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1、Reading-Centered Activities,Part Two,1. In-Class Reading,2. After-Class Reading,In-Class Reading,Post-Reading,A Merry Christmas,Background Information,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,Part Two: In-Class Reading Background Information,Background Information,The Origin of Christmas,The Most Popular Chr
2、istmas Customs,The Spirit of Christmas,Christmas Songs and Carols,Christmas is a holiday when people celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ. Jesus was born in Bethlehem in ancient Judea (古巴勒斯坦的南部地区). No one knows exactly when Jesus was born. The year 1 A.D., from which most modern calendars are based,
3、is supposed to be the year of his birth. But historians now know that he was actually born several years before that time. Christmas began to be celebrated on Dec. 25 since the 4th century.,Why did people start to celebrate Christmas?,Part Two: In-Class Reading Background Information,The spirit of C
4、hristmas is the spirit of caring and sharing with others. Christianity, the major religious faith in the U.S., is based on the teachings and life of Jesus Christ. There are about one billion Christians worldwide. They all believe in Jesuss ideas of equality, care for the weak, forgiveness, and love
5、and kindness to all.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Background Information,What is the spirit of Christmas?,Part Two: In-Class Reading Background Information,How do people celebrate Christmas?,Christmas celebrations are characterized by decorating the house and the Christmas tree, feasting, buying and s
6、ending gifts and cards, family reunion, etc.,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading Background Information,Silent Night,Glories stream from heaven afar, Heavnly hosts sing, “alleluia!“ Christ, the Savior is born! Christ, the Savior is born! Silent night! Holy night! Son of God, loves pure light!
7、 Radiant beams from thy holy face! With the dawn redeeming grace, Jesus, Lord at thy birth! Jesus, Lord at thy birth!,Silent night! Holy night! All is calm, all is bright! Round young virgin mother and child! Holy infant, so tender and mild. Sleep in heavenly peace! Sleep in heavenly peace! Silent n
8、ight! Holy night! Shepherds quake at the sight!,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,Global Reading,Organization Analysis,Points For or Against Christmas,Multiple Choices,Summary,Group Discussion,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,Para.1-4 Points against Christmas.,Holidays and Special D
9、ays,1. Organization Analysis,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,1. Organization Analysis,Part I (Para.1-4) Main Idea: Points against Christmas. Para.1 Christmas is now a holiday of drinking. Para.2 Christmas is an occasion to spend too much money. Para.3 Christmas has lost its original meanin
10、g. Para.4 Conclusion: Im against Christmas.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,Part II (Para.5-9) Main Idea: Points in favor of Christmas. Para.5 A woman who treats Christmas as I do. Para.6 A different attitude towards Christmas. Para.7 Christmas takes you out of the ordinary routine. Para.8
11、 At Christmas people are friendlier to each other than usual. Para.9 Christmas is still a “holy day”.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,2. Points For or Against Christmas,For,1) It is fun for children.,2) It gets you out of the usual routine.,3) People are friendlier.,4) Giving presents can
12、be very satisfying.,5) One can concentrate on non-commercial values.,6) It is a time to pause and reflect.,7) The preparation, like decorating the house, are fun.,8) It is a time to be with friends.,9) There are all kinds of delicious foods.,10) Its a holy day.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Read
13、ing,Against,1) It is an unchristian, and purely alcoholic occasion.,2) It is a waste of money.,3) People dont think about others who are less fortunate.,4) It is a wasteful and thoughtless ceremony.,5) Its all “humbug” or hypocritical.,6) People eat too much or eat food they dont want.,7) Its disapp
14、ointing for poor people who cant afford to spend a lot of money.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,3. Multiple Choices,1) According to Patrick Brendan, why would Christ be angry with the way people celebrate Christmas? _. A. They are spending too much money on presents. B. They are buying bo
15、ttles of spirits and are getting drunk. C. He would not like the sort of celebration carried out in his name.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,2) “Stomach Week” (line 28) means _ . A. a week in which we have stomach trouble B a week in which we have good appetite C. a week we eat more food
16、than we should,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,3) What does Lynne Knight think of those who are against Christmas celebrations? _. A. They have forgotten all the good things they experienced when they were children. B. They have gone to extremes and so their views should be ignored. C. The
17、y are too sophisticated to get involved in Christmas celebrations.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,4) Why are people friendlier to each other during the Christmas season? _. A. They hold no celebrations at any other time of the year. B. They are aware that they are sharing a similar experi
18、ence. C. They are deeply affected by the excitement brought by Christmas Day.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,5) As for children, when do celebrations begin? _. A. On Christmas Eve. B. On Christmas Day. C. Weeks before Christmas. 6) Which of the following is true according to Lynne Knight?
19、_. A. Christmas is commercial. B. Christmas is non-commercial. C. Christmas is both commercial and non-commercial.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,5. Summary: Filling in the blanks with proper words.,People have different attitudes towards Christmas. Some argue that for a large number of B
20、ritish people, Christmas has become an _, rather than a _ occasion. And it has also come to represent conspicuous _ when people tend to spend a lot of money, even more than they can _, on presents without thinking of the _ and the less fortunate. So in this way Christmas is a holiday that has lost i
21、ts original _.,alcoholic,afford,consumption,meaning,religious,poor,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,But according to some others, in spite of the commercial aspect of Christmas, its still a “_” day as it was supposed to be. First, its a time to get out of the ordinary _, esp
22、ecially for _ whose excitement lasts during all the Christmas _. Then everyone seems to be much _ to each other than usual at Christmastime. Whats more, giving presents can be very _, too, if you can think of the _ present for the right person.,holy,routine,children,friendlier,season,satisfying,righ
23、t,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,Group Discussion,The subtitle “More Stuffing?” is a play on words. The verb “to stuff” has several meanings, but there are two that come to mind at Christmas. First, “to stuff” means to overeat (to eat too much); second, “to stuff a chicken or a turkey” me
24、ans to put stuffing (a mixture of bread and seasonings) inside before it is cooked.,1) What do the two subtitles mean?,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading Global Reading,So in this case, the subtitle “More Stuffing?” means: “Do you want to stuff more into your stomach?” and “Would you like so
25、me more stuffing?” The latter is a polite question one would ask at the dinner table. The second subtitle “Not only for children” means that Christmas is not only a wonderful time for children but also for adults. It can also help adults get out of the ordinary routine of life.,Part Two: In-Class Re
26、ading Global Reading,2) Who do you agree with, Patrick Brendan or Lynne Knight? Can you give additional reasons to support his/her views?,Sample,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,Detailed Study,One-Minute Writing,Passage-Reading,Understanding Sentences,Word Study,Part Two: In-Class Reading
27、 Detailed Reading,A Merry Christmas More Stuffing? Patrick Brendan “Merry”, as you may know, has two meanings: happy and drunk. 1If youre like a large number of British people, then your Christmas will be an alcoholic, rather than a religious, occasion. Throughout the whole Christmas season which st
28、retches from early December to the end of the first week of January, you will spend hours drinking with friends, relatives and colleagues.2Whether you are surrounded by the noisy friendliness of a pub or whether you are seated in the peaceful comfort of someones home, you will be sipping away on a d
29、rink.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,If you walk down Piccadilly or Oxford Street just before Christmas, you will see an incredible amount of money being spent on electronic games, bottles of spirits, expensive clothes, CDs, cassettes, cameras, and a large number of luxury items. 3If yo
30、u walk down the main street of several towns in the East end of London just before Christmas, you wont see a large amount of money being spent on presents. 4If you have the money or if you are prepared to go into debt, you will participate in the conspicuous consumption that Christmas has come to re
31、present. If you are poor, you will feel sad and disappointed because you cannot give the gifts you would like to give to your loved ones.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,Christmas is supposed to be a time to express our love and goodwill towards others. It is supposed to be a time when w
32、e perform acts of kindness for people less fortunate than ourselves. But do we think of other people when we sit down to our Christmas dinner? Of course notwere too busy eating those delicious foods associated with Christmas. We are too busy wondering whether the presents we gave were as nice or bet
33、ter than the ones we received. We forget to think of the sick and the homeless. 5The whole idea of Christmas now is largely unchristianIm sure that Christ would be distressed if he could see what sort of celebrations are being carried out in his name.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,So I
34、m against ChristmasI agree with Scrooge: “Its all humbug.” 6If were going to continue with this wasteful, thoughtless ceremony, then lets be truthful about it, and call it “Stomach Week”but lets get rid of the hypocritical pretence that Christmas is “the season of goodwill”. Lets face it, Christmas
35、is a holiday that has lost its meaning.,Not Only for Children? Lynne Knight Recently, a rather sophisticated woman told me shyly that she saves up all her presents until Christmas morning and then sits up in bed and opens them, just like a child. She thought I would laugh at her and say how silly sh
36、e was. But in fact I was delighted to meet someone who treats Christmas as I do.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,Many people today have a very different attitude toward Christmas. They think its just a time when shopkeepers make a lot of money and everyone rushes round buying presents th
37、ey dont want to give and food they dont want to eat. But have they grown so far away from their own childhood that they cant remember all the good things?,First of all, Christmas takes you out of the ordinary routine of life. For children, the fun begins weeks before when the decorations are put up,
38、 and excitement gradually increases as December the 25th approaches.,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,Everyone seems much friendlier to each other than usual at Christmastime. You can lean out of a car window when youre stopped at the traffic lights and say “Merry Christmas”, and people w
39、ill smile and respond. You probably wouldnt think of doing that at any other time of the year. Perhaps its because most people are on holiday or because everyone knows that they are sharing a similar experience. Giving presents can be very satisfying, too, if you plan far enough in advance and reall
40、y think of the right present for the right person. 7Indeed, whatever shopkeepers gain out of Christmas, it is still a “holy day”, the words from which “holiday” is derived and it gives people time to pause and concentrate for a moment on non-commercial values. (695 words),Part Two: In-Class Reading
41、Detailed Reading,If youre like a large number of British people, then your Christmas will be an alcoholic, rather than a religious, occasion.,Translation,如果你像许多英国人那样，那么你的圣诞节将会是一个喝酒的而不是宗教的节日。,Q&A,Comments,Note the differences between “like” & “as”.,Understanding Sentences,Q: How do a large number of
42、British people celebrate their Christmas?,A: By drinking and eating a lot.,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,点 评,like与as的区别 1) When referring to the similarities between people, things and actions, both as and like are used. 在谈 到人、事物、动作彼此有相同点或共同点时，使用like或as 均可。 a. “Like” is
43、 a preposition and is used before nouns and pronouns. like是介词，用于名词和代词之前。 e.g. Like me, she enjoys all kinds of music. b. “As” is a conjunction and is used before a clause. as是连词，用于从句之前。 e.g. She enjoys all kinds of music, as I do.,Understanding Sentences,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading De
44、tailed Reading,c. In informal speech like is frequently used as a conjunction, replacing both as and as if. 在口语中，like常被用作连词，当作as和as if使用。 e.g. Nobody understands him like/as I do. It looks like/as if he wont arrive in time.,Understanding Sentences,Back to the text,2) 比较as和like用于职业或作用方面的用法。 e.g. She
45、worked as a teacher for many years. (She was a teacher.) Our doctor always talks to me like a teacher talking to a child. (He is not a teacher but he has the manner of one.),Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,2. Whether you are surrounded by the noisy friendliness of a pub or whether you ar
46、e seated in the peaceful comfort of someones home, you will be sipping away on a drink.,Translation,无论身处酒馆喧闹友好的气氛中，还是置身于安宁舒适的他人家里，你都会一小口一小口地喝个不停。,点 评,whether or (whether) 引导的选择状语从句。 连词whether的用法小结： 1. 用于从句或不定式之前以表达两者之间的选择 (1) 用作know, doubt, wonder等动词的宾语。,Understanding Sentences,To be continued,Part
47、Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,Examples,I dont know whether I will be able to come. Well be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not. I asked him whether he had done all the work himself or whether he had had any assistance. (Note that when there are two alternative clauses separ
48、ated by or, whether is repeated.) （注意：在两个表示选择的从句之间若用or 来连接，则需重复whether一词。） We are wondering whether to go today or tomorrow.,Understanding Sentences,To be continued,Part Two: In-Class Reading Detailed Reading,点 评,(2) used after adjectives and prepositions 用于形容词和介词 之后。,Understanding Sentences,Its dou
49、btful whether therell be any seats left. The question is whether to go to Munich or Vienna.,To be continued,She was undecided (about) whether she should accept his offer. He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train. It all depends on whether she likes the boss or not.,(3) used as the subject or predicative of a sentence 用 作句子的主语或表语。,Part Two: In-