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1、Ball and Roller Bearings For New T echnology Network R corporation CAT. NO.2202-/E Technical DataA- 5 Deep Groove Ball BearingsB- 5 Miniature and Extra Small BearingsB- 29 Angular Contact Ball BearingsB- 41 Self-Aligning Ball BearingsB- 77 Cylindrical Roller BearingsB- 89 Tapered Roller BearingsB-13
2、1 Spherical Roller BearingsB-229 Thrust BearingsB-265 Locknuts, Lockwashers radial bearings carry radial loads and thrust bearings carry axial loads. Other classification methods include: 1) number of rolling rows (single, multiple, or 4-row), 2) separable and non-separable, in which either the inne
3、r ring or the outer ring can be detached, 3) thrust bearings which can carry axial loads in only one direction, and double direction thrust bearings which can carry loads in both directions. There are also bearings designed for special applications, such as: railway car journal roller bearings (RCT
4、bearings), ball screw support bearings, turntable bearings, as well as rectilinear motion bearings (linear ball bearings, linear roller bearings and linear flat roller bearings). A-5 Outerring Inner ring Cage Ball Deep groove ball bearing Fig 1.1 Ball Cage Outer ring Inner ring Angular contact ball
5、bearing Fig. 1.2 Inner ring Outer ring Cage Roller Cylindrical roller bearing Fig. 1.3 Outer ring Roller Cage Needle roller bearing Fig. 1.4 Outer ring Roller Cage Inner ring Tapered roller bearing Fig. 1.5 Outer ring Inner ring Roller Cage Spherical roller bearing Fig. 1.6 Inner ring Outer ring Bal
6、l Cage Thrust ball bearing Fig. 1.7 Outer ring Inner ring Roller Cage Thrust roller bearing Fig. 1.8 1. Classification and Characteristics of Rolling Bearings Classification and Characteristics of Rolling Bearings A-6 High-speed duplex angular contact ball bearings (for axial loads) Insert ball bear
7、ings Rolling bearings Ball bearings Roller bearings Radial ball bearings Thrust ball bearings Radial roller bearings Thrust roller bearings Single row deep groove ball bearings Single row angular contact ball bearings Duplex angular contact ball bearings Double row angular contact ball bearings Four
8、-point contact ball bearings Self-aligning ball bearings Single direction thrust ball bearings with flat back face Double direction angular contact thrust ball bearings Single row cylindrical roller bearings Double row cylindrical roller bearings Needle roller bearings Single row tapered roller bear
9、ings Double row tapered roller bearings Spherical roller bearings Cylindrical roller thrust bearings Needle roller thrust bearings Tapered roller thrust bearings Spherical roller thrust bearings Classification and Characteristics of Rolling Bearings A-7 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Ultra thin wall type ball bear
10、ings Special application bearings Turntable bearings Clearance adjusting needle roller bearings Complex bearings Ball screw support bearings Connecting rod cage-equipped needle rollers Yoke type track rollers Stud type track rollers Railway car journal roller bearings (RCT bearings) Ultra-clean vacu
11、um bearings Linear motion bearings Linear motion bearings are not listed in this catalog Rubber molded bearings SL-type cylindrical roller bearings Crossed roller thrust bearings Special application bearings are not listed in this catalog. Fig. 1.9 Classification of rolling bearings Classification a
12、nd Characteristics of Rolling Bearings A-8 Snap ring Cage Rivet Ball Inner ring raceway Outer ring raceway Bearing chamfer Shield Inner ring side face Inner ring Outer ring Width Bearing bore diameter Pitch circle diameter Bearing outside diameter Outer ring, front face Inner ring, back face Effecti
13、ve load center Inner ring, front face Outer ring, back face Contact angle Fig. 1.10 Diagram of representative bearing parts Deep groove ball bearingAngular contact ball bearing Inner ring with rib Roller inscribed circle diameter Outer ring with 2 ribs L-shaped loose rib Cylindrical roller Cone fron
14、t face rib Contact angle Cup small inside diameter (SID) Cup, back face Cone, front face Cup, front face Cone, back face Effective load center Cone back face rib Tapered roller Standout Bearing width Cylindrical roller bearingTapered roller bearing Lock washer Locknut Sleeve Tapered bore of inner ri
15、ng Inner ring Spherical roller Outer ring Shaft washer Housing washer Ball Bearing bore diameter Bearing outside diameter Bearing height Spherical roller bearingSingle-direction thrust ball bearing Classification and Characteristics of Rolling Bearings A-9 1.3 Characteristics of rolling bearings 1.3
16、.1 Characteristics of rolling bearings Rolling bearings come in many shapes and varieties, each with its own distinctive features. However, when compared with sliding bearings, rolling bearings all have the following advantages: (1) The starting friction coefficient is lower and there is little diff
17、erence between this and the dynamic friction coefficient is produced. (2) They are internationally standardized, interchangeable and readily obtainable. (3) They are easy to lubricate and consume less lubricant. (4) As a general rule, one bearing can carry both radial and axial loads at the same tim
18、e. (5) May be used in either high or low temperature applications. (6) Bearing rigidity can be improved by preloading. Construction, classes, and special features of rolling bearings are fully described in the boundary dimensions and bearing numbering system section. 1.3.2 Ball bearings and roller b
19、earings Generally speaking, when comparing ball and roller bearings of the same dimensions, ball bearings exhibit a lower frictional resistance and lower face run-out in rotation than roller bearings. This makes them more suitable for use in applications which require high speed, high precision, low
20、 torque and low vibration. Conversely, roller bearings have a larger load carrying capacity which makes them more suitable for applications requiring long life and endurance for heavy loads and shock loads. 1.3.3 Radial and thrust bearings Almost all types of rolling bearings can carry both radial a
21、nd axial loads at the same time. Generally, bearings with a contact angle of less than 45 have a much greater radial load capacity and are classed as radial bearings; whereas bearings which have a contact angle over 45 have a greater axial load capacity and are classed as thrust bearings. There are
22、also bearings classed as complex bearings which combine the loading characteristics of both radial and thrust bearings. 1.3.4 Standard bearings and special bearings Bearings which are internationally standardized as to shape and size are much more economical to use, as they are interchangeable and a
23、vailable on a worldwide basis. However, depending on the type of machine they are to be used in, and the expected application and function, a non-standard or specially designed bearing may be best to use. Bearings that are adapted to specific applications, and “unit bearings“ which are integrated (b
24、uilt-in) into a machines components, and other specially designed bearings are also available. Selection of bearing type and configuration (1) Dimensional limitations The allowable space for bearings is typically limited. In most cases, shaft diameter (or the bearing bore diameter) has been determin
25、ed according to the machines other design specifications. Therefore, a bearings type and dimensions are determined according to standard bearing bore diameters. For this reason all dimension tables are organized according to standard bore diameters. There is a wide range of standardized bearing type
26、s and dimensions: the right one for a particular application can usually be found in these tables. (2) Bearing load The characteristics, magnitude, and direction of loads acting upon a bearing are extremely variable. In general, the basic rated loads shown in bearing dimension tables indicate their
27、load capacity. However, in determining the appropriate bearing type, consideration must also be given to whether the acting load is a radial load only or an axial load only, or combined radial and axial load, etc. When ball and roller bearings within the same dimension series are considered, the rol
28、ler bearings have a larger load capacity and are also capable of withstanding greater vibration and shock loads. (3) Rotational speed The allowable speed of a bearing will differ depending upon bearing type, size, tolerances, cage type, load, lubricating conditions, and cooling conditions. The allow
29、able speeds listed in the bearing tables for grease and oil lubrication are for standard NTN bearings. In general, deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings are most suitable for high speed applications. (4) Bearing tolerances The dimensional accuracy
30、and operating tolerances of bearings are regulated by ISO and JIS standards. For equipment requiring high tolerance shaft runout or high speed operation, etc., bearings with Class 5 tolerance or higher are recommended. Deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, and cylindrical roller
31、bearings are recommended for high rotational tolerances. (5) Rigidity Elastic deformation occurs along the contact surfaces of a bearings rolling elements and raceway surfaces when under load. With certain types of equipment it is necessary to reduce this deformation as much as 2. Bearing Selection
32、Rolling element bearings are available in a variety of types, configurations, and sizes. When selecting the correct bearing for your application, it is important to consider several factors, such as the calculation of various angles and clearances, which will ensure proper fit. A comparison of the p
33、erformance characteristics for each bearing type is shown in Table 2.1. As a general guideline, the basic procedure for selecting the most appropriate bearing is shown in the following flow chart. A-10 Bearing Selection 2.1 Bearing selection flow chart Shaft runout tolerances (refer to page insert -
34、33) Rotational speed (refer to page insert -68) Torque fluctuation Design life of components to house bearings (refer to page insert -17) Dynamic/static equivalent load conditions (refer to page insert -23) Safety factor (refer to page insert -17) Allowable speed (refer to page insert -68) Allowable
35、 axial load (refer to page insert -17, 25) Allowable space (refer to page insert -28) Dimensional limitations (refer to page insert -28) Bearing load (magnitude, direction, vibration; presence of shock load) (refer to page insert -19) Rotational speed (refer to page insert -68) Bearing tolerances (r
36、efer to page insert -33) Rigidity (refer to page insert -64) Allowable misalignment of inner/outer rings (refer to page insert -85) Friction torque (refer to page insert -69) Bearing arrangement (fixed side, floating side) (refer to page insert -13) Installation and disassembly requirements (refer t
37、o page insert -86) Bearing availability and cost Function and construction of components to house bearings Bearing mounting location Bearing load (direction and magnitude) Rotational speed Vibration and shock load Bearing temperature (ambient and friction-generated) Operating environment (potential
38、for corrosion, degree of contamination, extent of lubrication) Confirm operating conditions and operating environment Select bearing type and configuration Select bearing dimensions Select bearing tolerances ProcedureConfirmation items Bearing Selection A-11 Fig. 2.1 possible. Roller bearings exhibi
39、t less elastic deformation than ball bearings, and therefore are recommended for such equipment. Furthermore, in some cases, bearings are given an initial load (preloaded) to increase their shafting rigidity. This procedure is commonly applied to deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball beari
40、ngs, and tapered roller bearings. (6) Misalignment of inner and outer rings Shaft flexure, variations in shaft or housing accuracy, and fitting errors, etc. result in a certain degree of misalignment between the bearings inner and outer rings. In cases where the degree of misalignment is likely to b
41、e relatively large, self-aligning ball bearings, spherical roller bearings, or bearing units with self- aligning properties are the most appropriate choices. (Refer to Fig. 2.1) (7) Noise and torque levels Rolling bearings are manufactured and processed according to high precision standards, and the
42、refore generally produce only slight amounts of noise and torque. For applications requiring particularly low-noise or low-torque operation, deep groove ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings are most appropriate. (8) Installation and disassembly Some applications require frequent disassembly
43、 and reassembly to enable periodic inspections and repairs. For such applications, bearings with separable inner/outer rings, such as cylindrical roller bearings, needle roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings are most appropriate. Incorporation of adapter sleeves simplifies the installation an
44、d disassembly of self- aligning ball bearings and spherical roller bearings with tapered bores. Material and shape of shaft and housing (refer to page insert -83) Fit (refer to page insert -47) Temperature differential between inner/outer rings (refer to page insert -57) Allowable misalignment of in
45、ner/outer rings (refer to page insert -85) Load (magnitude, nature) (refer to page insert -19) Amount of preload (refer to page insert -64) Rotational speed (refer to page insert -68) Rotational speed (refer to page insert -68) Noise level Vibration and shock load Momentary load Lubrication type and
46、 method (refer to page insert -70) Operating temperature (refer to page insert -70) Rotational speed (refer to page insert -68) Lubrication type and method (refer to page insert -70) Sealing method (refer to page insert -78) Maintenance and inspection (refer to page insert -86) Operating environment
47、 (high/low temperature, vacuum, pharmaceutical, etc.) Requirement for high reliability Installation-related dimensions (refer to page insert -84) Installation and disassembly procedures (refer to page insert -86) Select bearings internal clearance Select cage type and material Select lubricant, lubr
48、ication method, sealing method Select any special bearing specifications Confirm handling procedures Self-aligning ball bearingSpherical roller bearing Allowable misalignment angle Allowable misalignment angle A-12 Bearing Selection Table 2.1 Types and characteristics of rolling bearings Deep groove
49、 ball bearings Angular contact ball bearings Double row angular contact ball bearings Duplex angular contact ball bearings Self- aligning ball bearings Cylindrical roller bearings Single- flange cylindrical roller bearings Double- flange cylindrical roller bearings Double row cylindrical roller bearings Tapered roller bearings Multi-row, 4-row tapered roller bearings. Spherical roller bearings Thrust ball bearings Double