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1、神经病学常用医学名词Aabsence seizure :失神发作 acalculia :失算症acute disseminated encephalomyelitis :急性播散性脑脊髓炎adiadochokinesia :轮替动作不能 Adie syndrome : 埃迪综合征adrenoleukodystrophy : 肾上腺脑白质营养不良adversive seizure :旋转性发作 ageusia :味觉缺失agnosia :失认症 agraphia :失写症akinesia :运动不能 akinetic mutism:运动不能性缄默症akinetic seizure :无动性发作
2、Alexander disease :亚历山大病alexia :失读症 allochesthesia :感觉定位不能allochiria :感觉定侧不能 Alpers disease :阿尔珀斯病AlstromHallgren syndrome : 阿尔斯特伦海尔格伦综合征alternate hemiplegia :交替性瘫痪 Alzheimer disease : 阿尔茨海默病amnesia : 遗忘症 amusia :失乐感症amyotonia :肌张力缺失amyotrophic lateral sclerosis :肌萎缩侧索硬化amyotrophy :肌萎缩 analgesia :痛觉
3、缺失anarthria :构音不全 anesthesia :感觉缺失anesthesia dolorosa :痛性感觉缺失 ankle clonus :踝阵挛anosognosia :病感失认症anterior cross bulbar syndrome :延髓前交叉综合征anterograde amnesia : 顺行性遗忘 Anton syndrome : 安东综合征apathetic dementia :淡漠性痴呆 Apert syndrome : 阿佩尔综合征aphasia : 失语症 apraxia :失用症aprosody :失语韵症 arachnoiditis :蛛网膜炎aref
4、lexia :反射消失ArnoldChiari malformation : 阿诺德基亚里畸形arrhigosis :冷觉缺失 ascending myelitis :上升性脊髓炎associated movement :联合运动 astasia abasia :站立行走不能astatic seizure :起立不能发作 asterixis :扑翼样震颤asynergia :协同动作不能 ataxia :共济失调ataxic gait :共济失调步态 athetosis :手足徐动症atonia :张力缺失 atonic seizure :失张力发作atopognosia :位置失认症 aty
5、pical absence seizure :非典型失神发作auditory agnosia :听觉失认症auditory evoked potential , AEP : 听觉诱发电位aura :先兆 auriculotemporal syndrome :耳颞综合征automatism:自动症 autotopagnosia :自身部位失认症Avellis syndrome : 阿韦利斯综合征BBabinski sign : 巴宾斯基征BabinskiNageotte syndrome : 巴宾斯基纳若特综合征background activity :背景活动BaileyCushing syn
6、drome :贝利库欣综合征Balint syndrome :巴林特综合征 ballism:投掷症Balo disease :巴洛病,又称“同心圆性硬化”(concentric sclerosis)baragnosis :重量失认症Barrpyramidal sign : 巴雷锥体束征 Bechterew sign : 别赫捷列夫征Becker muscular dystrophy : 贝克肌营养不良Beevor sign :比弗征 Benedikt syndrome : 贝内迪克特综合征BielschowskyJansky disease :比扬病Binswanger disease :宾斯
7、旺格病,又称“进行性白质脑病”Bornholm disease : 博恩霍尔姆病 bradykinesia :运动徐缓bradylalia :言语徐缓 brain death : 脑死亡brainstem auditory evoked potential ,BAEP :脑干听觉诱发电位BrownSquard syndrome :布朗塞卡尔综合征Brudzinski sign :布鲁津斯基征 Bruns syndrome :布伦斯综合征bulbar paralysis , bulbar palsy:延髓性麻痹 burst suppression :爆发抑制CCaisson disease :凯
8、松病 carnitine deficiency :肉毒碱缺乏病carpal tunnel syndrome :腕管综合征 carpopedal spasm:腕足痉挛cataplexy :猝倒症 central core disease :中央轴空病central pontine myelinolysis :脑桥中央髓鞘溶解 cerebral embolism:脑栓塞cerebral hemorrhage :脑出血 cerebral infarction :脑梗死cerebral ischemia :脑缺血 cerebral malacia :脑软化cerebral palsy :大脑性瘫痪 c
9、erebral thrombosis :脑血栓形成cervical rigidity :颈强直 Chaddock sign :查多克征Charcot2Marie2Tooth disease :夏科马里图思病chondrodystrophic myotonia :软骨营养不良性肌强直chorea :舞蹈症 choreoathetosis :舞蹈徐动症Claude syndrome :克洛德综合征 clonic seizure :阵挛发作clonus :阵挛 cluster headache :丛集性头痛coaxial needle electrode :同轴针电极cognitive event
10、related potential :认知性事件相关电位cogwheel rigidity :齿轮样强直 ColletSicard syndrome : 科莱西卡尔综合征coma :昏迷 complete stroke :完全性脑卒中complex partial seizure :复杂部分发作 congenital amyotonia :先天性肌张力缺失congenital myotonia :先天性肌强直 conjugate deviation :同向偏斜constructional apraxia :结构性失用症contingent negative variation :伴随负电位,又
11、称“伴随负变化”convergence spasm:辐辏痉挛 convulsion :惊厥corrdination synkinesia :协调性联带运动 cough syncope , tussive syncope :咳嗽晕厥cramp :痛性痉挛Creutzfeldt2Jakob disease :克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病,又称“痉挛性假性硬化”crossed paralysis :交叉性瘫痪 cubital tunnel syndrome :肘管综合征DDandy2Walker syndrome :丹迪2沃克综合征decorticate rigidity :去皮质强直 decremen
12、t response :递减反应Dejerine2Klumpke syndrome : 德热里纳2克隆普克综合征Dejerine2Roussy syndrome :德热里纳2鲁西综合征Dejerine2Sottas disease :德热里纳2索塔斯 dementia :痴呆dementia agitata :激越性痴呆 demyelination :脱髓鞘denervation potential :去神经电位 depth electroencephalogram:深部脑电图depth electroencephalography :深部脑电图学diencephalosis :间脑病 dip
13、legia :双侧瘫痪distal latency :远端潜伏期 dizziness :头晕drop attack :跌倒发作 drunken gait :酒醉步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy : 迪谢内肌营养不良DuchenneErb syndrome :迪谢内埃尔布综合征 dysarthria :构音困难dysarthria2clumsy hand syndrome :构音困难手笨拙综合征dysdiadochokinesia :轮替运动困难 dysesthesia :感觉迟钝dysgeusia :味觉障碍 dysgraphia :书写困难dyskinesia :运
14、动障碍 dyslalia : 言语困难dyslexia :诵读困难 dysmetria :辨距困难dysmyotonia :肌张力障碍 dyspraxia :运用障碍dyssynergia :协同动作障碍 dystonia :张力失常dystonia musculorum deformans : 畸形性肌张力障碍Eelectrocorticogram:脑皮层电图 electrocorticography :脑皮层电图学electroencephalogram:脑电图 electroencephalography :脑电图学electromyelography :脊髓电图学 electromyo
15、gram:肌电图electromyography , EMG:肌电图学 electroneurography :神经电图学electrothalamogram:丘脑电图 encephalitis :脑炎encephalomyelitis :脑脊髓炎 encephalopathy :脑病end plate noise :终板噪声 end plate potential :终板电位ependymitis :室管膜炎 epilepsy :癫痫epileptic seizure :癫痫发作 epileptiform pattern :癫痫样波型essential tremor :特发性震颤 event
16、 related potential , ERP:事件相关电位Ffacial tic :面肌抽搐,又称“面肌痉挛” fasciculation :肌束震颤FazioLonde syndrome : 法齐奥隆德综合征 fecal incontinence :大便失禁festination :慌张步态fibrillation :肌纤维震颤flaccid hemiplegia :松弛性偏瘫 flaccid paralysis :松弛性瘫痪flash visual evoked potential :闪光视觉诱发电位focal epilepsy :局限型癫痫 Foville syndrome :福维尔
17、综合征Friedreich ataxia :弗里德赖希共济失调 Fwave :F 波神经病学常用医学名词(四)GGarcin syndrome :加桑综合征 gaze paralysis :凝视瘫痪generalized epilepsy :全身型癫痫 generalized seizure :全身发作Gerstmann syndrome :格斯特曼综合征 giant cell arteritis :巨细胞动脉炎giant motor unit action potential :巨大运动单位动作电位global amnesia , total amnesia : 完全性遗忘 Gordon s
18、ign :戈登征grand mal :大发作graphanesthesia :皮肤书写觉缺失GuillainBarrsyndrome :吉兰巴雷综合征HH reflex :H反射HallervordenSpatz disease : 哈勒沃登施帕茨病headache :头痛 hemianesthesia :偏侧感觉缺失hemiatrophy :偏侧萎缩 hemiballismus :偏侧投掷症hemichorea :偏侧舞蹈症 hemifacial spasm:偏侧面肌痉挛hemihypertrophy :偏侧肥大 hemiparesis :轻偏瘫hemiplegia :偏瘫 hemipleg
19、ic gait :偏瘫步态hereditary cerebellar ataxia :遗传性小脑共济失调Hoffmann sign :霍夫曼征 Horner syndrome :霍纳综合征Hunt disease : 亨特病 Huntington disease :亨廷顿病hypalgesia :痛觉减退 hyperalgesia :痛觉过敏hyperhidrosis :多汗 hyperkinesia :运动过度hyperostosis frontalis interna :额骨内板增生症hyperpathia :痛觉过度 hyperreflexia :反射亢进hypersexuality :
20、性欲亢进 hypersomnia :睡眠过度hypertonia :张力过高 hypesthesia :感觉减退hypogeusia :味觉减退 hypohidrosis :少汗hypokinesia :运动减少 hyporeflexia :反射减弱hypothalamic syndrome :下丘脑综合征 hypotonia :张力过低hypsarrhythmia :高度节律失调Iideational apraxia :观念性失用症 ideokinetic apraxia :观念运动性失用症idiopathic epilepsy :特发性癫痫 imitative synkinesia :模仿
21、性联带运动incontinence :失禁 incoordination :动作失调injury potential :损伤电位 intentional tremor :意向性震颤internuclear ophthalmoplegia : 核间性眼肌瘫痪intracranial venous thrombosis :颅内静脉血栓形成Isaac syndrome :艾萨克综合征JJackson epilepsy :杰克逊癫痫 Jackson syndrome :杰克逊综合征jargon aphasia :杂乱性失语症 jitter :颤抖Joseph disease :约瑟夫病 jugular
22、 foramen syndrome :颈静脉孔综合征KKearnsSayre syndrome :卡恩斯塞尔综合征Kernig sign :凯尔尼格征 kinetic tremor :动作性震颤KlippelFeil disease :克利佩尔费尔病KocherDebrSemelaignsyndrome : 科克德布雷塞梅莱涅综合征Krabbe disease :克拉伯病 Kufs disease :库夫斯病KugelbergWelander disease :库格尔贝格韦兰德病Kuru disease :库鲁病LLafora disease :拉福拉病LambertEaton syndrom
23、e :兰伯特伊顿综合征Landry paralysis :兰德里瘫痪 laryngeal crisis :喉危象Lasgue sign :拉塞格征 late response :迟发反应Leber disease :莱伯病 Leigh disease :利氏病Leri sign :莱里征 lethargy :嗜睡leukoencephalitis :白质脑炎 Lhermitte sign :莱尔米特征locked2in syndrome :闭锁综合征 Luft disease :勒夫特病luxury perfusion syndrome :过度灌注综合征MMacEwen sign :麦克尤恩征
24、MarinescoSjogren syndrome : 马里内斯科舍格伦综合征Mayer sign : 迈耶征 McArdle disease :麦卡德尔病megaconial myopathy :大锥状颗粒肌病 meningism:假性脑脊膜炎meningitis :脑脊膜炎 meningoencephalitis :脑膜脑炎meningomyelitis :脊膜脊髓炎Menkes disease :门克斯病又称“钢发综合征(steely hair syndrome) ”metachromatic leukodystrophy :异染性脑白质营养不良micturition syncope :
25、排尿晕厥 migraine :偏头痛MillardGubler syndrome : 米亚尔居布勒综合征mirror writing :镜像书写 mitochondrial myopathy :线粒体肌病Mollaret meningitis :莫拉雷脑脊膜炎 monoballismus :单肢投掷症mononeuritis :单神经炎 monoplegia :单瘫Moro reflex :莫罗反射 motor aphasia :运动性失语症motor apraxia :运动性失用症motor nerve conduction velocity :运动神经传导速度motor unit acti
26、on potential :运动单位动作电位motor unit potential :运动单位电位 multilead electrode :多导电极multiple sclerosis :多发性硬化multiple spike and slow wave complex :多棘慢复合波muscular hypertrophy :肌肥大 myalgia :肌痛myasthenia :肌无力 myasthenia gravis :重症肌无力myelitis :脊髓炎 myelopathy :脊髓病myoclonic epilepsy :肌阵挛型癫痫 myoclonic seizure :肌阵挛
27、发作myoclonus :肌阵挛 myokymia :肌纤维颤搐myopathy :肌病 myositis :肌炎myositis ossificans :骨化性肌炎 myotonia :肌强直myotonia atrophica :萎缩性肌强直 myotonic potential :肌强直电位myotubular myopathy :肌管性肌病 Mwave :M波Nnarcolepsy :发作性睡病nascent motor unit action potential :新生运动单位动作电位nasopharyngeal electrode :鼻咽电极 necrotic myelitis :
28、坏死性脊髓炎needle electrode :针电极nemaline myopathy , rod myopathy :线状体肌病,又称“棒状体肌病”neuralgia :神经痛 neuritis :神经炎neurology :神经病学 neuromyositis :神经肌炎neuromyotonia :神经性肌强直 neuropathy :神经病nodding spasm , spasmus nutans :点头痉挛nominal aphasia :命名性失语症 Nothnagel sign :诺特纳格尔征Nothnagel syndrome :诺特纳格尔综合征nuclear ophtha
29、lmoplegia :核性眼肌瘫痪 nystagmus :眼震Oocular bobbing :眼球浮动 oculocephalogyric reflex :头眼反射oculogyric crisis :眼动危象 oculogyric spasm:旋眼痉挛olivopontocerebellar atrophy :橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩Oppenheim sign :奥本海姆征 optical neuromyelitis :视神经脊髓炎orbicularis sign :眼轮匝肌征Ppalatal myoclonus :软腭阵挛 pallanesthesia :振动觉缺失palmomental r
30、eflex :掌颏反射 palsy , paralysis :麻痹,瘫痪paraesthesia :感觉异常 parageusia :味觉倒错paralexia :错读症 paramyotonia :副肌强直paraparesis :轻截瘫 paraphasia :错语症paraplegia :截瘫 parasomnia :深眠状态paresis :轻瘫 Parinaud syndrome :帕里诺综合征Parkinson disease :帕金森病,又称“震颤麻痹” partial seizure :部分发作patellar clonus :髌阵挛PelizaeusMerzbacher di
31、sease :佩利措伊斯梅茨巴赫病,简称“佩梅病”pendular reflex :钟摆样反射 periodic paralysis :周期性瘫痪petit mal :小发作 phantom limb :幻肢phantom sensation :幻感觉phantom spike and slow wave complex :幻影棘慢复合波photo convulsive response :光惊厥反应 photo myoclonic response :光肌阵挛反应photo paroxysm response :光阵发反应 Pick disease :皮克病pill rolling trem
32、or :捻丸样震颤 planotopokinesia :空间定位障碍polymyoclonus :多肌阵挛 polymyositis :多肌炎polyneuritis :多神经炎 polyneuropathy :多神经病polyradiculitis :多神经根炎 positive sharp wave :正尖波 postinfectious encephalomyelitis : 感染后脑脊髓炎postvaccinal encephalomyelitis :疫苗接种后脑脊髓炎primary lateral sclerosis :原发性侧索硬化progressive multifocal le
33、ukoencephalopathy :进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy :进行性肌营养不良progressive spinal muscular atrophy :进行性脊髓性肌萎缩progressive stroke :进行性脑卒中 pronation sign :旋前征prosopagnosia :面容失认症 pseudoataxia :假性共济失调pseudoathetosis :假性手足徐动症pseudobulbar paralysis , pseudobulbar palsy :假性延髓性麻痹pseudohypertrophy :假性肥
34、大 pseudomyotonia :假性肌强直psychogenic headache :心因性头痛 psychomotor epilepsy :精神运动型癫痫pyramidal sign :锥体束征Qquadriplegia :四肢瘫痪Queckenstedt test :奎肯施泰特试验(简称奎氏试验)Rradiculitis :神经根炎 Raymond Cestan syndrome :蕾蒙塞斯唐综合征reflex epilepsy :反射性癫痫 Refsum disease :雷夫叙姆病restless leg syndrome :下肢不宁综合征 retrograde amnesia :
35、逆行性遗忘reverse steal phenomenon :反盗血现象 reversible ischemic attack :可逆性脑缺血发作rhythm:节律rhythm:节律 rigidity :强直RileyDay syndrome :赖利戴综合征 Romberg sign :龙贝格征Rossolimo sign :罗索利莫征SSantavuori disease :桑塔沃里病Schilder disease :希尔德病,又称“弥漫性硬化(diffuse sclerosis) ”Schmidt syndrome :施密特综合征 sciatica , ischialgia :坐骨神经痛
36、Seitelberger disease :赛特贝格病 sensory aphasia :感觉性失语症sensory nerve conduction velocity :感觉神经传导速度sharp and slow wave complex , sharp andwave complex :尖慢复合波sharp wave :尖波 ShyDrager syndrome :夏伊德雷格综合征simple partial seizure :简单部分发作 single fiber electromyography :单纤维肌电图学skew deviation :反向偏斜somatosensory evoked potential , SEP:躯体感觉诱发电位spasm:痉挛 spasmodic torticollis :痉挛性斜颈spastic ataxic gait :痉挛性共济失调步态 spastic gait :痉挛步态spastic hemiplegia :痉挛性偏瘫 spasticity :痉挛状态spastic paralysis :痉挛性瘫痪 spastic synkinesia :痉挛性联带运动sphenoidal electrode :蝶骨电极spike and slow wave complex , spike andwave complex :棘慢复合波spike