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1、完形填空模拟检测( (七) ) 说明文 (共 2 篇，限时 35 分钟) A New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive humanmade climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, _1_ in the latest edition of Ec
2、ology and Evolution, reveals the _2_ age of some Amazonian tree species more than 8 million years and _3_ shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods _4_ for the year 2100. The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the
3、 trees will _5_ survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. _6_ extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures _7_， the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors _8_ that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emis
4、sions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain _9_ on preventing deforestation (采伐森林) for agriculture and mining. The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species extinctions _10_ relatively small increases in global average air tempera
5、tures. Study coauthor Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the _11_ were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and overexploitation of the forest remained major _12_ to the Amazons future. Dr Lewis said, “The past cannot be compared directly with the future.While tree species see
6、m likely to _13_ higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and _14_， and what remains is being degraded (使恶化) by logging (伐木), and increasingly split up by fields and roads. “Species will not move as freely in todays Amazon as they did in previous war
7、m periods, when there was no human _15_. Similarly, today s climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past _16_. “With a clearer _17_ of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we _18_ that direct human impacts such as forest clearances for agriculture or minin
8、g should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive _19_ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and _20_ the future of most Amazon tree species.” 1 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项最新的研究，研究表明气候变暖不会使亚马孙 古代树种灭绝。 1A.advertised B
9、described Cpublished Dpresented 解析：选 C 此处表示生物与进化的最新版发表的一项研究。故选 C。 2A.frightening Bsurprising Cexciting Dinteresting 解析：选 B“ 根据下文 more than 8 million years”可知，亚马孙一些树种的年龄是令 人吃惊的(surprising)。 3A.still Bnevertheless Chowever Dtherefore 解析：选 D 这些古代树种有着超过 800 万年的树龄，因此(therefore)表明了它们可以 幸存于和先前所有时期一样温暖的全球气候
10、变暖的时期，预测为 2100年。前后意义上为因果 关系。 4A.assess Bconfirm Cforecast Dpromise 解析：选 C“ 根据下文 the year 2100”可知，将来时间只能是预测(forecast)。 5A.particularly Bprobably Cmerely Dpossibly 解析：选 B 既然亚马孙的树种曾在高温气候中生存下来，所以将来也有可能(probably) 在气温升高的气候中存活。 6A.Since BAlthough CWhen DIf 解析：选 B 虽然随着温度的升高，严重的干旱及森林火灾将会影响亚马孙流域，但这些 树木将会忍受更高温
11、度的直接影响。故选 B。 7A.rise Bchange Cdrop Dend 解析：选 A“ 由本句末的 higher temperatures”可知此处应是温度升高。故选 A。 8A.consider Bdecide Cguarantee Drecommend 解析：选 D 空后面是作者的建议，故选 D。 9A.based Bbuilt Cfocused Dmade 2 解析：选 C 此处表示保护措施应当仍然集中于防止为了农业和矿业的发展而采伐森林。 故选 C。 10A.in relation to Bin response to Cin reply to Din reference to
12、 解析：选 B 这项研究与最近其他研究不同的是他们预测树种的灭绝是对相对小幅度的全 球平均气温升高的反应。in response to“响应，回答，对做出反应”，故选 B。in relation to“关于，涉及”；in reply to“”答复；in reference to“关于”。 11A.findings Bthoughts Cinventions Dwritings 解析：选 A 根据上一段中的“The study”，再结合第一段第一句中的“previous findings”可知答案选 A。 12A.threats Bdisadvantages Cembarrassments Di
13、nstructions 解析：选 A 此处是指干旱和过度采伐森林对于亚马孙的未来来说仍然是主要的威胁 (threats)。故选 A。 13A.accept Btolerate Cpermit Drequire 解析：选 B 虽然树种好像能忍耐比现在更高的温度，但亚马孙森林正在向农业和矿业转 变。根据上文第 7 空后的“stand the direct impact of higher temperatures”也可知，此 处应用 stand的同义词 tolerate。故选 B。 14A.farming Bplanting Ccatering Dmining 解析：选 D 由第二段最后一句中的“
14、deforestation(采伐森林) for agriculture and mining”可知选 D。 15A.power Binfluence Cdesire Dviolence 解析：选 B 此处指当这里没有人类影响的时候。故选 B。 16A.difficult Bclear Ceasy Dimportant 解析：选 A 现在气候变化极快，使之与过去缓慢地变化比较起来很难。故选 A。 17A.belief Bdirection Cunderstanding Dsuggestion 解析：选 C 更清楚地理解了亚马孙森林所面对的危险，我们推断出(conclude)人类直接 的影响，比如
15、为了农、矿业而采伐森林，仍是保护政策的重点。 3 18A.doubt Bconclude Ccalculate Dprefer 解析：选 B 参见上题解析。conclude“推断，做结论”。 19A.thought Bguidance Cprotection Daction 解析：选 D 为了把干旱和火灾的风险降到最低并保护(secure)亚马孙树种的未来，我们 也需要更多积极的行动来减少温室气体的排放。action“行动”。 20A.secure Badvance Csacrifice Devaluate 解析：选 A 参见上题解析。secure“保护，使安全”。 B For many pe
16、ople today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a neverending flood of words.In _1_ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _2_ can mean t
17、he difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _3_ readers.Most of us develop poor reading _4_ at an early age, and never get over them.The main deficiency _5_ in the actual stuff of language itself words.Taken individually, words have _6_ meaning until the
18、y are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs._7_， however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to _8_ words or passages.The tendency to look back over _9_ you have just read is a common bad habit in reading.Anot
19、her habit which _10_ down the speed of reading is vocalization sounding each word either orally or mentally as _11_ reads. To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an _12_， which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightl
20、y faster rate _13_ the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, _14_ wordbyword reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible.At first _15_ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not
21、 only read faster, _16_ your comprehension will improve.Many people have found _17_ reading skill drastically improved after some training._18_ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute _19_ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 word
22、s a minute.He is delighted that he can _20_ a lot 4 more reading material in a short period of time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阅读本来是一项愉悦身心的活动，但是忙碌的工作使人们阅读 时带有很强的目的性。本文就如何开展有效的快速阅读进行了简单的说明。 1A.applying Bdoing Coffering Dgetting 解析：选 D“ 此处说的是 谋得一份差事”。apply 需加 for“，意思是 申请”；do“做”； offer“提供”。此三项均不符合题意，只有 get(获得)适合。
23、2A.quickly Beasily Croughly Ddecidedly 解析：选 A 句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是决定成败的关键所在”。只有 quickly 与原意吻合。easily“容易地”；roughly“粗略地”； decidedly“果断地”。 3A.good Bcurious Cpoor Durgent 解析：选 C 英语中，阅读速度快的人称为 good reader，反之，就是 poor reader。根据 上下文的内容，多数人都属于 poor reader，因此选 poor。 4A.training Bhabits Csituations Dcustom 解析：选 B
24、此处的意思是“大多数人在早期养成看书慢的习惯”。habit“习惯”； training“训练，培训”；situation“形势”；custom“风俗习惯”。 5A.lies Bcombines Ctouches Dinvolves 解析：选 A 此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。lie与 in 构成搭 “配，意为 在于”。combine“联合”；touch“接触”；involve“包括”。 6A.some Ba lot Clittle Ddull 解析：选 C 这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些词，它们并没有什么意义”。little“很 ”少 是否定词，合乎逻辑。some“一些，
25、若干”；a lot“许多”；dull“单调的”。 7A.Fortunately BIn fact CLogically DUnfortunately 解析：选 D 此句语境为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良阅读习惯感到遗憾”。 unfortunately“不 幸 地 ”， 合 乎 语 境 。 fortunately“幸 运 地 ”； in fact“事 实 上 ”； logically“合乎逻辑地”。 5 8A.reuse Breread Crewrite Drecite 解析：选 B 此处语境为“未受过阅读训练的读者在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”。故选 reread“重读”。reuse“再使用
26、”；rewrite“改写”；recite“背诵”。 9A.what Bwhich Cthat Dif 解析：选 A 此处所填的词既是 look back over 的宾语，又是 you have just read 的宾 语，只有 what能充当这种双重成分。 10A.scales Bcuts Cslows Dmeasures 解析：选 C scale down“按比例减少”；cut down“削减”；这两项不符合题意。 measure 不能与 down 搭配。slow down“放慢”，符合语境。 11A.some one Bone Che Dreader 解析：选 B 此处用 one，表泛
27、指。 12A.accelerator Bactor Camplifier Dobserver 解析：选 A 语境为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选 accelerator“快 读 器 ”。 第 14 空 前 “The accelerator”亦 是 提 示 。 actor“演 员 ”； amplifier“放大器”；observer“观察者”。 13A.then Bas Cbeyond Dthan 解析：选 D 前面的 faster决定了选 than，构成比较级。 14A.enabling Bleading Cmaking Dindicating 解析：选 C“ 此句
28、意为 快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾 前文内容或者默读”。make“使，使得”，符合语境。enable相当于 make possible；lead“引 导”；indicate“指出，表明”。 15A.meaning Bcomprehension Cgist Dregression 解析：选 B“ 这里的意思是 速读最初会影响理解”，所以选 comprehension“理解”。第 16“空后 your comprehension”亦是提示。meaning“意义，意思”，指词汇或短语表示的意义； gist“大意，要旨”；regression“回归”。 6 16A.but
29、Bnor Cor Dfor 解 析：选 A 与前半句中的 not only相呼应，构成句式 not only . but (also)“不 ”仅而且，故选 but。 17A.our Byour Ctheir Dsuch 解析：选 C 本句中的主语是第三人称复数 Many people，故此处应用物主代词 their。 18A.Look at BTake CMake DConsider 解 析：选 B take与后面的 for instance“构成短语，意为 以为例”，其他三项不能 构成搭配。 19A.for Bin Cafter Dbefore 解析：选 D 这里指受训练之前与受训练之后的比较，因此选 before。 20A.refer to Bgo over Cset about Dget through 解 析：选 D“ 此处语境为 在短时间内，读完更多的材料”。refer to“参考”；go over“复 习”；set about“着手做”。只有 get through“”读完 最恰当。 7 8