英美国家概况ppt课件.ppt

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1、英美国家概况部分 l 国家地理常识 l 国家历史知识 l 国家政治常识 l 社会文化知识 一、国家地理常识 国家首都最大城市 最长长河流 英国 LondonLondonthe Severn River 美国 Washington New Yorkthe Mississippi River 加拿大 OttawaTorontothe Mackenzie River 澳大利亚 CanberraSydneythe Murray River 新西兰 WellingtonAucklandthe Waikato River 爱尔兰 DublinDublinthe Shannon River 二、国家历史知识

2、 1. 最早居民或早期居民 l 英国：古伊比利亚人 l 美国：印第安人 l 加拿大：因纽特人 l 澳大利亚：土著居民 l 新西兰：毛利人 2.重要历史事件 l 英国：1066年诺曼征服、英法百年 战争、英国内战、北爱尔兰 问题 l 美国：独立战争、南北战争 l 加拿大：魁北克问题 3.重要历史文献 l 英国:大宪章(Great Charter) 权利法案(The Bill of Rights) 英爱条约(Anglo-Irish Treaty) 维坦基条约(Treaty of Waitangi) l 美国:独立宣言(The Declaration of Independence) 4.历史人物

3、l 英国：亨利八世、伊丽莎白一世、 詹姆斯 . 库克 l 美国：华盛顿 三、国家政治常识 国家政体实权实权 元首及 每届任期 主要政党国会或议议会 英国君主立宪制 国家 首相（5年） 工党 保守党 上议院 下议院 美国总统 共和制 国家 总统 （4年 ） 民主党 共和党 参议院 众议院 加拿大君主立宪制 联邦国家 总理（5年 ） 自由党 进步保守党 参议院 众议院 澳大利亚君主立宪制 联邦议会制 国家 总理（3年 ） 工党 自由党 参议院 众议院 新西兰议会制和君主 立宪制国家 总督（5年 ） 国民党 工党 众议院 爱尔兰议会共和国总统 （7年 ） 共和党 统一党 参议院 众议院 四、社会文化

4、知识 1.宗教情况 l 英国：国教、新教徒 l 美国：新教、天主教、犹太教 l 加拿大：罗马天主教、联合教、 卫理公教 l 爱尔兰：天主教 2.教育情况 英国： l 义务教育年龄: 5-16岁 l 著名“公学”: 伊顿、哈罗、 威斯敏斯特、温切斯特 l 最古老的大学:牛津大学、 剑桥大学 美国： l 高等教育的三个主要职能： 教学、研究、公众服务 l 历史最悠久的大学：哈佛大学 l 大学经费三大主要来源：学生学费、 社会捐助、政府拨款 3.媒体情况 英国： l 最古老的全国性报纸：The Observer l 最古老日报：The Times l BBC成立于1922年，1927年获皇家 特许状

5、 美国三大广播公司： l 美国广播公司 (ABC ) l 美国有线新闻广播公司 (CNN) l 美国哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 4.体育运动常识 l 英国最典型的运动：板球 l 现代足球起源于苏格兰 l 现代网球由英国人发明 l 美国最古老运动：棒球 1. The first known settlers of Bri- tain were _. A. the Celts B. the Romans C. the Iberians D. the Beaker of Fold 2. Great Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by th

6、e _ in the south. A. North Sea B. Atlantic Ocean C. Straits of Dover D. English Channel 3. Britains longest river is_. A. the Clyde B. the Thames C. the Severn D. the Tweed 4. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _. A. 200BCB. 55BC C. AD55D. AD410 5. Education

7、is compulsory for all between the ages of _ and _ in Great Britain except in North Ireland. A. 4, 16B. 4, 18 C. 5, 16D. 5, 18 6. The University of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _ centuries. A. 9th and 10th B. 10th and 11th C. 11th and 12th D. 12th and 13th 7. The Hundred Years War between Brita

8、in and France was fought_. A. from 1327 to 1453 B. from 1337 to 1453 C. from 1347 to 1453 D. from 1357 to 1453 8. The second largest state of the United States is _. A. Texas B. Alaska C. California D. Hawaii 9. Which of the following languages is not spoken in Scotland? A. EnglishB. Scottish C. Gae

9、licD. Denish 10. Among the most typical English sports, _ has been in existence since the 16th century. A. rugbyB. soccer C. cricketD. boxing 11. Which of the following tribes first came to Britain? A. Anglos B. Saxons C. Jutes D. Celts 12. In Britain only about _ of the population are farmers but t

10、hey manage 70% of the land area. A. 2%B. 3% C. 4%D. 5% 13. Each of the 50 states of the USA elects _ senators. A. 10B. 4 C. 3D. 2 14. The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year_. A. 1918B. 1920 C. 1945D. 1949 15. The English Civil War is also called _. A. the Puritan Revolution B. the se

11、cond Magna Carta C. the Long Parliament D. the Anglican War 16. The goal of Roosevelts New Deal was to _. A. save the American economic and political system B. get America out of the depre- ssion C. weaken monopoly interests in America D. strengthen the power of the president 17. In terms of area, t

12、he United States is the _ largest country in the world. A. 2ndB. 3rd C. 4th D. 5th 18. In the 1960s pop music underwent a revolution when _ became world famous and turned their hometown of Liverpool into a place of pilgrimage. A. the Beach Boys B. the Rolling Stone C. the Animals D. the Beatles 19.

13、Which of the following is not a national daily newspaper? A. Financial Times B. The Guardian C. The Times D. The Observers 20. Christopher Columbus who first discovered the New Continent came from_. A. EnglandB. Ireland C. Spain D. Italy 21. The last English colony in America was _, which was establ

14、ished in 1733. A. North Carolina B. South Carolina C. Georgia D. Arizona 22. Of all the symbols, which are considered to represent fertility and new life and are most frequently associated with Easter? A. The pumpkin and turkey B. The lamb and beef C. The spring peas and potatoes D. The egg and rabb

15、it 23. The US formally entered the Second World War in _. A. 1937B. 1939 C. 1941D. 1943 24. In America, the three biggest newspapers are of the following except_. A. New York Times B. Readers Digest C. Washington Post D. Los angels Times 25. British was by 1830 the “work- shop of the world” because

16、of_. A. the Agricultural Revolution B. the Industrial Revolution C. colonial expansion D. the invention of the steam engine 26. China and America established diplomatic relations in January _. A. 1972B. 1976 C. 1978D. 1979 27. _ is the home of golf. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Ireland 28. In

17、the US, Constitutional Amend- ment can go into effect after it is approved by _. A. a two-thirds vote of both houses B. three-fourths of the states C. two-thirds of the states D. half of the states 29. Edinburgh is the capital of _. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 30. Reuters was

18、 founded in _. A. 1715 B. 1751 C. 1851 D. 1815 31. Which of the following is not in the east part of the USA? A. Massachusetts B. Maine C. North Carolina D. Louisiana 32. Where is the international tennis championships held? A. Wembley B. Wimbeldon C. St. Aandrews D. Clapham 33. There are two major

19、national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and_. A. the Liberal Party B. the Democratic Party C. the Labour Party D. the Republican Party 34. New Zealand is sometimes called the worlds biggest farm. It is the worlds largest exporter of _. A. beefB. lamb and mutton C. wheatD. corn 35. The 50

20、th state in America is _. A. Alaska B. Texas C. Hawaii D. Rhode Island 36. The American policy towards the Soviet Union after the Second World War was _. A. cooperation B. cold war C. containment D. impartiality 37. In America the judicial is headed by _. A. the President B. Congress C. the Supreme

21、Court D. the Secretary General 38. The smallest state of the United States is _. A. Rhode IslandB. Maine C. TexasD. Alaska 39. On the island of Great Britain, there are _. A. four political divisions England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland B. four political divisions England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland C. three political divisions England, Scotland, and Wales D. three political divisions England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland 40. Which degree is offered in community colleges in the United States? A. Masters degree B. Doctors degree C. Bachelors degree D. Associates degree