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1、at once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. The police had a difficult time, but they were most amused. Jumbo must weigh a few tons, said a policeman afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arre
2、st him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.Lesson66 Sweet as honey! 像蜜一样甜！The Hatheld Puffin is a modern aero-plane, but its designer, Mr John Wimpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground. The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. Its pilot has
3、to pedal hard to get it into the air. After Mr Wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly. In 1961, it was the first man-powered aircraft to fly half a mile. While being flown by a champion amateur cyclist in 1963, the plane crashed on an airfield. Since then, Mr Wimpenny has had it rebu
4、ilt. He has had the length of the wings increased so that they now measure 93 feet-almost as long as those of a Dakota. Many people have shown interest in this new and unusual sport. But though air cyclists may learn how to fly over short distances, and may, eventually, even get across the English C
5、hannel, it is doubtful whether they will ever cycle across the Atlantic.Lesson67 Volcanoes 火山Haroun Tazieff the Polish scientist, has spent his life-time studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he l
6、ater named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatene
7、d to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time. He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked hi
8、s life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive. Lesson68 Persistent 纠缠不休I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy meeting Ber
9、t Dykes. He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.Hullo, Bert, I said. Fancy meeting you here !Hullo, Elizabeth, Bert answered. I was just wondering how to spend the m
10、orning-until I saw you. Youre not busy doing anything, are you ? No, not at all, I answered. Im going to. .Would you mind my coming with you ? he asked, before I had finished speaking. Not at all, I lied, but Im going to the dentist. Then Ill come with you, he answered. Theres always plenty to read
11、in the waiting room !lesson69 But not murder! 并非谋杀！I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. Sure that I had passed, I was alm
12、ost beginning to enjoy my test. The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, I want the car to be stopped immediately. I continued
13、 driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward. The examiner looked at me sadly. Mr Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed t
14、hat child ! lesson70 Red for danger 危险的红色During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remar
15、ks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into
16、cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.Less
17、on71 A famous clock 一个著名的大钟When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C. If the Houses of Parliament had hot been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. Big Ben takes its name
18、from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built. It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day. On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock
19、when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down ! Lesson72 A car called Bluebird
20、 “蓝鸟”汽车The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah. Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him. It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2500
21、 horse-power engine. Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run. After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour. However, a few days l
22、ater, he was told that a mistake had been made. His average speed had been 301 miles per hour. Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 400 miles an hour. Following his fathers footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolms son, Donald, also set up a world record. Like his father, he wa
23、s driving a car called Bluebird.Lesson73 The record-holder 纪录保持者Little boys who play truant from school are unimaginative. A quiet days fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get. They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while pla
24、ying truant, travelled 1600 miles. He hitch- hiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais. No one noticed the boy as he crept off. From there, he hitch-hiked to Pa
25、ris in a lorry. The driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city. The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border. There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back t
26、o England by the local authorities. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of boys who dream of evading school.Lesson74 Out of the limelight 舞台之外An ancient bus stopped by a dry river bed and a party of famous actors and actresses got off. Dressed in dark glasses and old clothes, they had ta
27、ken special precautions so that no one should recognize them. But as they soon discovered, disguises can sometimes be too perfect.This is a wonderful place for a picnic, said Gloria Gleam. It couldnt be better, Gloria, Brinksley Meers agreed. No newspaper men, no film fans! Why dont we come more oft
28、en ? Meanwhile, two other actors, Rockwall Slinger and Merlin Greeves, had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees. When they had all made themselves comfortable, a stranger appeared. He looked very angry. Now you gut out of here, all of you! he shouted: Im sheriff here. Do y
29、ou see that notice ? It says No Camping-in case you cant read ! Look, sheriff, said Rockwall, dont be too hard on us. Im Rockwall Slinger and this is Merlin Greeves. Oh, is it ? said the sheriff with a sneer. Well, Im Brinksley Meers, and my other name is Gloria Gleam. Now you get out of here fast !
30、lesson75 SOS 呼救信号When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt. It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest vi
31、llage was miles away. When it grew dark. she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. During the night, it got terribly cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it
32、 was too small. Early ,next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters SOS in the snow. Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. It was not long before a helicopter
33、arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.Lesson76 April Fools Day 愚人节To end our special news bulletin, said the voice of the television announcer, we are taking you to the macaroni fields of Calabria. Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. Two of the
34、leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Ricardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cart-loads of golden brownmacaroni stalks. The whole v
35、illage has been working day and night gathering and threshing this years crop before the September rains. On the right, you can see Mrs Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now. Mrs Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. Th
36、is last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest : the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition ! Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1961. And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April 1st. We are now returning you to the studio.L
37、esson77 A successful operation 一例成功的手术The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out
38、whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found som
39、ething which the X-ray of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placedinside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfull
40、y survived the operation. Lesson78 The last one? 最后一枝吗？After reading an article entitled Cigarette Smoking and Your Health I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and dur
41、ing this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper年产7000吨金针菇、杏鲍菇等食用菌可行性报告xxx食用菌有限公司二O一O年七月年产7000吨金针菇、杏鲍菇等食用菌可行性报告第一章 项目背景及意义食用菌作为国际公认的健康食品，在国内外市场极为畅销，近年来，全球食用菌产业的发展速度很快，每年以7-10%的速度增长，而我国年增长速度更是高达20%左右，并保持良好的增长态势。由于食用菌尤其是食药兼用的菌类具有高蛋白、低脂肪、
42、高维生素、低热量的特点，含有丰富的无机盐类和可食性纤维素，富含氨基酸、真菌多糖、微量元素等营养成分，对提高人体免疫力、防癌抗癌、抗衰老等具有明显的食疗价值。食用菌不但营养丰富，而且味道鲜美。它符合联合国粮农组织倡导的二十一世纪天然、营养、健康的保健食品要求，因而倍受人们的青睐。目前发达国家年人均占有蘑菇量已达20公斤，而我国仅5公斤。随着人们生活水平和科学膳食意识的不断提高，食用菌市场发展潜力很大。因此，开发食用菌产业具有广阔的市前景和良好的经济效益。xxx县发展食用菌生产具有得天独厚的优势，为了促进高效农业发展，近两年当地政府把食用菌作为主导产业来抓,目前已经形成远近闻名的工厂化栽培金针菇产
43、业集群,有利于带动品质更优的杏鲍菇产业发展。xxx县是国家级生态示范县，丰富的意杨树林造成的气候条件也特别适宜食用菌的生产，农村经济主要以种植业和林业为主，农副产品下脚料如玉米芯、棉籽壳及木材加工产品下脚料木屑等到资源非常丰富，这些正是金针菇、杏鲍菇等食用菌生产的主要原料。当地劳动力资源丰富，食用菌是劳动密集型产业，发展食用菌生产为返乡农民工提供更多的就业机会。xxx县位于全国首批开放城市连云港的南大门，2009年6月，国务院常务会通过了江苏沿海地区发展规划，其中明确提出连云港经济规划以港口经济和现代高效农业为主，省政府更明确了具体项目规划，这为该项目的发展提供强有力的政策支持，326、327
44、省道横贯县域东西，204国道和沿海、宁连高速纵穿南北，交通便捷，货运畅通。食用菌产业销售地主要集中在环渤海地区、长三角地区、珠三角地区。连云港目前已被纳入“长三角经济圈”，从xxx到达南京、上海只需2-4个小时，将来高铁通车还可以融入上海1小时经济圈，对产品销售非常有利。珍稀食用菌杏鲍菇（Pleurotus eryngii），是一种品质优良的大型伞菌，菌肉洁白肥厚，质地脆嫩，味如杏仁及鲍鱼，营养丰富，素有“平菇王”之称，食之可以改善胃肠功能，并有明显的美容效果，入药有降血压和降血脂的作用，深受国内外消费者的青睐。而且产量较高，一般纯棉籽壳或棉籽壳与木屑混合料，生物转化率可达60%左右。杏鲍菇属
45、低温性品种，出菇温度为13-18。该品种在国内外市极为畅销，如进行工厂化生产，周年供货，每吨售价达8000-16000元人民币，价格看好，效益可观。金针菇学名毛柄金钱菌，又称毛柄小火菇、构菌、朴菇、冬菇、朴菰 、冻菌、金菇、智力菇等，英文为:ENIKI MUSHROOM，植物学名为Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing.。因其菌柄细长，似金针菜，故称金针菇，属伞菌目白蘑科金针菇属，是一种菌藻地衣类。金针菇具有很高的药用食疗作用。工厂化周年栽培金针菇、杏鲍菇是近年来迅速发展起来的现代化食用菌生产技术，其特点为工厂化周年生产，实行环境控制智能化，生产操作自动化，产品质量标准
46、化，产品符合出口标准。本项目建设符合国家的产业政策方向，适合本地自然条件，有利于开发新优品种，促进当地食用菌产业升级，带动食用菌产品出口外销，为实现把xxx县打造成全省最大、全国知名的食用菌之乡的目标，促进当地食用菌健康持续发展具有重要意义。第二章 市场分析及预测一、我国食用菌产销情况 我国是食用菌生产大国，每年生产600多万吨各种食用菌，这极大地丰富了人民的物质生活。但品种主要集中蘑菇、香菇、木耳、平菇等全国普遍栽培的几种食用菌上，而且生产主要集中在秋、冬季节。现在逐渐增加了杏鲍菇、灵芝、竹荪、鸡腿菇、杨树菇、大球盖菇、阿魏菇等20多种，品种达30余种，但在高温的夏季，采用传统技术大部分食用
47、菌还无法生产，栽培的品种更少。我国食用菌产品主要靠内销，食用菌历来作为高端食品出现在人们的餐桌上，通常只有逢年过节才有机会吃上。近年来，随着人们收入水平的迅速提高，消费能力迅速增强，但由于生产能力不足，价格仍居高不下。目前我国人均年占有量仅5公斤，不及发达国家的四分之一。通过工厂化生产，将有助于食用菌产量的迅速提高，人们购买新鲜食用菌更加便易，需求量和消费量也将明显增加。我国食用菌产品的出口主要是干菇、鲜菇和盐渍菇，其中以鲜茹出口效益最高。二、世界主要国家食用菌产销情况 在全球范围内，食用菌的生产主要集中在亚洲和欧美，日本是亚洲的食用菌生产大国，1990年食用菌总产值（除双孢菇外地达2769亿
48、日元。日本的食用菌栽培技术和设备先进，已实现生产的园艺化和机械化，部分产品实现了周年生产周年供应。在国际市场上，日本香菇由于质量上乘每吨卖价达2.8-3.2万美元，比我国香菇的每吨0.8-1.2万美元高出近2倍。韩国也是亚洲主要的食用菌生产国，利用稻草作为栽培原料年产平茹3万吨，蘑菇2万吨。韩国香茹在国际上也很有竞争力，是日本的主要竞争对手，年出口约450吨。在欧洲，法国是最大的食用菌生产国，双孢菇年产量20-22万吨（鲜），产量仅次于美国，居世界第二位，是德国和欧洲蘑菇的供应基地。法国还建有欧洲最大的蘑菇菌种生产中心，生产谷粒菌种，销售到各个国家。荷兰的蘑菇栽培技术非常先进，已经实现了机械采
49、菇，蘑菇产量15万吨左右。荷兰还建有蘑菇堆肥中心，向国外出口蘑菇堆肥。英国是欧洲的主要蘑菇生产国，大小菇场约500个年产量12万吨左右，主要用于本国市场。德国的蘑菇产量约5万吨。不足部分主要从荷兰、法国和中国进口。杏鲍菇人工栽培研究起始于法国、意大利和印度，首次开展人工栽培试验，日本于上世纪90年代实现商品性工厂化生产。三、金针菇、杏鲍菇市场分析金针菇据测定，金针菇氨基酸的含量非常丰富，高于一般菇类，尤其是赖氨酸的含量特别高，赖氨酸具有促进儿童智力发育的功能。金针菇干品中含蛋白质8.87%，碳水化合物60.2%，粗纤维达7.4%，经常食用可防治溃疡病。最近研究又表明，金针菇内所含的一种物质具有很好的抗癌作用。金针菇既是一种美味食品，又是较好的保健食品，金针菇的国内外市场日益广阔。金针菇人工栽培技术并不复杂，只要能控制好环境条