《BS EN 1822-2-2009 高效空气过滤器(HEPA和ULPA).气溶胶产品、测量设备、颗粒计数统计.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS EN 1822-2-2009 高效空气过滤器(HEPA和ULPA).气溶胶产品、测量设备、颗粒计数统计.pdf（30页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、- - This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2010 - - EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1822-2 November 2009 ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1822-2:1998 English Version High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA a
2、nd ULPA) - Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics Filtres air haute efficacit (EPA, HEPA et ULPA) - Partie 2: Production darosol, quipement de mesure et statistiques de comptage de particules Schwebstofffilter (EPA, HEPA und ULPA) - Teil 2: Aerosolerzeugung, Me
3、gerte, Partikelzhlstatistik This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date l
4、ists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the r
5、esponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary
6、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre:
7、Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1822-2:2009: E - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1Scope 5 2Normative references 5 3Terms and definitions .5 4Aer
8、osol production 5 4.1General 5 4.2Aerosol substances .5 4.3Producing monodisperse aerosols7 4.3.1Condensation methods .7 4.3.2Particle size classification . 11 4.4Generating polydisperse aerosols 11 4.5Neutralisation of aerosols 11 4.6Minimum performance parameters for aerosol generators . 12 4.7Sou
9、rces of error 12 4.8Maintenance and inspection 12 5Measuring devices 12 5.1Optical particle counters 12 5.1.1Operation . 12 5.1.2Minimum performance parameters . 13 5.1.3Sources of error and limit errors . 14 5.1.4Maintenance and inspection 14 5.1.5Calibration . 14 5.2Condensation nucleus counter .
10、14 5.2.1Operation . 14 5.2.2Minimum performance parameters . 16 5.2.3Sources of error and limit errors . 16 5.2.4Maintenance and inspection 17 5.2.5Calibration . 17 5.3Differential mobility analyser . 17 5.3.1Operation . 17 5.3.2Minimum performance parameters . 18 5.3.3Sources of error and limit err
11、ors . 18 5.3.4Maintenance and inspection 19 5.3.5Calibration . 19 5.4Particle size analysis system on the basis of differential mobility analysis 19 5.4.1Operation . 19 5.4.2Minimum performance parameters . 19 5.4.3Sources of errors and error limits . 19 5.4.4Maintenance and inspection 19 5.4.5Calib
12、ration . 19 5.5Dilution systems . 20 5.5.1Operation . 20 5.5.2Minimum performance parameters . 20 5.5.3Sources of error and limit errors . 20 5.5.4Maintenance and inspection 20 5.6Differential pressure measuring equipment 20 5.7Absolute pressure measuring equipment 21 5.8Thermometers . 21 5.9Hygrome
13、ter 21 6Maintenance and inspection intervals 21 7Particle counting statistics 23 Bibliography . 25 - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1822-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 195 “Air filters for general air cleaning”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. Thi
14、s European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme
15、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1822-2:1998. It is dealing with the performance testing of efficient particulate air filters (EPA), high efficiency pa
16、rticulate air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA) at the manufacturers site. EN 1822, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA), consists of the following parts: Part 1: Classification, performance testing, marking Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, parti
17、cle counting statistics Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method) Part 5 : Determining the efficiency of filter elements This European Standard is based on particle counting methods which actually cover most needs of different applications.
18、The difference between this European Standard and its previous edition lies in the addition of: an alternative test method for using a solid, instead of a liquid, test aerosol; a method for testing and classification of filters made out of membrane type filter media; a method for testing and classif
19、ication filters made out of synthetic fibre media; and an alternative method for leak testing of group H filters with other than panel shape. Beside that, various editorial corrections have been implemented. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of t
20、he following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak
21、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 4 Introduction As decided by CEN/TC 195, this European Standard is based on particle counting methods which actually cover most needs of different applications. The difference between this European Standard and p
22、revious national standards lies in the technique used for the determination of the integral efficiency. Instead of mass relationships, this technique is based on particle counting at the most penetrating particle size (MPPS), which is for micro-glass filter mediums usually in the range of 0,12 m to
23、0,25 m. For Membrane filter media, separate rules apply; see EN 1822-5:2009, Annex A. This method also allows testing ultra low penetration air filters, which was not possible with the previous test methods because of their inadequate sensitivity. - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Stand
24、ard applies to efficient particulate air filters (EPA), high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA) used in the field of ventilation and air conditioning and for technical processes, e.g. for applications in clean room technology or pharmaceutical indu
25、stry. It establishes a procedure for the determination of the efficiency on the basis of a particle counting method using a liquid (or alternatively a solid) test aerosol, and allows a standardized classification of these filters in terms of their efficiency, both local and integral efficiency. This
26、 European Standard describes the measuring instruments and aerosol generators used in the course of this testing. With regard to particle counting it specifies the statistical basis for the evaluation of counts with only small numbers of counted events. 2 Normative references The following reference
27、d documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1822-1:2009, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) Part 1:
28、 Classification, performance testing, marking EN 1822-3, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media EN 14799:2007, Air filters for general air cleaning Terminology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given
29、 in EN 14799:2007 apply. 4 Aerosol production 4.1 General When testing a filter a test aerosol with liquid particles shall be used as reference test method and as defined in EN 1822-1. Alternatively, a solid PSL aerosol can be used for local efficiency (leak) testing (see EN 1822- 4:2009, Annex D).
30、The testing of high-performance filters (U16 and U17) requires methods of aerosol production with high production rates (1010 s -1 to 1011 s-1), in order to provide statistically significant measurements downstream of the filter. By adjusting the operating parameters of the aerosol generator it shal
31、l be possible to adjust the mean particle diameter of the aerosol so that it is equal to the MPPS. The concentration and the size distribution of the aerosol produced shall remain constant throughout the test. 4.2 Aerosol substances A suitable aerosol substance for the reference test method is a liq
32、uid with a vapour pressure which is so low at the ambient temperature that the size of the droplets produced does not change significantly due to evaporation over the time scale relevant for the test procedure (typically max. 5 s). - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 6 Possible substances include but are not lim
33、ited to: DEHS; PAO; Paraffin oil (low viscosity). The most critical properties of a possible aerosol substance are: Index of refraction; Vapour pressure; Density; which should not differ too much from the values given for the three substances suggested in Table 1. NOTE Standard laboratory safety reg
34、ulations should be observed when handling these substances. It should be ensured by means of suitable exhaust systems and air-tight aerosol ducting systems that the test aerosols are not inhaled. In case of doubt the safety data sheets for the appropriate substances should be consulted. - - EN 1822-
35、2:2009 (E) 7 Table 1 Important data for aerosol substances at 20 C DEHS PAO a Paraffin oil (low visc.) Chemical designation Sebacic acid-bis(2- ethylhexyl) ester Poly-Alpha-Olephin (e.g. CAS b No. 68649-12-7) Mixture (e.g. CAS # 64742-46-7) Trivial name Diethylhexylsebacyte Polyalphaolefin Paraffino
36、il Density (kg/m3) 912 800 820 (820 c) 843 Melting point (K) 225 280 259 Boiling point (K) 529 650 780 (674 c) Flash point (K) 473 445 500 453 Vapour pressure at 293 K (Pa) 1,9 100 130 Dynamic viscosity (kg/m s) 0,022 to 0,024 0,003 1 0,004 at 373 K (0,013 at 313 K c) (Kinematic viscosity at 373 K:
37、3,8 4,1 mm2/s) 0,026 Index of refraction/ wavelength (nm) 1,450/650 1,452/600 1,453 5/550 1,454 5/500 1,458 5/450 1,475/400 (1,455 6 c) a US Patents 5,059,349 3 and 5,059,352 4 describe and restrict the use of PAO for filter testing. Material properties of PAO as per Japan JACA Standard No. 37-2001:
38、 “The guideline of substitute materials to DOP” 5, Japan JISZ Standard No. 8901-206 6 and ISO Standard No. 14644-3 7. b CAS #, Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number, substances have been registered in Chemical Abstracts, issued by American Chemical Society 8. c Data for “Emery 3004” as a specif
39、ic example of a PAO. Source: Crosby, David W., Concentration produced by a Laskin nozzle generator, a comparison of substitute materials and DOP, 21st DOE/NRC Nuclear Air Cleaning Conference 9. 4.3 Producing monodisperse aerosols 4.3.1 Condensation methods 4.3.1.1 General Condensation methods are pr
40、eferred for the creation of monodisperse aerosols, i.e. the particles are formed by condensation from the vapour phase. It is necessary to distinguish between heterogeneous and homogeneous condensation. - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 8 4.3.1.2 Heterogeneous condensation 4.3.1.2.1 General In the case of hete
41、rogeneous condensation the vapour condenses at a relatively low level of supersaturation onto very small particles which are already present, the so-called condensation nuclei. The size distribution of the resultant aerosol has a geometrical standard deviation between g= 1,05 and g = 1,15. Aerosol g
42、enerators which operate using the principle of heterogeneous condensation are the Sinclair-LaMer generators (Figure 1) and the Rapaport-Weinstock generator (Figure 2). 4.3.1.2.2 Sinclair-LaMer aerosol generator (Figure 1) A simple nebuliser operated with nitrogen nebulises a weak aqueous solution of
43、 sodium chloride. After large water drops have been excluded in a drop eliminator, the smaller droplets are passed into a diffusion drier where they vaporise. The resultant sodium chloride aerosol is then passed into a vessel containing the actual aerosol substance, where it becomes saturated with t
44、he vapour of this substance. The aerosol vapour mixture is then passed through a re-heater, and then on through a condensation chimney, where the vapour condenses on the salt particles, forming a homogeneous droplet aerosol (see also 10). Key 1 Nitrogen supply 2 Nebuliser 3 Drop eliminator 4 Diffusi
45、on drier 5 Thermostatic oven 6 By-pass valve 7 Flow meter 8 Re-heater 9 Condensation chimney 10 Aerosol Figure 1 Structure of the Sinclair-LaMer aerosol generator The vessel containing the aerosol substance is contained in a thermostatic oven, whose temperature can be adjusted so as to regulate the amount of vapour and the diameter of the particles. A part of the sodium - - EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 9 chloride aerosol can also be diverted past the oven using the by-pass valve, and added to the flow again before the re-heater. This makes it possible to achieve a relatively r