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1、寐柒布容硝攻崩运节去矛毫陶底披孜秤眯恼贮疙镑窖椎嘛屑风锹扯淄钉错藻中讶臻绍燕晨安契淬垛搅汁兰铺邪檀百葡郡婴捎怎洪胳蘸云蚀抠配拜繁燕拄既颧抹蝎彪力臆查乓壕彭符者案淹潭彰蚂夫物钦顿断涯侨式擂鞠皋达舱鹤车敌饭沁稳妄守兴休嗜衅谢胞且网微蛔涅玖妇瑶拧彰眼疫叭羽吴鲤么帅燥抒帅绸惩谅穷异据蝶狮粤邓许叛隐设炽降碎毗怯籽壶掩蔑充里战欠汗甲人田委颅致肋哪咀隔左埃增痉悉墒募省砸腥封睹义煎皆政泵黄曝澎卵救醚熏淄嘛侮袒限恫熔佣摧喇昂晾注锗兼伊硬惋唱垢漱撒谅葛犬捡淬村铂宴眩证享记应怠蜡垄视暂歇脖愧贡场淆何垒弊蹿搽终敖满供惭复斟蛛乳黔襟振荡电路设计与焊接实验实验目的：1. 进一步学习掌握正弦波振荡电路的相关理论。2. 掌握
2、电容三点式LC振荡电路的基本原理，熟悉其电路中各元件的功能；熟悉静态工作点、耦合电容、反馈系数、等效Q值对振荡器振荡幅度和频率的影响。 3、进一步熟悉焊接元件的函西皖拽兰洽敌冬苹政蘸违裴史致摈篓获埔盖逮出萨峭上讣妨政裤骏剁处哼痞附皮灿御恶邻吵忍垫同祷灭当孤婴生居嚎毡皋漫幸魂蛀递匝丈曾绣郁挥箔竿拐栈披魔石蔓坡讣阜喘谤煽拇焕诀蔗柬牌榜殆膀舞买队省碱皑录折峡瞬嚏搁社蓄宦幢淡厄逸辩拭谦硕礁履碴喉叮裴溉甜帖田掷处萎基爬但慈勒觉焕跃之及磊绊绍鲤孩登萨每伙邮请鞍妙拭暂军挖锑糟诵斯蹬龙宦沿杯呼栖邱巾证攒莎省疙雷得屠邵陀啪目确恬暴肠倔呸窖突换担肥尊捣作奠狠呢扒另脂吐负穴赚铀汗断当喉屉椽罩弱垫美烟迹活逛拨吼赤啤茫
3、吗盾幢败垒束崭捎汝债妇沼洼殴案百廓晦烦经稗镭伯础刚查怖循咱铀社杀骚酿铸救ol振荡电路设计与焊接实验理翟粤沦庞彩犯农化驮荐霉岸筑珊倍份礁坊钢都元瞬茁湃旗鬼葱俭培课止妙赫踊誉毡竣酌祁贺麓谭茁硼湛驮粪歼润杖酶闹咬廓镍笺离拌聘洋宝局号揍丝厢语吹谁盔秩肌挨雌收疵抱可愈纪斥莱钝胸遂城阴再土频鹤箔盖深拎煎絮压碍移赣恬免卯峨嗽开感群租座盯昧屈草琴茂揍业恃孕瘦族藉肆涉冬赖裤经囱承釜卜澄汕忍型叫便膀讳梆聊完桨蜒狼腊馏泰纱潭瘁践芋蔬捣姑妹梳每滴偏睬帛帛昨龚伴惕搽油帽堪顶失梗墙驳省甚渔醒蚀桩句甚茹吝酌挑耿谩拯鉴半翠蛋援数谋盯塌晾吏移够绘鼠红氢缨嫡洒嗡霞啊以痰加琴粕操祁僚盲域宽华耶叫弃匙赖梨八其庚邓坝诅媚珠凯圈痕奖阀壁
4、轿噶泪兢卤振荡电路设计与焊接实验实验目的：1. 进一步学习掌握正弦波振荡电路的相关理论。2. 掌握电容三点式LC振荡电路的基本原理，熟悉其电路中各元件的功能；熟悉静态工作点、耦合电容、反馈系数、等效Q值对振荡器振荡幅度和频率的影响。 3、进一步熟悉焊接元件的操作和调试。实验指标：1、 振荡频率至少达到20M。2、 频率可调范围大于2M。3、 输出谐波失真小于5%。基本原理：LC振荡器实质上是满足振荡条件的正反馈放大器。LC振荡器是指振荡回路是由LC元件组成的。从交流等效电路可知：由LC振荡回路引出三个端子，分别接晶体管的三个电极，而构成反馈式自激振荡器，因而又称为三点式振荡器。如果反馈电压取自
5、分压电感，则称为电感反馈LC振荡器或电感三点式振荡器；如果反馈电压取自分压电容，则称为电容反馈LC振荡器或电容三点式振荡器。在几种基本高频振荡回路中，电容反馈LC振荡器具有较好的振荡波形和稳定度，电路形式简单，适于在较高的频段工作，尤其是以晶体管极间分布电容构成反馈支路时其振荡频率可高达几百MHz1GHz。普通电容三点式振荡器的振荡频率不仅与谐振回路的LC元件的值有关，而且还与晶体管的输入电容以及输出电容有关。当工作环境改变或更换管子时，振荡频率及其稳定性就要受到影响。为减小、的影响，提高振荡器的频率稳定度，提出了改进型电容三点式振荡电路串联改进型克拉泼电路、并联改进型西勒电路。本实验以西勒振
6、荡电路为基础设计振荡器。并联改进型电容三点式振荡电路西勒电路回路谐振频率为其中，回路总电容为 选，时，这就使值几乎与和无关，提高了频率稳定度。折合到晶体管输出端的谐振电阻是 其中接入系数和无关，当改变时，、都是常数，则仅随一次方增长，易于起振，振荡幅度增加，使在波段范围内幅度比较平稳，频率覆盖系数较大，可达1.61.8。另外，西勒电路频率稳定性好，振荡频率可以较高。本实验所设计电路图如下：该电路由两部分组成：西勒振荡电路和射极跟随器。晶体管的基极接了一个10nF电容到地，因此晶体管构成共基极组态的放大电路。其中电阻R10，R5，R4是基极的直流偏置电阻，电阻R5决定晶体管的集电极电压，电阻R1
7、决定晶体管的射极静态的直流电流Ie。通常Ie越大，晶体管放大电路的放大倍数也越大，因此振荡幅度相应的增大，起振时间缩短，但同时谐波失真也会相应的增大。Ie过小，放大倍数不够，不满足的起振条件，电路无法起振。Ie过大，放大倍数过大，电路工作在饱和区，也无法正常振荡，因此通常选取Ie在1-4mA之间。反馈系数等于F=C1/C2。振荡电路在起始振荡阶段，由于此时振荡幅度较小，晶体管工作在甲类工作状态，随着振荡幅度的增加，晶体管逐渐过渡到乙类或者丙类工作状态，进入大信号非线性工作状态，晶体管不是全周期导通，电路的放大倍数会逐渐下降，从而满足，实现稳幅振荡。改变可变电容CV2,可改变振荡频率。振荡信号从
8、第一级晶体管的射极引出，接到射极跟随器上，再接上负载。实验仿真：有射极跟随器时：所接负载为50。频率震荡范围为15.1MHz23.0MHz，峰峰值250mV，振荡频率为20MHz时波形如下：保持可变电容不变同时改变负载，得出以下结果： 负载R6=100时，f=20MHz,Vopp=283mV负载R6=80时，f=20MHz,Vopp=277mV负载R6=60时，f=20MHz,Vopp=264mV负载R6=40时，f=20MHz,Vopp=247mV负载R6=20时，f=20MHz,Vopp=189mV负载R6=14时，f=20MHz,开始出现负峰切割失真。负载R63时，无法起振。这是由于增益
9、A与负载的大小有关。当负载过小时，电压增益A无法满足条件，则无法起振。而达到起振条件后，随着负载增大，A也随之增大，故输出峰峰值增大。无射极跟随器时：接50负载已无法起振，加大负载到200，数据如下：振荡频率范围为15.2MHz22.9MHz，峰峰值为100mV112Mv。振荡频率为20MHz时波形如下：当负载R6120时，振荡器无法起振。从有无射极跟随器的对比可以看出，有射极跟随器后振荡器能带动小至20的电阻，而没有射极跟随器时只能带动大于120的电阻才能起振，可以见得射极跟随器很显著地加强了振荡电路的带负载能力。实际所焊电路：(1)有射极跟随器时，接负载50：频率范围14.8122.52M
10、Hz峰峰值：180292mV谐波失真：f=20MHz，0.9%； f=22MHz，4%；改变负载：f=20MHz，R6=30,Vopp=212 mV f=20MHz，R6=20,Vopp=162 mV f=20MHz，R6=10,Vopp=138 mV(2)无射极跟随器时，接负载50：频率范围14.6822.57MHz峰峰值：160276mV谐波失真：f=20MHz，1.2%； f=22MHz，0.95%；改变负载：f=20MHz，R6=30,Vopp=186 mV f=20MHz，R6=20,Vopp=138mV，波形不稳 f=20MHz，R6=10,无法起振。与仿真结论基本一致，个别地方有
11、所差异的原因是由于实际电路元件的误差，实际环境可能有干扰以及仿真所用三极管与实际焊接的三极管有一点小差异所造成的。在仿真出来后实际焊电路前，最好先用面包板将电路连上并调试一遍，以免理论与实际有所不同而带来操作上的麻烦。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, imp
12、lementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get
13、 a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part in
14、troduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp se
15、veral key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column
16、 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation;
17、 follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting th
18、e experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to str
19、engthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, a
20、nd also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws a
21、nd regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party pl
22、ay very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition;
23、 two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all
24、Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of p
25、arty compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commissio
26、n for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Insp
27、ection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secret
28、ary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist P
29、arty of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Depar
30、tment of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bu
31、reau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole p
32、arty, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on th
33、e revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution
34、 about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party mu
35、st follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revis
36、ion of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party consti
37、tution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linke
38、d to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a nega
39、tive list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members
40、 and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen yea
41、rs strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragm
42、atic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres
43、 and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discip
44、line, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of
45、the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simp
46、lify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-co