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1、Module two Great People and Great Invention of Ancient China Grammar -the attributive clauses,Shangdong province Ningjin middle school No.1 by Dong Zhenlin,1.平等的 adj_n._adv._ 2.仁政的重要性_ 3. order a)秩序： 把某物放好; 井井有条; 乱七八糟出故障。 b)命令：命令某人做某事 c)订购，订单：向某人订购某物 4.从某处辞职 5. 对有影响 6.说实话 7.与某人争论某事 8.信仰 9.与 相似 10.与交
2、战 11.抚养 12.采纳某人的建议 13.因此,Review the important words,Complete the following sentences,1.Toyota had to recall more than 75 thousand car s for the same acceleration pedal problem(加速油门踏板问题) _ (在公众的压力之下)。 2. Premier Wen Jiabao _(强调公平的重要性)in the 11th National Peoples Congress .,under the stress of the pub
3、llic,stressed the importance of equality,Review the important sentences in the context,1.Ancient China was a place _. (各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。) 2.But it was also a time _. (有许多哲学家的时期。) 3.Confusius is the philosopher _. (他的影响是最大的。) 4.Mozi was another teacher _. (极具影响力的先哲。) 5.He came from a family _. (贫寒之家。),wh
4、ere states were often at war with each other,when there were many great philosopher,whose influence has been the greatest,who was very influential,which was very poor,简单句的 五种基本句型 与 句子成分,(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P ) The weather is very cold. (2) 主语+不及物动词(S+Vi ) He laughed. (3) 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O ) I like Chi
5、nese food.,P,Vi,Vt,O,(4) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+V+IO+DO) She taught them physics. (5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) We must keep the room warm.,IO,DO,C,请说出下列句子类型。,1.Summer is coming. 2.They wont let me go. 3.He showed me a new TV set. 4.She knows what to do. 5.The weather is very cold.,S+Vi,S+V+C,S+V+IO+D
6、O,S+V+O,S+V+P,句子的基本成分,一. 基础知识 1.句子成分的划分：主、谓、宾、定、状、补、同位语、表语,He is a student. （a student是表语） 主 谓,He likes English. 主 谓 宾,This dictionary looks beautiful on the shelf. (this作定语) 主 谓 状,He is studying here now. 主 谓 状 状,We students made him monitor. 主 谓 宾 宾补,Tom is fairly careless. Strangely, he drives ve
7、ry carefully. (fairly和very是状语) 主 谓 状 主 谓 状,各成分的定义,back,思考?句子的基本成分与复合句的关系,英语中的复合句中的表语从句，宾语从句，定语从句与句子成分的关系是怎样的呢？,李老师给我的第一印象是他是害羞的和紧张的。 My first impression of Mrs. li is great. 主 + 系动词 +表语 My first impression of Mrs. li is that she was nervous and shy . 我们看到了被遗弃的在一百多年前建立的农场 。 We saw abandoned farms （wh
8、ich were built more than 100 years ago ）,定语从句与句子成分的关系,指出下列各从句的类型：,I hope that everything is all right. She was reading the newspaper when I came in. She is the girl who sings best of all. Conclusion: 从句在主句中做什么成分就是什么从句,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,back,the attributive clause,定 语 从 句,（一）定义及相关术语,1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫
9、定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。,2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。,3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有when, where, why等,关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分,e.g. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.,（二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。,Yesterd
10、ay I helped an old man who had lost his way.,Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning,2whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。,Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.,The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.,注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，
11、也可省略。,The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.,3which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时 常可省略。,He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers .,This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday,4that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。,The number of people that / who com
12、e to visit this city each year reaches one million.,The person (that /whom) you introduced to me is very kind.,The season that / which comes after spring is summer.,5whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。,I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.,I once lived in the house whose roof has fa
13、llen in.,注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：,The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.,The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.,（三）关系副词引导的定语从句 1 when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。,I still remember the day when I first came to this school.,The time when we got together finally arrived.,2 whe
14、re 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。,The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.,I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised .,3 why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。,Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.,注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。,From the years when / in which he was going to prima
15、ry school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up,Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live.,The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.,back,1. The man_spoke at the meeting this morning is a famous lawyer. 2. The girl_ yo
16、u saw just now is jane. 3 . This is a book_ was written in English by a teacher. 4. The picture_ he draw in the 1980ais are on show. 5.The book_ cover is red is mine. 比较：this is the book whose cover is blue. this is the book is blue.,Have a try!,who/that,whom/that/who,which/that,which/that,whose,the
17、 cover of which,(主语),（宾语）,(主语),（宾语）,（定语）,1.Jim passed the driving test, _surprised everybody in the office.（05浙江） A. which B. that C. this D. it,2. Theyve won their last three matches. _（做宾语）I find a bit surprising actually.（2009年辽宁卷） A. that B. when C. what D. which,3Many children， _parents are awa
18、y working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village(2009年安徽卷) Atheir Bwhose Cof them Dwith whom,4. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (2009年 上海卷) A. Where B. when C. there D. which,5. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _local
19、5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night (2009年江苏卷) A. if B. when C. which D. since,back,A,D,B,A,B,四 ：定语从句要点记忆理解,1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,二：关系代词与关系副词的选择呢 ？,三：定语从句的特殊情况 ？,关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分,一：引导定语从句的关系代词归
20、纳,二：引导定语从句的关系副词归纳,关系代词与关系副词的选择 用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）。,比较： A. I know a place where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.,C. I will never forget the days _we spent our holidays together.,D. I will never forget the days _we sp
21、ent together.,E. This is the reason _he was dismissed.,F. This is the reason _he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.,when,that / which,why,that / which,三. as与which的区别：,四：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：,五. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：,五. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：,Have a try !,Firstly ,Do the exe
22、rcise on your paper and discuss your answer in groups, then ,ask a student of each group explain your answer.,Home work : Do exercise and on on your paper .,1. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _made the others envy him. (04天津) A. who B. that C. what D. which,2.Jim passed
23、 the driving test, _surprised everybody in the office. （05浙江） A. which B. that C. this D. it,3. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (04北京) A. It B. As C. That D. What,as与which的区别,4. I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. (2009年天津卷) A. as B. which C. when D. though,D,A,B,A,