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1、AS 1742.42008 Australian Standard Manual of uniform traffic control devices Part 4: Speed controls AS 1742.42008 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee MS-012, Road Signs and Traffic Signals. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 27 October 2008. This Standar
2、d was published on 27 November 2008. The following are represented on Committee MS-012: ACT Department of Territory and Municipal Services ARRB Transport Research Austroads (representative from Department of Transport Energy and Infrastructure, SA) Association of Consultants in Access Australia Aust
3、ralian Automobile Association Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Historic Motoring Federation Australian Industry Group Australian Motorcycle Council Commonwealth Department of Transport and Regional Services Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources, Tas. Department of
4、Infrastructure, Planning and Environment, NT Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia Main Roads Department, Qld Main Roads Western Australia Roadmarking Industry Association of Australia Roads and Traffic Authority, NSW VicRoads This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 07228.
5、 Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the public comment period. Keeping Standards up-to-date Keeping Standards up-to-date Australian Standa
6、rds are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure the
7、mselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been published since the Standard was published. Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendments and new projects can be found by visiting w www.standards.org.auww.standards.org.au Standa
8、rds Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Contact us via email at mailstandards.org.aumailstandards.org.au, or write to Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001. The Standard is download
9、ed from Standard Sharing AS 1742.42008 Australian Standard Manual of uniform traffic control devices Part 4: Speed controls Originated in part as part of AS CA141935. Previous edition AS 1742.41999. Third edition 2008. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia All rights are reserved. No part of this work may
10、be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia ISBN 0 7337 8963 3 AS 1742.42008 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by t
11、he Standards Australia Committee MS-012, Road Signs and Traffic Signals to supersede AS 1742.41999. It is one in a series of fourteen Standards which together form the Manual of uniform traffic control devices. The series comprises the following Standards: AS 1742 Manual of uniform traffic control d
12、evices 1742.1 Part 1: General introduction and index of signs 1742.2 Part 2: Traffic control devices for general use 1742.3 Part 3: Traffic control devices for works on roads 1742.4 Part 4: Speed controls (this Standard) 1742.5 Part 5: Street name and community facility name signs 1742.6 Part 6: Tou
13、rist and services signs 1742.7 Part 7: Railway crossings 1742.9 Part 9: Bicycle facilities 1742.10 Part 10: Pedestrian control and protection 1742.11 Part 11: Parking controls 1742.12 Part 12: Bus, transit and truck lanes 1742.13 Part 13: Local area traffic management 1742.14 Part 14: Traffic signal
14、s 1742.15 Part 15: Direction signs information signs and route numbering Principal variations from the 1999 edition are as follows: (a)The Standard reflects the fact that the default urban speed limit in all states is now 50 km/h. (b)School zones have been transferred from AS 1742.10. (c)Shared zone
15、s have been transferred from AS 1742.13. (d)The Speed Limit AHEAD (G9-79) sign has been added and becomes an alternative form of speed limit buffer (formerly termed buffer zone). (e)The Derestriction sign has been deleted. The term normative has been used in this Standard to define the application o
16、f the appendix to which it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 3 AS 1742.42008 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD4 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE.5 1.2 OBJECTIVE .5 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 5 1.4 DEFINITIONS 5 SECTION 2 SPEED
17、MANAGEMENT 2.1 GENERAL. 7 2.2 TYPES OF SPEED LIMIT 8 2.3 SPEED ZONE ESTABLISHMENT.8 SECTION 3 SPEED LIMIT SIGNS AND MARKINGS 3.1 SPEED LIMIT SIGNS.13 3.2 SIGN APPLICATION.17 3.3 CONFLICT WITH ADVISORY SPEED SIGNS 23 3.4 PAVEMENT MARKINGS .23 3.5 VARIABLE SPEED LIMITS 25 APPENDICES A TRAFFIC AND ENVI
18、RONMENT FACTORS DETERMINING SPEED LIMIT VALUES ON TRAFFIC ROUTES.26 B ILLUMINATION AND REFLECTION OF SIGNS28 C INSTALLATION AND LOCATION OF SIGNS29 AS 1742.42008 4 FOREWORD The involvement of speed related factors in road crashes is well established. Public surveys indicate that this relationship is
19、 well understood by the community and that there are strong perceptions that speed limits also impact on the amenity of users of abutting property. Experience and research has demonstrated that arbitrarily imposed speed limits that are too low attract poor levels of compliance regardless of the leve
20、l of enforcement. Ideally, limits should be set such that road users can readily understand the reasons for setting them at a particular level. The limits will then be more likely to be voluntarily observed by the majority of motorists and therefore be effective in regulating traffic flow, reducing
21、crashes, maximizing safety for vulnerable road users and controlling the environmental effects of traffic, such as noise pollution. However, this is not always possible and that is why it is important to have a sound basis for setting the limits. Due to substantially increased levels of police enfor
22、cement, mainly resulting from the introduction of automated methods of infringement detection, it is important to ensure that the setting of speed limits is soundly based. Authorities therefore need to ensure that their methods of setting speed limits can be justified as being appropriate for both t
23、he environment and all road users, not just motorists. The setting of speed limits in this Standard is based on a primary consideration of road function and application. The process then provides for adjustments within prescribed limits to accommodate variations in the speed environment, i.e. roadsi
24、de development, road and traffic characteristics, and for adjustments related to crash history. Attention is drawn to the Austroads publication Guide to Road Safety Part 3: Speed Limits and Speed Management in which is described the Safe Systems approach to the setting of speed limits. At the time o
25、f publication of this Standard the specified relationship between road function, application and corresponding speed limit was deemed to be consistent with the Safe Systems approach. However, it can be expected that from time to time there will be changes at the national level to limits applying to
26、certain traffic situations resulting from further application of this approach. Amendment or revision of the Standard will be made to reflect these changes. Since publication of the 1999 edition of this Standard, there has been a reduction in the default urban speed limit from 60 km/h to 50 km/h. Ur
27、ban roads on which a speed limit of 60 km/h is considered desirable and in keeping with the speed zoning assessment requirements of this Standard must now have 60 km/h speed zones signposted. In the absence of any speed zone signposting in a built-up area, 50 km/h is the default speed limit. 100 km/
28、h remains as the default speed limit outside built-up areas in most states. As well as the default limits of 50 and 100 km/h, speed limits used for speed zoning ranges from 10 km/h in shared zones to 110 km/h on high standard rural highways and expressways. This range of speed zoning options has hig
29、hlighted the importance of the process used to assess and determine the appropriate speed limit according to the road function, roadside development and road and traffic characteristics. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 5 AS 1742.42008 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia STANDA
30、RDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Manual of uniform traffic control devices Part 4: Speed controls S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies the traffic control devices to be used for the regulatory control of traffic speed and gives guidance on how speed limits
31、 should be determined and applied in various situations. The Standard does not cover temporary speed limits, the use of advisory speed signs, or speed limits applicable to certain classes of vehicle or driver. NOTE: Speed matters excluded from this Standard are covered in the following references: (
32、a)Temporary speed limits at road worksAS 1742.3. (b)Use of advisory speed signsAS 1742.2. (c)Limits applied by regulation to classes of vehicle or driverState regulations and guidelines. 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this Standard is to provide road authorities throughout Australia with a set of un
33、iform requirements and guidelines for the regulatory management of traffic speeds. 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following Standards are referred to in this Standard: AS 1348 Road and traffic engineeringGlossary of terms 1742 Manual of uniform traffic control devices 1742.2 Part 2: Traffic control de
34、vices for general use 1742.3 Part 3: Traffic control devices for works on roads 1742.10 Part 10: Pedestrian control and protection 1742.13 Part 13: Local area traffic management 4049 Paints and related materialsPavement marking materials 4049.5 Part 5: Performance assessment of pavement markings AS/
35、NZS 1906 Retroreflective materials and devices for road traffic control purposes 1906.1 Part 1: Retroreflective sheeting Austroads Guide to Road SafetyPart 3: Speed Limits and Speed Management 1.4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions below apply. AS 1742.42008 6 Standards Aus
36、tralia www.standards.org.au 1.4.1 Expressway type road (expressway) A divided highway for through traffic with full or partial control of access and generally with grade separation at intersections. The term includes expressways, freeways, tollways and motorways (as defined in AS 1348). 1.4.2 Local
37、area An urban area containing only local and collector roads which is bounded by arterial and sub-arterial roads or features such as rivers, railway lines or the limit of urban development. 1.4.3 Local street A road or street that serves primarily to provide access within a locality. 1.4.4 Minor roa
38、d A generally low volume road carrying almost exclusively local traffic and where signposting of default urban or rural speed limits, the change from one to the other, or speed limit buffers at speed limit changes (see Clause 2.3.5) can be omitted without adverse effect on safety, amenity or the env
39、ironment. 1.4.5 Shall The word shall indicates that a statement is mandatory. 1.4.6 Should The word should indicates a recommendation, i.e. non-mandatory. 1.4.7 Speed limit The maximum speed at which a vehicle is legally permitted to travel on a particular section of road. 1.4.8 Speed zone A length
40、of road or a network of roads (area) to which a single speed limit applies and which is signposted. 1.4.9 Traffic control device Any sign, signal, pavement marking or other installation placed or erected by a public authority or official body having the necessary jurisdiction, for the purpose of reg
41、ulating, warning or guiding road users. 1.4.10 Traffic route A road or street that serves primarily to enable travel between localities, typically, arterial, sub-arterial and major collector roads. 1.4.11 85th percentile speed (V85 km/h) The speed at or below which 85% of all vehicles are observed t
42、o travel under free-flowing conditions past a nominated point. NOTE: A guide to the determination of 85th percentile speed is given in AS 1742.2. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 7 AS 1742.42008 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia S E C T I O N 2 S P E E D M A N A G E M E N T 2
43、.1 GENERAL 2.1.1 Objective of speed management The objective of speed management is to contribute to road safety, mobility and amenity on public roads by providing a system of speed limits that are compatible with the speed environment. Speed limits should be set to maintain a balance between a driv
44、ers reasonable understanding of the reasons for setting them at a particular level and an acceptable level of environmental amenity for all road users and abutting land use. Speed limits should be set so as to encourage, as far as practicable, a uniform speed of travel and hence reduce the potential
45、 for conflicts due to speed differentials between vehicles. Excessive variation among vehicle speeds can indicate either an inappropriately set speed limit or that drivers perception of the speed environment is open to confusion. The second of these causes may require corrective action other than re
46、assessment of the speed limit. NOTES: 1The adoption of a speed limit that falls outside values determined under this Standard is not likely to achieve these objectives. 2Enforcement and educational programmes are outside the scope of this Standard. Policy on setting speed limit values for various ro
47、ad functions and environments is determined by reference to the Safe Systems approach set out in the Austroads publication Guide to Road Safety Part 3: Speed Limits and Speed Management. This approach is based on a broad safety philosophy which couples the concept of harm minimization with improving
48、 the environment and quality of life whilst maintaining a reasonable level of mobility. Speed management policy is constantly under review by road authorities and it can be expected that any significant changes to policy at the national level will be reflected in this Standard by subsequent amendmen
49、t or revision. 2.1.2 General principles The following principles shall be observed when determining speed limits: (a)Except in the case of speed limit buffers, speed limits shall be capable of being practically and equitably enforced by use of speed zones of adequate length, by limiting speed limit changes, and by clarity and frequency of signposting. (b)The speed limit shall not be so low that a significant number of drivers will not be able to