入探头。测量测斜管管口坐标及高程,做出醒目标志,以利保护管口。现场测量前务必按孔位布置图编制完整的钻孔列表,以与测量结果对应。3.3、深基坑施工基坑排水、降水

10、方法 在土方开挖过程中,当开挖底面标高低于地下水位的基坑(或沟槽)时,由于土的含水层被切断,地下水会不断渗入坑内。地下水的存在,非但土方开挖困难,费工费时,边坡易于塌方,而且会导致地基被水浸泡,扰动地基土,造成工程竣工后建筑物的不均匀沉降,使建筑物开裂或破坏。因此,基坑槽开挖施工中,应根据工程地质和地下水文情况,采取有效地降低地下水位措施,使基坑开挖和施工达到无水状态,以保证工程质量和工程的顺利进行。3.3. 1、排水方法 基坑、沟槽开挖时降低地下水位的方法很多,本工程主要采用设明沟、集水井排水法。 为确保土方开挖时基坑边坡稳定,使坑内无积水,采取如下措施。 (1)基坑外排水,采取在基坑周围设

11、1.2m宽散水护坡,将地表水截入场内明沟内,经三次沉淀后,进入城市地下水道。 (2)基坑内排水,采取在基坑底砖胎模侧形成集水沟,在集水沟两端挖掘集水井,具体尺寸如下:集水沟呈倒梯形,上口宽500mm,下口宽300mm,低于坑底0.5m。集水井孔径0.8m,低于坑底标高1m,放置潜水泵于集水井内,集水后用潜水泵接软管扬程流至场内明沟内。3.3. 2、排水机具的选用 基坑排水广泛采用动力水泵,一般有机动、电动、真空及虹吸泵等。 选用水泵类型时,一般取水泵的排水量为基坑涌水量的1.52倍。当基坑涌水量Q60 m3h,多用离心式水泵。隔膜式水泵排水量小,但可排除泥浆水,选择时应按水泵的技术性能选用。根

12、据实际水量的大小,决定采用降水机械的台数及型号。当基坑涌水量很小,亦可采用人力提水桶、手摇泵或水龙车等将水排出。3.4、基坑支护和土方开挖方案根据施工总进度计划网络图,将基坑支护(详见支护方案)和土方开挖划分为四个施工段,依次流水施工。支护施工和土方开挖应密切配合。分层分段进行合理交叉作业。待各施工段基坑支护施工完成后,紧接安排土方大开挖,使凿桩头、片石垫层及砖胎模等施工工序能有工作面,做到及时分段穿插跟进施工。根据计划工期,每段支护和土方开挖工期约为25天。每段土方量约为10000M3,实际施工时争取每段支护和土方控制在30天内完成,后期挖土收尾应控制在10天完成。在配合支护结构施工施工挖土

13、期间,应做好塔吊基础及安装好塔吊。土方总体开挖顺序由西南向东北进行(具体见挖土施工方案)。3.4.4、挖土注意事项1).为防止扰动基土,挖机挖土到板底以上20cm处,余土由人工修挖,塔由配合吊出坑外。2). 挖机挖土是不得钩挂工程桩,以免桩倾斜,移位或断裂。3).挖土每完成一块,应随即跟垫层封底施工,以免支护结构在最不利状态下受荷过久发生意外 。4).支护结构施工和支护阶段,挖土必须密切配合,协调作业。3.5、基坑防护措施3.5.1、在基础开挖期间,为防止塌方保证边坡的稳定性,随施工进度对边坡进行土钉墙支护,详见海特花园商住楼基坑支护设计与施工方案。3.5.2、在基坑边缘搭设安全防护栏杆1、防

14、护栏杆支搭要求:护身栏杆两道,高度为0.6米和1.2米,立杆间距2.0m,支撑间距为10m。扫地杆距地0.3cm 。2、立杆下栽钢筋,保证立杆的稳定性。3、防护栏内挂密目安全网。并用网绳帮扎牢固。4、防护栏杆涂刷警戒色:红白相间,间距为30CM。5、防护栏杆处设红灯泡,以示警示,防止人员坠落。6、防护栏杆距槽边距离为400900(因现场实际情况)。7、为保证边坡土体的稳定性,在做护坡的同时,向上返1.5m的散水,内配6200钢筋。散水坡度为3%,向外侧流水。8、在防护栏杆下砌20CM高宽115mm的挡水墙。9、在现场东侧有一新建粪池,因距槽太近,施工完后不进行回填,待主楼基础施工完一起回填。故

15、在此处搭设满堂红脚手架,上满铺脚手板,以防护,立杆间距1.5米横杆间距1.2米,脚手板用8号铅丝与16 的钢筋邦扎牢固。同时做为生活区与办公区的通道。3.6.基坑支护体系的选型作为保证基坑开挖稳定的支护体系包括挡墙和支撑两部分,其中挡墙的主要作用是挡土,而支撑的作用是保证结构体系的稳定,若挡墙结构足够强,能够满足开挖施工稳定的要求,该支护体系中可以不设支撑构件,否则应当增加支撑构件(或结构)。对于支护体系组成中任何一部分的选型不当或产生破坏,都会导致整个支护体系的失败。因此,对挡墙和支撑都应给予足够的重视。挡墙的选型,工程中常用的挡墙结构有下列一些型式:1钢板桩2钢筋棍凝土板桩3钻孔灌注桩挡墙

16、4H型钢支柱(或钢筋混凝土桩支柱)、木挡板支护墙5地下连续墙6深层搅拌水泥土桩挡墙7旋喷桩帷幕墙除上述者外,还有用人工挖孔桩(我国南方地区应用不少)、预制打入钢筋混凝土桩等作为支护结构挡墙的。支护体系挡墙的选型,涉及技术因素和经济因素,要从满足施工要求、减少对周围的不利影响、施工方便、工期短、经济效益好等几方面,并经过技术经济比较后方可加以确定,而且支护结构挡墙选型要与支撑选型、地下水位降低、挖土方案等配套研究确定。4、质量保证措施4.1、对定位桩、标准水准点等,挖运时不得碰撞。4.2、积极配合总包方技术测量人员,防止超挖错挖。6.3、遵守各项法规,防止事故发生。4.4、严格按照施工方案施工,

17、合理安排工序。4.5、施工前应熟悉工程地质勘察资料,了解现场地形、地貌及滑坡迹象等情况;4.6、尽量遵循先整治后开挖的施工程序;4.7、应先作好地面和地下排水设施;4.8、严禁在滑坡体上部弃土或堆放材料;4.9、必须遵循由上自下的开挖顺序,严禁先切除边坡;4.10、在土方外运期间注意环保。4.11、土方开挖工程中应与护坡施工密切配合,保证工程进展顺利。4.12、整个土方随护坡进度,做一步挖一步。4.13、土方开挖过程中应注意地下管线,如遇地下管线应及时通知有关单位以于处理。4.14、在土方开挖过程中,如出现滑坡迹象(如裂缝、滑动等)时,应立即采取下列措施:施工必要时,所有人员和机械撤至安全地点

18、;对事故地段进行处理,必要时进行局部回填;通知设计单位提出处理措施;d)根据滑动迹象设置观测点,观测滑坡体平面位移和沉降变化,并作好记录;5、安全生产与文明施工51、安全措施1.建立健全安全生产的各项规章制度,加强安全教育工作,使安全工作有章可循。落实安全生产责任制,做到人人管安全,人人重视安全,人人做好安全生产。2.做好现场的安全管理工作,在现场醒目之处设立安全标语和安全警示牌。建立以项目经理为首的,完整的现场安全网络体系。3.做好安全交底工作,施工员在下达生产任务时,对安全生产要作书面交底,要交措施交办法,做到谁负责施工、谁负责安全。工作班组要过好每周一次安全活动日,总结上周的不安全因素提

19、出改进的方法,把安全事故苗子消灭的萌芽状态。4.对所发生的安全事故,要以三不放过后的原则,一抓到底,并提出改进措施。5.工人做到遵章守纪,凡是机、电方面的工作,非专职操作人员,严禁动用机械和电气。6.做好建筑工地上的十大安全工作。加强六口上的防护工作,避免高空坠落物体打击和机电伤害。进入施工现场一律戴好安全帽,高空悬空作业和危险地区要系好安全带,严禁赤脚,穿拖鞋和硬底鞋进入施工现场。7.加强劳动保护工作,专责安全员要做好劳动保护用品的计划申报工作,由材料部门统一购买合格产品并发放到人。8.做好劳逸结合,使工人的休息时间得到保证。工人加班加点要有限度,不得过分延长工作时间。9.做好防暑降温和雨季

20、的安全工作。10.严禁工人共聚赌斗殴,严禁洒后进入现场操作。11.对不合格的劳保用品,如安全帽,安全带,安全网一经发现,随时更换。12.凡违反安全操作规程,视情节轻重,后果大小给予罚款、退场、直至追究刑事责任。13.为了防止主体结构完成后各层电梯井,管道预留井,天台、升降机、卸料平台等出入口安全,用10200及6300钢筋焊接成安全门在各层处设置,并做好标记专人管理。14.在各层楼板面上电焊或电渣压力焊时,应自带灭火器及下班后检查各处有没有火种存在以保安全。5.2、文明施工1.加强文明施工,搞好工地卫生,保证工地整洁。2.作业地点保持干净,做到工完场清,工完料清,保持环境卫生,避免浪费。3.说

21、文明话,做文明事,做文明人,遵守工地的各项规章制度,遵守政府的法律、法令。4.做到合理安排工作时间,重点控制砼的浇筑时间,杜绝工地夜间噪声拢民。5.严禁浪费现象发生,严禁乱丢材料和工具。 6.现场道路必须畅通无阻,保证材料物资的顺利进场。排水沟要畅通,场地整洁无积水,材料堆放整齐,无建筑垃圾。7.对施工现场进行不定时的检查和督促,发现问题,及时解决。8.每月进行一次文明施工大检查,并将检查结果做好记录,文明施工记录等资料由工地资料员整理后归档存查。六、结束语经过一段时间的学习和工作,我终于完成了大型深基础施工方案和施工组织设计。从开始接到论文题目到设计方案的确定,再到论文文章的完成,每一步对我

22、来说都是新的尝试和挑战。这也是我在大学期间独立完成的最大项目。在这段时间里,我学到了很多知识也有很多感受。通过这次设计我开始独立的学习和探索,查看相关的资料和书籍,让自己头脑模糊的大概到逐渐清晰,使自己的设计逐步完善起来,每一次改进都使我受益颇丰。参考文献 1作者: 赵志缙 应惠清 , 期刊名建筑施工,页码:5672 2作者:王寿华 ,期刊名建筑施工手册,页码:123827893作者:郝广发 ,期刊名房屋建筑,页码:54654地基与基础工程施工验收范(GB50202-2002)。5混凝土结构施工及验收规范(GB50204-2002).6建筑基坑工程技术规范(YB9258-97)7建筑边坡工程技

23、术规范(GB50330-20028建筑基坑工程监测技术规范(GB50498-2009)9建筑地基处理技术范(JGJ79-2002J220-2002)10建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准(GBJ50300-2001)11工程测量规范(GB50026-2007)12建筑变形测量规范(JGJ/T8-2007)13建筑机械使用安全技术规程(JGJ33-2001J119-2001)14建筑施工安全检查标准(JGJ59-2011)15建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范(GB50202-2002)Opinions and suggestions on the partys mass line educationa

24、l practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee about carrying out the partys mass line educational practice activity in the citys implementation opinions, the spirit of the partys mass line educational practice activities from

25、20* in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requireme

26、ntsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Com

27、mittee really, opinions and advice , party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step method, in accordance with the look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of for the people pragmatic honest people as th

28、e theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and The opposition party and government a

29、usterity waste regulations , double section provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the twelve plan and the implementation measures for on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, burea

30、ucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest

31、and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice

32、activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches, ea

33、ch single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service ind

34、ustry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the part

35、ys education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay mo

36、re attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not emp

37、ty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the countys education practice is to seize against four wind this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the

38、 style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the

39、 card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a) focus on solving the four winds out

40、standing issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in image project, political project, a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are counter

41、measures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, som

42、ething difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain

43、profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverag

44、e of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horiz

45、ons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination

46、and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management o

47、f education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structur

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