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1、第五讲 情态动词和虚拟语气,情态动词,一、情态动词基本用法一览表,(续表),(续表),(续表),(续表),(续表),二、“情态动词be doing”和“情态动词have done”,用法一览表,(续表),(续表),虚拟语气,一、与事实相反的虚拟语气,1.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,(续表),2.常接虚拟语气句型的结构有：as if/though, even if/though,would rather, if only, wish 等。如：,I would rather you came to see me tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天,再来看我。,If only I had had
2、more time. 我当时要是有更多的时间就,好了。,How I wish I were always 20 years old! 我要是一直都是二,十岁该多好啊！,二、虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法,(续表),(续表),三、虚拟语气的注意事项 1.虚拟语气的倒装,在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果有 should, were, had 时， 可以省略 if，并将 should, were, had 提到主语前面引起倒装。如：,Had I followed your advice, I would not have made such a,silly mistake.我要是听了你的建议，我就不
3、会犯这么愚蠢的错 误了。,Were it not for his help, we would have got lost in the forest.,要不是他的帮助，我们就会在森林里迷路了。,2.混合时态的虚拟语气,在有些句子中，主句和从句动作发生的时间是不一致的，,这时需要根据情况来调整。如：,If I had not got caught in the rain yesterday, I would not be in,hospital now.我昨天要是没淋雨，今天就不会住院了。(从句对过 去虚拟，主句对现在虚拟),If I had done better in the exam,
4、my parents would take me to,Australia for holiday this summer.我这次考试要是考得好一些的 话，我父母今年暑假就会带我去澳洲度假了。(从句对过去虚拟， 主句对将来虚拟),3.当 suggest 表示“暗示，表明”，insist 表示“(对某个事 实)坚持认为”时，其后的宾语从句要用陈述语气。如： Her pale face suggested that she was ill.她苍白的脸色表明她,生病了。,He insisted that he was right and that he (should) not be,punishe
5、d.他坚持认为他是对的，不该受罚。,4.有的假设情况是以其他形式出现的，即可用 without, but,for, otherwise 等代替虚拟语气条件句。如：,Human could not not exist on the earth without water.没有水，,人类不可能在地球上生存。,But for the bad weather, we would have had a good time.要不,是糟糕的天气，我们会玩得很开心。,With your help, we could have finished the task earlier.要是有,了你的帮忙，我们还可以更早完成任务。,He is ill.Otherwise he would come to your party tonight.他病,了。不然他今晚就会参加你的晚会。,