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1、为什么要参与国际标准的制定,1 国家强盛，国际地位提高。 (利益和力量） 2 全球经济一体化，全球市场一体化。 （资本主义的预期） 3 中国加入WTO，融入了世界经济。 （主权的交换） 4 技术壁垒是唯一合法的壁垒。 （正当并合法的；与非正义并合法的） 5 中国有权也必须参与国际规则的制定。,企业参与国际标准制定的条件,1 企业有需求。 2 企业有思路。 3企业有相应的人才。 4 企业有财力。 5 企业有奉献精神。,如何参与国际标准的制定,1 了解国际规则和背景情况。 IEC的结构 ISO的结构 ISO/IEC导则 http:/www.iso.org/iso/home.htm http:/ww
2、w.iec.ch/,ISO会员大会,官员,会员、通讯会员、订阅会员的代表,政策发展委员会,符合性认证委员会,消费者政策委员会,发展中国家委员会,理事会,中央秘书处,理事会常务委员会,理事会财务常务委员会,理事会政策常务委员会,特别顾问组,技术管理局,技术委员会,政策和技术顾问组,General Assembly会员大会,会员大会由ISO官员，会员和通讯会员构成。定阅会员也可参加。会员大会一般一年一次，内容包括年度报告、ISO多年财政战略计划、司库的中央秘书处年度财政状况报告。 会员大会的主席由ISO主席担任。 The General Assembly is constituted by a m
3、eeting of the Officers and delegates nominated by the member bodies. correspondent members and subscriber members may attend as observers. As a general rule, the General Assembly meets once a year. Its agenda includes, inter alia, actions relating to the ISO annual report, an ISO multi-year strategi
4、c plan with financial implications, and the Treasurers annual financial status report on the Central Secretariat. The President is Chairman of the General Assembly.,ISO Principal Officers ISO 官员 President - Mr. Hkan Murby (2008) Sweden Vice-President (policy) - Dr. George Arnold (2009) USA Vice-Pres
5、ident (technical management) - Mr. Jacob Holmblad (2009) Denmark Treasurer - Mr. Julien Pitton (2010) Switzerland Secretary-General (chief executive officer) - Mr. Alan Bryden ISO Central Secretariat NOTE: Dr. Alan Morrison (Australia) has been elected ISO President for the 2009-2010 term and serves
6、 as President-elect in 2008.,ISO members会员,Member bodies会员 A member body of ISO is the national body “most representative of standardization in its country“. Only one such body for each country is accepted for membership of ISO. Member bodies are entitled to participate and exercise full voting righ
7、ts on any technical committee and policy committee of ISO. Correspondent members 通讯会员 A correspondent member is usually an organization in a country which does not yet have a fully-developed national standards activity. Correspondent members do not take an active part in the technical and policy dev
8、elopment work, but are entitled to be kept fully informed about the work of interest to them. Subscriber members 定阅会员 Subscriber membership has been established for countries with very small economies. Subscriber members pay reduced membership fees that nevertheless allow them to maintain contact wi
9、th international standardization.,Policy Development Committees 政策发展委员会,政策发展委员会是由会员大会建立的顾问委员会。会员和通讯会员有资格参与工作。其领导是理事会。 The General Assembly may establish advisory committees, called policy development committees. They are open to all member bodies and correspondent members, and their management repor
10、ting line is to the Council.,CASCO符合性认证委员会,Committee on conformity assessment Secretariat: ISO Central Secretariat Secretary: Mr. Sean MacCurtain Chairperson: M. Olivier Peyrat (France) until end 2008 Scope: Membership CASCO membership is open to interested member bodies as participating (P) or obse
11、rver (O) members and to interested correspondent members as observer (O) members. Terms of reference To study means of assessing the conformity of products, processes, services and management systems to appropriate standards or other technical specifications. To prepare international guides and Inte
12、rnational Standards relating to the practice of testing, inspection and certification of products, processes and services, and to the assessment of management systems, testing laboratories, inspection bodies, certification bodies, accreditation bodies and their operation and acceptance. To promote m
13、utual recognition and acceptance of national and regional conformity assessment systems, and the appropriate use of International Standards for testing, inspection, certification, assessment and related purposes.,Committee on consumer policy消费者政策委员会,Secretariat: ISO Central Secretariat Secretary: Mr
14、s. Dana Kissinger-Matray Chairperson: Ms. Jai Ok Kim (Korea, Republic of) until end 2009 Scope: Membership COPOLCO membership is open to interested member bodies as participating (P) or observer (O) members andto interested correspondent members as observer (O) members. Terms of reference To study m
15、eans of helping consumers to benefit from standardization, and means of improving consumer participation in national and international standardization. To provide a forum for the exchange of information on the experience of consumer participation in the development and implementation of standards in
16、 the consumer field, and on other questions of interest to consumers in national and international standardization. To advise ISO Council as to the consolidated viewpoints of consumers on matters relevant to ISOs current and potential standardization and conformity assessment work. To advise ISO Cou
17、ncil on the need for new or revised policies or actions within ISO as they relate to consumers needs.,DEVCO发展中国家委员会,Committee on developing country matters Created in 1961 Chair - Mr. Iman Sudarwo (2008) Indonesia Secretary - Mr. Beer Budoo ISO Central Secretariat Membership DEVCO membership is open
18、 to interested member bodies as participating (P) or observer (O) members and to interested correspondent members as observer (O) members. Participating countries: 84 Observer countries: 47 Terms of reference To identify the needs and requirements of developing countries in the fields of standardiza
19、tion and related activities (i.e. conformity assessment including accreditation, quality and metrology) and to assist the developing countries, as necessary, in defining these needs and requirements. Having established these needs and requirements, to recommend actions to assist the developing count
20、ries in meeting them. To monitor the implementation of the ISO Action Plan for Developing Countries. To provide a forum for the discussion of all aspects of standardization and related activities in developing countries, and for the exchange of experience among developing countries and developed cou
21、ntries, as well as among developing countries. This should be done in collaboration with CASCO, COPOLCO, the TMB and relevant international organizations.,Council standing committees 理事会常务委员会,Council standing committee on finance (CSC/FIN) 理事会财务常务委员会 Council standing committee on strategy (CSC/STRAT
22、) 理事会政策常务委员会,Council standing committee on finance (CSC/FIN) 理事会财务常务委员会,Terms of reference To act in an advisory capacity to the Treasurer in relation to his responsibilities as set out in the Statutes and relevant decisions of Council (see item 7 of the Annex (informative) to the ISO Statutes and R
23、ules of Procedure). To be kept informed on the financial aspects of ISO/CS management and to advise the Secretary-General and Council on questions related to assessing the value of the services provided by the ISO/CS to all of the ISO members, to the TCs and SCs, and to the governance bodies and pol
24、icy development committees of ISO. To provide advice to Council on other specific financial questions when requested to do so. To report to Council as appropriate. Membership The committee shall comprise the Treasurer and the appointed representatives of up to nine member bodies elected to Council.
25、Members shall be appointed by Council for a two-year term coinciding with their terms on Council. Chairmanship The committee shall elect its Chairman from the membership.,Council standing committee on strategy (CSC/STRAT) 理事会政策常务委员会,Terms of reference To advise Council on appropriate policy and stra
26、tegic matters, and to raise any related issues. To prepare annual strategy implementation plans for approval by Council. To revise the ISO Strategic Plan every five years for endorsement by Council and subsequent approval by the General Assembly. To report to Council at least once a year. Membership
27、 The committee shall comprise - the appointed representatives of up to nine member bodies elected to Council. Members shall be appointed by Council for a two-year term coinciding with their terms on Council. - the Chairs of the policy development committees, as ex-officio members. Chairmanship The c
28、ommittee shall be chaired by the Vice-President (policy).,COUNCIL理事会,理事会由IEC官员和18名被选出会员构成。理事会主席由IEC主席或副主席担任。理事会负责ISO的管理、任命司库、任命技术管理局的12名成员、任命政策发展委员会的主席。决定中央秘书处的年度预算 The operations of ISO are governed by the Council, consisting of the Officers and eighteen elected member bodies. Council appoints the
29、Treasurer, the twelve members of the Technical Management Board, and the Chairmen of the policy development committees. It also decides on the annual budget of the Central Secretariat. In 2008, the member bodies elected to the Council are the following: ABNT Brazil (2009) AENOR Spain (2009) AFNOR Fr
30、ance (2008) ANSI USA (2008) BIS India (2009) BSI United Kingdom (2009) DIN Germany (2008) DS Denmark (2008) DSM Malaysia (2008) INNORPI Tunisia (2009) JISC Japan (2009) KEBS Kenya (2009) MSA Malta (2008) NEN Netherlands (2009) SABS South Africa (2008) SAC China (2009) SPRING SG Singapore (2008) SUTN
31、 Slovakia (2008) The Council is chaired by the President if he chooses to do so, or otherwise by the Vice-President (policy).,ISO Central Secretariat ( CS ) ISO中央秘书处,中央秘书处是会员大会、理事会、政策发展委员会及其附属机构、技术管理局和引用文件委员会的秘书处。秘书长是Mr. Alan Bryden The Central Secretariat acts as secretariat to the General Assembly
32、, the Council, the policy development committees and their subsidiary bodies, the Technical Management Board and the committee on reference materials (REMCO). Secretary General : Mr. Alan Bryden,Ad hoc advisory groups特别顾问组,For the purpose of advancing the goals and strategic objectives of the Organi
33、zation, the President, with the consent of Council, may establish ad hoc advisory groups consisting, inter alia, of external executive leaders from organizations having a substantial interest in international standardization. Members of such groups shall be invited by the President to participate as
34、 individuals rather than as representatives of member bodies. Recommendations of such groups shall be made to the Council for any subsequent action.,Technical Management Board (TMB)技术管理局,Chairperson: Mr. Jacob Holmblad (Denmark) until end 2009 Secretary: Mr. Michael A. Smith Members :ABNT Brazil (20
35、08)、AENOR Spain (2010)、AFNOR France (2008)、ANSI USA (2009)、BSI United Kingdom (2009) DIN Germany (2009)、JISC Japan (2010) NEN Netherlands (2008) SABS South Africa (2008) SAC China (2008) SCC Canada (2010) SN Norway (2008) Terms of reference技术管理局的职责是在组织、协调、战略计划和技术工作程序方面向理事会负责，调查新的工作领域，建立或撤销技术委员会。 To
36、report to and, when relevant, advise Council on all matters concerning the organization, coordination, strategic planning, and programming of the technical work of ISO. To examine proposals for new fields of ISO technical activity, and to decide on all matters concerning the establishment and dissol
37、ution of technical committees. On behalf of ISO, to keep the ISO/IEC Directives for the technical work under review, to examine and coordinate all proposals for amendments and to approve appropriate revisions.,Technical Management Board (TMB),To act, within the framework of established policies rela
38、ting to the technicalwork, on the following matters: monitoring of the work of technical committees and project managementrequirements; approval of titles, scopes and programmes of work of individual technicalcommittees; allocation or reallocation of secretariats of technical committees and, in the
39、case of there being more than one candidate, allocation or reallocation ofsecretariats of subcommittees; appointment of chairmen of technical committees; appeals against technical committee and subcommittee action or inaction; resolution of technical coordination issues between ISO technicalcommitte
40、es, and vis-vis IEC, other international organizations, and regionalorganizations; advising the Secretary-General on technical interface questions between ISO and IEC, and with respect to technical collaboration with other internationalstandardizing bodies. To appoint registration authorities and ma
41、intenance agencies for theimplementation of International Standards. To establish (and dissolve) Technical Advisory Groups (TAG) in order toobtain expert advice, and to appoint their members and chairmen. To establish (and dissolve) committees on general standardizationprinciples and to appoint thei
42、r chairmen.,Strategic and technical advisory groups and REMCO 政策和技术顾问组,Strategic advisory groups (SAG) 政策顾问组 Technical advisory groups (TAG) 技术顾问组 ISO/IEC/ITU-T SAG: ISO/IEC/ITU-安全政策顾问组 REMCO - Committee on reference materials 文件引用委员会,Strategic advisory groups (SAG) 政策顾问组,政策顾问组由技术管理局建立，负责在特定领域里提供策略方
43、面的建议，并探究在新领域里标准化的机遇。 Strategic advisory groups (SAG) are established by the Technical Management Board as needed to provide strategic oversight and advice in particular fields, and also to explore standardization opportunities in new areas. The secretariat of the SAGs and TAGs is with the Central Se
44、cretariat.,Strategic advisory groups (SAG) 政策顾问组,ISO/IEC/ITU-T SAG: Security 安全 SAG 1: Management systems standardization 管理体系标准 SAG 2: Energy 能源,Technical advisory groups (TAG) 技术顾问组,技术顾问组由技术管理局建立，技术顾问组主要在基础，综合和领域交叉等方面提供建议。 Technical advisory groups (TAG) are established, when necessary, by the Tec
45、hnical Management Board to advise the Board on matters of basic, sectoral and cross-sectoral coordination, coherent planning and the needs for new work. The secretariat of the SAGs and TAGs is with the Central Secretariat.,Technical advisory groups (TAG) 技术顾问组,TAG 1: Health care technology 卫生保健技术 TA
46、G 4: Metrology 计量 TAG 8: Building 建筑 TAG 13 : Managementsystemsstandardization (joint technical coordination group) 管理体系标准,REMCO - Committee on reference materials 文件引用委员会,REMCO is a specialized committee developing ISO Guides concerning reference materials, in particular on associated terminology,
47、reference material production and use. It provides guidance to ISO committees on making reference to such generic issues in ISOs technical publications.,IEC理事会,执行委员会,理事局,标准管理局,中央秘书处,管理顾问委员会,工业领域局,技术顾问委员会,技术委员会,IEC的最高权利机构是理事会,理事会是国家委员会的会员大会. IEC同时还包括管理、执行、顾问组织和官员. IEC官员是指主席,上届和下届主席,副主席,司库和秘书长. The su
48、preme authority of the IEC is the Council, which is the general assembly of the National Committees, who are the Commissions members. The IEC also comprises management, executive and advisory bodies and Officers. The Officers of the IEC are the President, Deputy President (Immediate Past-President o
49、r President-elect), Vice-Presidents, Treasurer, and General Secretary.,理事会 理事会是立法机构,由IEC官员和个国家委员会主席组成.负责设立方针政策,长期战略,经济目标.授权CB管理全部IEC工作,授权SMB和CAB负责标准和合格评定工作.选举IEC官员和CB,SMB,CAB的主席和成员.制修定IEC法规和议事规则，审议CB的决议.理事会会议至少一年一次,与IEC会员大会一起招开. The Council sets IEC policy and long-term strategic and financial objectives. It delegates the management of all IEC work to the Council Board, with specific management responsibilities in the spheres of standards and conformity assessment being assumed by the Standardization Manage