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1、一、动词分类：四种 二、情态动词特点 1. 情态动词不受主语（单复数人称）影响。 2. 情态动词+动词原形做谓语。 特例：ought to+动词原形 have to +动词原形 3. 否定式：情态动词+not+动词原形 疑问式：情态动词+主语+动词原形? 4. 情态动词的基本要求： 1）有哪些？2）基本意义和特殊用法。,三、情态动词巧妙记忆,(一)原形和一般过去式 1.cancould 2. maymight 3. shallshould 4. willwould 5. have (has) tohad to （二）无形式变换的 1.must 2. ought to,（三）既可以做情态动词又可
2、以做实义动词的 dare，need 做题时需要分类讨论 （四）had better used to would rather,四、高考情态动词考点一,shall 1）一，三人称，疑问句，征求对方意见或请求。 2）二，三人称，陈述句, 命令,警告,允诺,威胁。 3）条约、法律、规章、预言等文件中，表示义务、规定。一二三人称。,2. must 1）第二人称，翻译成：“偏要，硬要” 2）表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。 must be 现在的动作 “肯定是” must be doing 现在正在进行的动作 “现在肯定正在做” must have done 过去发生的事情 “过去肯定做了某事”,3. c
3、an /could 1）表示推测时，主要用在否定句或疑问句中。 cant becouldnt be “肯定不是” Its so late. Can Tom be reading? It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill. can/could not be doing “肯定不是正在做” can/could not have done “过去不可能做某事” I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.,2）can/could have done 用于肯定句中 “本来能做” You could have had
4、 a better mark. 3）-Could (Can) you? - Yes, I can (不用could) - May I use your computer? - Of course you can.,4) cannot （helpchoose）but +动词原形 “不得不，只能” I cannot help but tell her the truth. cannot help it “控制不住，没有办法 ” cannot too “无论怎样也不为过” I cannot thank you too much cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事 5）could
5、nt +动词原形+比较级 （再不过了） It couldnt be better. I couldnt agree with you more.,4. may/might 1) 表示推测时，用于陈述句，表示把握不大。 might/may （not）do sth “现在将来可能（没）做某事” mightmay （not ）be doing sth “现在可能（没）正在做” might/may have done “过去可能做了某事”。 might/may not have done “过去可能没做某事”。,They may come here tomorrow. He might be doin
6、g his homework now. He might have read about the news in the newspaper. 2) May+主语+动词原形。表示祝愿。 祝你成功？ 3） maymight as well do sth =had better do sth “最好” You may as well stay at home tonight.,5. mustnt do 表示“不可以，绝对不能做” dont have to do 表示 “没有必要做”=dont need to do=neednt do -Must I/ he/? -No, you/ he/needn
7、t/dont doesnt have to.(不用mustnt) 6. can do 只表示有能力 be able to do 有能力并经过努力做成了某事。=manage to do =succeed in doing,7. used to do 过去常常做，现在不这样了。 否定式是 usednt to do 或者didnt use to do. 疑问式是 used +主语 to do 或者 did +主语 use to do 8. needdare 1）做情态动词常用在否定句和疑问句中 2）need 引起的疑问句，肯定回答用have to do 或must；否定回答用neednt 或者don
8、t have to Need I/he/? Yes, you/he/must.(不用need),9. will/would 1）用于第二人称表请求，意志，决心，请求。 would比will更委婉礼貌。 If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy. I promised that I would do my best. 2）用于第三人称表示习惯性动作或者某种倾向。 will表现在，would 表过去。 On Sundays, he would get up early and go fishing.,10. should表惊
9、异、意外等情绪, 常译为“竟然”。 11. “祈使句附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will you形式。Stand still, will you? 12. ought to（客观看法）比should do（主观看法）语气强烈。都可表示推测（可能性很大）。 ought to 的否定式是ought not to =oughtnt to 疑问式是ought +主语+to do sth 13. If +主语+should, 祈使句。礼貌地提出建议。 If you should see him, please give him my regards.,考点一练习,1. “The interest_ be
10、 divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall 2. -The room is so dirty. _we clean it? - Of course. A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do,3. - What does the sign over there read? - “No person _smoke or carry a lighted cigaret
11、te，cigar or pipe in this area“ Awill Bmay Cshall D. must 4. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？ A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 5. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. might B. need C. should D. would,考点二：情态动词+have + v-ed 都是与过去行为有关,一）表示对过
12、去发生事情的推测 1. must have done 2. might/may have done 3. might/may not have done 4. can/could not have done,二）本来，却（没有). 1. could have done 2. ought to should have done 3. ought not to should not have done 4. neednt have done need have done 5. will have done,情态动词+have + v-ed练习,1. Mr. White _at 8：30 for t
13、he meeting，but he didnt show up. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving 2. Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted. Really？ I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing. A. must B. may C. can D. should,3. I have lost one of my g
14、loves. I_ it somewhere. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped 4. I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt,5. We _have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in th
15、e past ten years. A. neednt B. may not C. shouldnt D. mustnt 6. I stayed at a hotel while in New York . Oh, did you? Youwith Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed,7. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me . A.
16、should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken 8. He paid for a seat, when he_ have entered free. A. could B. would C. must D. need,9. I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting . mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spoken C. cant have spoken
17、 D. shouldnt have spoken 10. He didnt do well in the exam. He_ hard at his lessons. must have worked B. ought to have worked C. would have worked D. has worked,高考考题典型题目 1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I
18、_it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been,B,D,B,4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant
19、be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could,D,C,6. -Did the train arrive in time? -No. It _ two hours ago. A. must have arrived B. ought to have arrived C. must arrive D. ought to arrive 7. “M
20、ust I drive to his house and pick up the children?“ “No, .“ A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you mustnt,B,C,8. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would have not attended,B,9. There is someone k
21、nocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought to,A,10. Two years ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have to,D,11. You _ such a long composition. The teac
22、her only asked for 300 words. You have written 600. A. mustnt have written B. couldnt have written C. neednt have written D. do not have to write,C,巩 固 练 习,1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt hav
23、e eaten 2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning? A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clock C. must have no one t o call her D. should have someone to wake her up 3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to. A.should
24、 have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone,B,B,A,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up 5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion, you
25、 _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have done C. should have done D. could have done,D,C,2.I wonder how he_that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,D,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. A neednt dr
26、ess B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up,D,1The flower is dead. I _ it yesterday. Ashould water Bmust water Cshould have watered Dmustnt have watered 2What time ought I _? Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive 3He _ speak to his mother like that. Aought not to Bdoesnt ought to Cnot ought to Dought to not 4I dont think wed better _ it any more. Adiscuss Bdiscussing Cto discuss Ddiscussed 5You ought to _ him, but you didnt. Ahelp Bhelped Chelping Dhave helped,C,D,A,A,D,