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1、英语：Module1EuropePeriod 5教案（1）（外研版必修3） Period 5 SpeakingPronunciation and everyday EnglishGoals To learn about tag questions To role-play a conversationProceduresStep 1: Learning about Tag QuestionsA tag question is a special construction in English. It is a statement followed by a mini-question. The
2、 whole sentence is a tag question, and the mini-question at the end is called a question tag.We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. They mean something like: Am I right? or Do you agree? They are very common in English.The basic structure is:+Positive statement,-negat
3、ive tag?-Negative statement,+positive tag?Look at these examples with positive statements:positive statement +negative tag -notes:subjectauxiliarymain verbauxiliarynotpersonalpronoun(same as subject)Youarecoming,arentyou?Wehavefinished,haventwe?Youdolikecoffee,dontyou?Youlikecoffee,dontyou?You (do)
4、like.Theywillhelp,wontthey?wont = will notIcancome,cantI?Wemustgo,mustntwe?Heshouldtryharder,shouldnthe?YouareEnglish,arentyou?no auxiliary for main verb be present & pastJohnwasthere,wasnthe?Look at these examples with negative statements:negative statement -positive tag +subjectauxiliarymain verba
5、uxiliarypersonalpronoun(same as subject)Itisntraining,isit?Wehaveneverseenthat,havewe?Youdontlikecoffee,doyou?Theywillnothelp,willthey?Theywontreportus,willthey?Icanneverdoit right,canI?Wemustnttellher,mustwe?Heshouldntdriveso fast,shouldhe?YouarentEnglish,areyou?Johnwasnotthere,washe?Some special c
6、ases:I am right, arent I?arent I (not amnt I)You have to go, dont you?you (do) have to go.I have been answering, havent I?use first auxiliaryNothing came in the post, did it?treat statements with nothing, nobody etc like negative statementsLets go, shall we?lets = let usHed better do it, hadnt he?he
7、 had better (no auxiliary)Here are some mixed examples:But you dont really love her, do you? This will work, wont it? Well, I couldnt help it, could I? But youll tell me if she calls, wont you? Wed never have known, would we? The weathers bad, isnt it? You wont be late, will you? Nobody knows, do th
8、ey? Notice that we often use tag questions to ask for information or help, starting with a negative statement. This is quite a friendly/polite way of making a request. For example, instead of saying Where is the police station? (not very polite), or Do you know where the police station is? (slightly
9、 more polite), we could say: You wouldnt know where the police station is, would you? Here are some more examples:You dont know of any good jobs, do you? You couldnt help me with my homework, could you? You havent got $10 to lend me, have you? IntonationWe can change the meaning of a tag question wi
10、th the musical pitch of our voice. With rising intonation, it sounds like a real question. But if our intonation falls, it sounds more like a statement that doesnt require a real answer: intonationYou dont know where my wallet is,do you?/ risingreal questionIts a beatiful view,isnt it? fallingnot a
11、real questionAnswers to tag questionsHow do we answer a tag question? Often, we just say Yes or No. Sometimes we may repeat the tag and reverse it (., do they? Yes, they do). Be very careful about answering tag questions. In some languages, an opposite system of answering is used, and non-native Eng
12、lish speakers sometimes answer in the wrong way. This can lead to a lot of confusion!For example, everyone knows that snow is white. Look at these questions, and the correct answers:tag questioncorrect answer Snow is white, isnt it?Yes (it is).the answer is the same in both cases - because snow IS W
13、HITE!but notice the change of stress when the answerer does not agree with the questionerSnow isnt white, is it?Yes it is!Snow is black, isnt it?No it isnt!the answer is the same in both cases - because snow IS NOT BLACK!Snow isnt black, is it?No(itisnt).In some languages, people answer a question l
14、ike Snow isnt black, is it? with Yes (meaning Yes, I agree with you). This is the wrong answer in English!Here are some more examples, with correct answers:The moon goes round the earth, doesnt it? Yes, it does. The earth is bigger than the moon, isnt it? Yes. The earth is bigger than the sun, isnt
15、it? No, it isnt! Asian people dont like rice, do they? Yes, they do! Elephants live in Europe, dont they? No, they dont! Men dont have babies, do they? No. The English alphabet doesnt have 40 letters, does it? No, it doesnt. Question tags with imperativesSometimes we use question tags with imperativ
16、es (invitations, orders), but the sentence remains an imperative and does not require a direct answer. We use wont for invitations. We use can, cant, will, would for orders.imperative + question tagnotes:invitationTake a seat, wont you?politeorderHelp me, can you?quite friendlyHelp me, cant you?quit
17、e friendly (some irritation?)Close the door, would you?quite politeDo it now, will you?less politeDont forget, will you?with negative imperatives only will is possibleSame-way question tagsAlthough the basic structure of tag questions is positive-negative or negative-positive, it is sometime possibl
18、e to use a positive-positive or negative-negative structure. We use same-way question tags to express interest, surprise, anger etc, and not to make real questions.So youre having a baby, are you? Thats wonderful! She wants to marry him, does she? Some chance! So you think thats amusing, do you? Thi
19、nk again. Negative-negative tag questions usually sound rather hostile: So you dont like my looks, dont you? Step 2: Role-play a conversation about where you liveA: Where are you from?B: I am from Taiyuan.A: You are from Shanxi, arent you?B: Yes, I am. I love my special part of Taiyuan, the Nan Chen
20、g Part, what some people call “old Taiyuan”and what I call home. A: What is it like?B: Dating from the Tang Dynasty, old Taiyuan is arguably the most artistically and architecturally attractive capital city in the country. A: Are there any places of interest on the street where you live?B: On the st
21、reet where I live, you can see two towers called Double Towers.A: I know they are the famous symbols of Taiyuan.B: Down the road, you will come to Clothing Town, the most famous shopping center in Taiyuan. Here you can find varieties of clothing you like.A: They say that Taiyuan is the worlds bigges
22、t open-air museum and not even residents, let alone tourists, ever get the chance to see every temple (more than 350 of them), every tower, every statue, or every historic street within a lifetime. B: You are absolutely right.A: When is the best time to visit Taiyuan?B: The best time to enjoy the ne
23、ighborhood is early morning. The sounds and smells are quintessentially Taiyuan. The memories linger long after one has left the city. The incessant yelling (a-o-o-oh! is a particularly favorite cry) and friendly insults of the trades people as they set up their market stalls along the streets, mamm
24、as calling down the corridor to their children as they head off to school, and young men on parked scooters greeting each other as if they hadnt seen each other for years, accompanied by sings of birds in the trees. Ah, what heaven? Everybody at this hour looks incredibly happy.A: What about the cit
25、y later on in the day?B: Later on in the day, the streets and shops start to fill up. Locals gather for meals at the restaurants, standing around in groups engaged in deep, intense conversation. After meals, the chatting continues on the pavement, totally oblivious to the traffic, to other pedestria
26、ns (normally tourists) trying to get through and to anything that might possibly interrupt the subject in hand. A: It seems to me that Taiyuan people are so intent at interacting with each other that they are able to ignore the millions of tourists that invade their city every year. They are the only people on earth who are as passionate about talking as they are about eating and making love.B: You are correct in saying that. Taiyuan people know how to live. I started to learn this when I came to live in Taiyuan as a child in 1953. Nearly half a century later, I am still learning.