《AS NZS 3666.3-2000 Air-handling and water systems of buildings - Microbial control - Performance-based maintenance of cooli.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《AS NZS 3666.3-2000 Air-handling and water systems of buildings - Microbial control - Performance-based maintenance of cooli.pdf（23页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、AS/NZS 3666.3:2000 Australian/New Zealand Standard Air-handling and water systems of buildings Microbial control Part 3: Performance-based maintenance of cooling water systems AS/NZS 3666.3 Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on
2、network prohibited. AS/NZS 3666.3:2000 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ME/62, Ventilation and Airconditioning. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 4 August 2000 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand o
3、n 10 August 2000. It was published on 1 September 2000. The following interests are represented on Committee ME/62: Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturers Association of Australia Australasian Fire Authorities Council Australian Buildings Code Board Australian Chamber of Commerce
4、 and Industry Australian Industry Group Australian Institute of Building Surveyors Australian Institute of Refrigeration AirConditioning and Heating Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Department of Contract and Management Services, W.A. enHealth Council FPA Australia Institute of R
5、efrigeration Heating and Air Conditioning Engineers of New Zealand Institute of Engineers Australia Plastics and Chemicals Industries Association Property Council of Australia Thermal Insulation Contractors Association of Australia Additional interests participating in the preparation of this Standa
6、rd: Department of Human Services (Vic) Institute of Plant Engineers Australasia National Health and Medical Research Council NSW Health Department Queensland Health Telstra Corporation Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and syste
7、ms. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments
8、which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Australia web site at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-l
9、ine catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For in
10、formation about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to
11、the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 00101. Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use
12、on network prohibited. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 3666.3:2000 Australian/New Zealand Standard Air-handling and water systems of buildingsMicrobial control Part 3: Performance-based maintenance of cooling water systems Originated as AS/NZS 3666.3(Int):1998. Jointly revis
13、ed and designated AS/NZS 3666.3:2000. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly
14、published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 3555 X Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. AS/NZS
15、3666.3:20002 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee ME/62, Ventilation and Airconditioning. This Standard forms Part 3 of a series of Standards for microbial control of air-handling and water systems, as follows: AS/NZS 3666Air-handling and wa
16、ter systems of buildings Microbial control 3666.1Part 1:Design, installation and commissioning 3666.2Part 2:Operation and maintenance 3666.3Part 3:Performance-based maintenance of cooling water systems The term normative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to whi
17、ch it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 3666.3:20003 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD . 4 SE
18、CTION 1SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPE.6 1.2OBJECTIVE 6 1.3FUNCTIONAL STATEMENT 6 1.4PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS6 1.5REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.6 1.6DEFINITIONS.7 1.7TESTING.7 SECTION 2IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS 2.1SCOPE OF SECTION8 2.2RISK FACTORS8 2.3RISK ASSESSMENT 8 2.4WATER TREATMENT.8 SEC
19、TION 3PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND CONTROL 3.1SCOPE OF SECTION10 3.2PRESENCE OF LEGIONELLAE10 3.3PRESENCE OF OTHER HETEROTROPHIC MICROORGANISMS.10 3.4WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT10 3.5WATER TEMPERATURE11 3.6START UP.13 3.7RESULTS AND RECORDS13 3.8EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE13 APPENDICES ACOOLING WATER SAMPLING
20、 PROCEDURE.16 BON-LINE DISINFECTION PROCEDURE FOR COOLING WATER SYSTEMS18 CDECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES FOR COOLING WATER SYSTEMS.19 Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. AS/NZS 3666.3:20004 FOREWORD AS/NZS 366
21、6.2, Air-Handling and water systems of buildingsMicrobial control, Part 2: Operation and maintenance, requires shutdown of cooling water systems for periodic cleaning. This is impracticable for many systems, such as the large industrial types serving power stations, co-generation plants and refining
22、 plants. However, microbiological control at these plants is usually effective and no reported outbreaks of Legionnaires disease have been attributed to such sources. The continuous engineering attention they receive means they are generally well maintained. However, it became apparent that the AS/N
23、ZS 3666 series should provide for a performance-based alternative to the prescriptive maintenance requirements set out in Clause 2.5 of AS/NZS 3666.2. This performance-based alternative can be applied to any cooling water system for which the specific requirements of this Standard can be met. This S
24、tandard provides such an alternative option. It follows risk management principles including (a)risk identification and assessment (b)control; and (c)monitoring and corrective actions. These principles are applied to the key causal factors, understood to lead to a risk of multiplication of legionell
25、ae within a system, as set out in the Foreword to AS/NZS 3666.1. A central issue in the management of health risk arising from microorganisms is the degree of scientific certainty about the underlying causes of growth, dissemination and infection. Control strategies adopted may need to change as new
26、 knowledge becomes available. Sampling for legionellae is not required by AS/NZS 3666.2 but is considered to be a relevant monitoring activity in a performance-based approach. Although the sample taken may not accurately represent the microbial distribution and variety within the system, it is prese
27、ntly the most direct means of assessing the effectiveness of maintenance regimes on the multiplication of legionellae. Such specific tests need to be complemented with other assessments such as total bacterial count (also called heterotrophic colony count) and system water quality characteristics to
28、 provide reassurance that the system is well maintained and operating in a hygienic condition. The concentration level of legionellae required to cause infection has not been established at this time. The risk of disease depends substantially on the susceptibility of the person exposed. However, it
29、is reasonable to assume that increased risk is associated with exposure to increased concentrations of microorganisms. Available data suggest that most outbreaks are associated with a concentration of 1000 cfu/mL or greater, although lower levels may well be associated with sporadic cases of disease
30、. It is the intention of this Standard that cooling water systems operate with non-detectable concentrations of legionellae. This Standard requires corrective actions to be carried out whenever a detectable concentration of legionellae is found (10 cfu/mL or greater) in order to provide confidence t
31、hat the system is hostile to these microorganisms. More demanding and prompt actions are required when a higher concentration is detected. The primary aim is to avoid conditions that may allow microorganisms, including legionellae to multiply in the cooling water system thus creating a health risk.
32、An important strategy in minimizing health risks associated with cooling water systems involves the management of system water quality. Water treatment is designed to preserve the cooling tower and the cooling water system of which it is a part, maintain heat transfer efficiency and help ensure an a
33、cceptable standard of occupational and public health. These Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 3666.3:20005 factors interact so that properly implem
34、ented microbial control, for reasons of disease prevention, should also assist in system longevity and efficiency. The water treatment program for microbial control needs to be well managed, and be more comprehensive than a program for those systems that are routinely cleaned in accordance with AS/N
35、ZS 3666.2. Water treatment program management approaches may differ in detail from site to site and, therefore, need to be documented in a specific plan for each site. This Standard addresses only the maintenance of cooling water systems and is to be read in conjunction with Part 1 and the relevant
36、clauses of Part 2. Aspects such as maintenance manuals, records, log books, safety procedures and the like, are as important for the application of this Standard, as they are for a prescriptive approach to maintaining a clean system. Further explanatory information regarding the subject of microbial
37、 control of cooling water systems can be found in the Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Handbook SAA/SNZ HB32:1995, Control of microbial growth in air-handling and water systems of buildings, and the National Environmental Health Forum Monograph, Guidance for the control of Legionella, publi
38、shed by the South Australian Health Commission (1996) on behalf of the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, and the Application Manual No. DA18, Water Treatment, which is published by the Australian Institute of Refrigeration Air-conditioning and Heating Inc (AIRAH). Licensed to Marley T
39、emcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Single user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. AS/NZS 3666.3:2000 COPYRIGHT 6 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Air-handling and water systems of buildingsMicrobial control Part 3: Performance-base
40、d maintenance of cooling water systems S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard outlines a performance-based approach to the maintenance of cooling water systems with respect to the control of microorganisms, including Legionellae, within such systems. This approach comb
41、ines automatically regulated water treatment with monitoring, assessment and control strategies to help create a low risk environment within the cooling water system. The provisions of this Standard are an alternative to the prescriptive requirements of AS/NZS 3666.2 for the maintenance of cooling w
42、ater systems. NOTE: This Standard addresses only the performance of maintenance programs for cooling water systems and is to be read in conjunction with Part 1 and the relevant clauses of Part 2. Aspects such as maintenance manuals, records, log books, safety procedures, and the like, are as importa
43、nt for the application of this Standard as they are for a prescriptive approach to maintaining a clean system. 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this Standard is to provide a performance-based approach to cooling water system maintenance to assist users in the control of microorganisms, including legio
44、nellae, within such systems. 1.3 FUNCTIONAL STATEMENT Cooling water systems shall be maintained and monitored to minimize the growth and dissemination of microorganisms, and in particular, legionellae in and by such systems. 1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The monitoring, assessment and control strateg
45、ies for key performance indicators shall be in accordance with Section 3. NOTE: Following these performance requirements is deemed to comply with the prescriptive requirements of Clause 2.5 of AS/NZS 3666.2. 1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard. AS 2031Se
46、lection of containers and preservation of water samples for chemical and microbiological analysis 2031.2Part 2:Microbiological 4276Water microbiology 4276.3.1Method 3.1:Heterotrophic colony count methodsPour plate method using plate count agar Licensed to Marley Temcel Australia on 05 Jul 2001. Sing
47、le user licence only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 3666.3:2000 COPYRIGHT 7 AS/NZS 3666Air-handling and water systems of buildingsMicrobial control 3666.1Part 1:Design, installation and commissioning 3666.2Part 2:Operatio
48、n and maintenance 3896WatersExamination for legionellae including Legionella pneumophila 4360Risk management 1.6 DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Standard the definitions given in AS/NZS 3666.1, AS/NZS 3666.2 and those below apply. 1.6.1 Cycles of concentration The degree of concentration of the
49、 dissolved solids of the cooling system make-up water as a result of the evaporation that takes place in the cooling tower. NOTE: The degree of concentration of the dissolved solids is typically determined from the ratio between the chlorides in the cooling water and the chlorides in the make-up water. 1.6.2 Key performance indicator A risk factor that is identified as testable, assessable and controllable for the performance, monitoring and verification of the system. 1.6.3 Total dissolved soli