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1、单句翻译,翻译是用一种语言切换成另一种语言的交际能力。高考中设立翻译题正是对考生在英语词汇、语法、句型结构等英语基础知识和实际运用能力的综合性考查，它能比较全面地反映考生的真实的英语水平。虽然高考中的汉译英多为一些简单句或简单的复合句，所考核的词汇也是些常用词，但是学生必须在比较两种语言的基础上，结合所学的语言知识翻译出不仅意思正确，而且符合英语表达习惯的好句子。,选择合适的词语,选择合适句型,选择合适的时态、语态和语气,注意 it 和 there 等特殊句型,掌握句子的基本句型,1. 主语+系动词+表语,The man was very funny.,3.主语+及物动词+宾语,2.主语+不及
2、物动词 (+状语),Yesterday Tom saw a film at the Peace Cinema.,She was walking along a river bank in the moonlight.,4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,掌握句子的基本句型,I saw the boy enter a toy shop.,My mother bought me a new dress.,掌握其它的基本句型,祈使句,Sit down, please.,感叹句,Let him go now.,How hard the stone is!,Wh
3、at a hard stone it is!,强调句,It was I who saw him on the street yesterday.,Tom did come to my wedding.,反意疑问句,Bob doesnt like swimming, does he?,插入疑问句,What do you think Tom is going to talk about at the meeting?,There be/ seem/ used to be句型,There is a map on the wall.,There used to be a church here.,Th
4、ere seems to have been a mistake-my name isnt on the list.,There is no doubt that everybody has a right to choose his own way of living.,There is no need,There is no point in.,There is no knowing / telling,It 句型,It is believed that many people were killed in that train accident.,It is in the house w
5、here Jane was born that we stayed one night.,It is important for me to study English.,It is no use / good crying now.,I find it important to learn a foreign language.,倒装句,Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boy. Only then did he understand it. So excited was he that he could not go to sleep last nigh
6、t. Never will I do it again. Had I known that, I wouldnt have done it.,并列句,He fell off his bike and hurt his leg. Study hard and youll succeed. I like swimming, but he doesnt. We must hurry or well be late. I couldnt find you so I left. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.,复合句-定语从句
7、,.,Where is the man who was here just now? Frank didnt like the schoolbag that his father bought for him,I want to find a house whose windows face south.,This is the house where we once lived.,Do you know the reason why he was late?,He won the game, which made us happy.,As (was) expected, he perform
8、ed the task with success.,主语从句 What you said is wrong. 表语从句 This is where he put his books. 宾语从句 I dont know when hell leave. 同位语从句 The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all.,复合句-名词性从句,时间状语从句 When I came in, he was reading. 地点状语从句 Please put the book where it was. 原因状语从句 He was
9、 absent because he was ill. 条件状语从句 Ill be back his evening unless it rain. 让步状语从句 Though he is young, he knows a lot of things. 目的状语从句 I got up early so that I could catch the first bus. 结果状语从句 Mary is so busy that she can hardly afford time for holidays. 比较状语从句 He is taller than I am. 方式状语从句 Do as
10、I say and sit down.,复合句-状语从句,注意汉英在表达上的不同,时态问题,在会议开始时，他向全体出席会议的人做了自我介绍。(present),At the beginning of the meeting, he introduced himself to all the people present.,我觉得这本英语简易读物对学过二三年的人是很合适的。(suitable),I find this simplified English book is suitable for those who have learned English for two or three ye
11、ars.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,时态问题,自从我给你写信，已过去两星期了。(It),Its two weeks now since I wrote to you.,搜索进行了五天才结束。(It),It was five days before the search was over.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,语态问题,学生的负担问题必须给与密切关注。(attention),The problem of students load must be paid close attention to.,据说决赛已推迟到下星期一上午。(postpone),The final is said to ha
12、ve been postponed till next Monday morning.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,语态问题,这种计算机卖得很好。(sell) This kind of computer sells well. 这本书值得一读。 (worth) This book is really worth reading. 这张桌子需要修理。(need) The desk needs repairing. 谁应对起火负责？(blame) Who is to blame for starting the fire? 昨晚发生了大火？(break) The fire broke out last
13、 night.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,语气问题,有人建议每个人要在会上发言。（suggest） It is suggested that everyone give a talk at the meeting. 没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得那么大的成就。(achieve) Without your help, we wouldnt have achieved so much. 他当时肯定知道马丽需要什么。 He must have known what she wanted.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,there 句型,现在急需有一本论述这个问题的参考书。 (need) Theres a gr
14、eat need for a reference book on the subject. 看来有几个理由要我们改变计划。(appear) There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,it 句型,汤姆明白表示他不同意。（it） Tom made it clear that he disagreed. 他发现交朋友不易。（it） He found it hard to make friends. 到时候你千万要准备好。(see) See to it that you are ready on tim
15、e. 我不带领带要紧吗？(matter) Does it matter if I dont wear a tie?,注意汉英在表达上的不同,It 句型,他打电话时，她恰巧不在家。(happen) It happened that she was out when he called. 这里距最近的加油站五英里。(near) It is five miles to the nearest gas station.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,It 句型,大量的砍树和使用杀虫剂肯定会扰乱生态平衡。(certain) It is certain that cutting down a large num
16、ber of trees and using insecticide will disturb the balance of nature. 据报道世界上百分之九十以上的国家参加了那个国际组织。（join） It is reported that over ninety percent of the countries in the world have joined international organization. 是在昨晚我去机场为他送行。（It） It was last night that I went to see him off at the airport.,注意汉英在表达
17、上的不同,倒装 句型,测验中他一个错误也没犯。(Not) Not a single mistake did he make in the test. 直到母亲来这女孩才停止哭。(Not) Not until the mother came did the baby stop crying. 不可能记下我说的每个字，也没有必要那么做。(Neither) It is impossible to take down every word I say. Neither is it necessary to do so.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,倒装 句型,他不但表扬他的学生，而且给了他们很多酬劳。 (
18、Not only) Not only did he praise his students but also he gave them a big reward. 天那么热我们睡不着觉。(So) So hot was the weather that we couldnt go to sleep. 只有在我家里他们才感到无拘无束。(Only) Only in my house do they feel at home.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,否定句型,太晚了，酒吧不会营业了。（open） Its too late for the bar to be open. 我认为它他同不同意并不重要。(
19、agree) I dont think it important whether he agrees or not. 这两本书我并不都喜欢。 I dont like both of the novels. (比较）这两本书我都不喜欢。 I like neither of the books.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,否定句型,我一点也不害怕。(bit) I was not a bit frightened. （比较）我吓坏了。 I was not a little frightened. 这展览会决不能说是失败，而是巨大的成功。(far from) The show is far from b
20、eing a failure; it was a great success. 这本书我完全看不懂。(beyond) This book is quite beyond my comprehension.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,否定句型,他是我最不想见的人。 He is the last man I want to see. 过街时愈当心愈好。(careful) You cannot be too careful in crossing the street. 那些书我怎么读也不够。(enough) I could not read enough of those books.,注意汉英在表
21、达上的不同,其它注意点,他参军已三年了。(join) It is three years since he joined the army. 昨晚玛丽直到十二点才去睡觉。(go to bed) Mary didnt go to bed until twelve o clock last night. 演出刚一开始就停电了。（a power cut） The play had hardly started when there was a power cut.,注意汉英在表达上的不同,其它注意点,警察一小时后才到。(It) It was an hour before the police arr
22、ived. 学习越努力，学到的东西就越多。(hard) The harder you study, the more you will learn. 这起居室的大小是卧室的两倍。 The sitting-room is twice as large as / larger than / the size of the bedroom.,1 仔细审题，确定英语句子的总结构，注意句后括号中的词 对句结构的提示。 2 按照句子中的内容，判断它的基本时态。 3 选择适当的英语词语，并注意词语的搭配要符合英语表达 的习惯。 4 如是复合句，在译的过程中，首先写出主句部分， 然后是 状语或定语等 成分，并
23、要注意句子的词序要符合英语的表 达习惯。 5 最后复看时，对照中文检查有否漏译部分，并注意主谓是 否一致，名词 的单复数、冠词和标点等等是否正确。,总结,练习,据说英语的客观考试是20世纪70年代引入中国的。introduce,How I wish I could become a volunteer at the Shanghai Expo 2010.,我多么希望能在百忙之中2010年上海世博会上当志愿者。wish,I think whether we can realize our dreams mainly depends not on opportunities but on our
24、effort.,It is said that the English objective test was introduced into China in the 1970s.,我认为能否实现理想主要靠努力而不是机遇。 notbut,练习,医生建议孩子要少吃象炸鸡这样的垃圾食品。(suggest),Sitting in front of computers for a long time is the main cause of the decline of many young peoples health.,长时间坐在电脑前是许多年轻人健康下降的主要原因。decline,It is a
25、bsolutely necessary to relax yourself after a period of hard work.,The doctor suggest that children should not eat too much rubbish food like fried chicken.,经过一段时间的努力工作，放松一下是完全必要的。 relax,练习,他昨天就开始工作了，尽管他病还没有完全康复。 set out,To my relief, the child has come to know that he should correct the mistake whenever he finds it.,使我欣慰的是这孩子开始懂得了“有错必改” relief,Only when he grew up did he really realize his fathers love for him.,Although he hadnt recovered from his illness, he set out to work yesterday.,直到他长大成人后才真正体会到父亲对他的爱。only,