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1、ICS 13.220.40; 45.060.01 - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 45545-4 January 2009 ICS 13.220.20; 45.060.01 English version Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 4: Fire safety requirements for railway rolling stock design Appli
2、cations Ferroviaires - Protection contre les incendies dans les vhicules ferroviaires - Partie 4: Exigences de scurit incendie pour la conception des vhicules ferroviaires Bahnanwendungen - Brandschutz in Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 4: Brandschutzanforderungen an die konstruktive Gestaltung von Schien
3、enfahrzeugen This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 8 June 2008 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN/CENELEC will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the que
4、stion whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN and CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting nat
5、ional standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees, respectively, of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Cz
6、ech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN Management Centre: CENELEC Central Secretar
7、iat: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 E CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Int
8、roduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Characteristics .6 4.1 Minimizing the risk of a fire starting 6 4.1.1 General preventative measures .6 4.1.2 Protection against sparks .6 4.1.3 Seats .6 4.1.4 Catering and cooking areas 7 4.1.5 Prevention of fire caused by
9、arson 7 4.2 Delay of fire development .8 4.2.1 Ash trays, litter bins and similar 8 4.2.2 Monitors and televisions .8 4.3 Delay of smoke and gas distribution .8 4.4 Aiding evacuation 8 4.4.1 Evacuation measures 8 4.4.2 Functions of systems for running and evacuation . 11 5 Evaluation of conformity 1
10、2 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this Technical Specification and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC, as amended by 2004/50/EC . 13 CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 45545-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applic
11、ations”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared unde
12、r a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This series of Technical Specifications Ra
13、ilway applications Fire protection on railway vehicles consists of: Part 1: General; Part 2: Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components; Part 3: Fire resistance requirements for fire barriers; Part 4: Fire safety requirements for railway rolling stock design; Part 5: Fire safety req
14、uirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation vehicles; Part 6: Fire control and management systems; Part 7: Fire safety requirements for flammable liquid and flammable gas installations. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulatio
15、ns, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Neth
16、erlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This part is based on existing fire safety regulations for railway vehicles from the International Union of Railways (UIC) and different European
17、countries. In using the operation and design categories defined in CEN/TS 45545-1, the requirements laid down in this part take into account the current operating conditions for European public rail transport. 1 Scope This part specifies fire safety requirements for railway vehicle design to cover t
18、he objectives defined in CEN/TS 45545-1. The measures and requirements specified in this part of the Technical Specification aim to protect passengers and staff in railway vehicles in the event of a fire on board by minimizing the risk of a fire starting, delaying the fire development and controllin
19、g the spread of fire products through the vehicle, thus aiding evacuation. It is not within the scope of this Technical Specification to describe measures which ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire. This part is valid for railway vehicles defined in CEN/TS 45545-1. 2 Normat
20、ive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CEN/TS 45545-1:2009, Railway appli
21、cations Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 1: General CEN/TS 45545-2, Railway applications Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 2: Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components CEN/TS 45545-5, Railway applications Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 5: Fire safety requir
22、ements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation vehicles CEN/TS 45545-6, Railway applications Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 6: Fire control and management systems CEN/TS 45545-7, Railway applications Fire protection of railway ve
23、hicles Part 7: Fire safety requirements for flammable liquid and flammable gas installations EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000) EN ISO 15540, Ships and marine technology Fire resistance of hose
24、assemblies Test methods (ISO 15540:1999) CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TS 45545-1:2009, EN ISO 13943:2000 and the following apply. 3.1 luggage compartment single volume contained on a defined number of side
25、s (which may include floor and ceiling) by elements with specified fire resistance performance (including joints and/or fixings to the surrounding structure), to which passengers have no access without authorisation. Luggage placed in luggage compartments shall no longer be considered as luggage for
26、 the purposes of other requirements 3.2 luggage stack vertical arrangement of more than one level of luggage racks 3.3 passenger area area to which passengers have legitimate access 3.4 passenger door doors between passenger areas and doors between passenger area and exterior 3.5 passenger or staff
27、compartment passenger or staff area not intended as a through route for passengers or staff respectively 3.6 running capability ability of a train to reach an evacuation point in case of a fire on board 3.7 staff area area to which only members of staff have legitimate access 3.8 staff door doors gi
28、ving access to and from staff areas 3.9 saloon passenger area with more than one passenger door intended as a through route for passengers or staff respectively 3.10 train set number of cars which are indivisible in service, able to run either singled or coupled to another train set CEN/TS 45545-4:2
29、009 (E) 6 4 Characteristics 4.1 Minimizing the risk of a fire starting 4.1.1 General preventative measures To minimize the risk of a fire starting, the following preventative measures shall be taken: a) vehicles in Operation Categories 2, 3 and 4, as defined in CEN/TS 45545-1, shall be shaped to min
30、imize cavities, ledges and other areas which can trap combustible materials, e.g. avoid gutter shaped open elements for indirect lighting; b) open recesses shall be used only if they are indispensable for functional reasons; c) access to any area other than passenger areas shall be lockable (see 4.1
31、.5.2); d) the overhead luggage racks shall permit the visibility of objects placed on them; e) in gangways the gap between moving parts accessible to passengers shall be kept so that the insertion of objects is minimized; NOTE Gaps of less than 50 mm are preferred. f) air inlets and outlets shall be
32、 designed so that the insertion of objects is minimized; g) the inside and outside of the vehicles shall be designed so as to minimize accumulation of combustible products, e.g. waste, dust, brake dust, oil and grease. In particular attention shall be paid to the following: 1) protruding parts, over
33、hangs, ledges or cavities shall be avoided; 2) heater enclosures shall be designed to limit the ingress of dirt and permit its easy removal; 3) vehicles, including any air conditioning and ventilation systems, shall be designed so that they can be easily cleaned; h) if combustible materials are loca
34、ted near heating equipment, or any other equipment which may operate at high temperature, e.g. brake equipment, they shall be arranged so that can not accumulate heat, increasing the risk of ignition; i) the temperature of the surface casing of heating units, lighting and any other equipment in pass
35、enger, staff and luggage areas shall not exceed 60 C in normal conditions. The shape and position of heaters shall be such that hot air outlets or heat radiating surfaces, which are designed to function when not covered, cannot easily be covered by objects laid in front of or on them. The cross-sect
36、ional area of the air outlets shall not be reduced by deposit of dust and dirt carried by the air itself. 4.1.2 Protection against sparks Shielding shall be provided to prevent ignition of combustible materials by sparks from any electrical or mechanical sources, e.g. current collection devices, bra
37、ke shoes. 4.1.3 Seats To minimize the risk of a fire starting, the following preventative measures shall be taken: a) seats shall be shaped to minimize cavities, ledges and other areas which can trap combustible waste materials; CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 7 b) seats shall be designed so that combustibl
38、e products (e.g. waste paper, rubbish) can be removed easily during cleaning and maintenance. 4.1.4 Catering and cooking areas To minimize the risk of a fire starting, the following preventative measures shall be taken: a) all cooking and catering appliances shall be designed and installed to preven
39、t transfer of heat to adjacent surfaces and equipment. The temperature of adjacent surfaces and equipment shall not exceed 60 C; b) the requirement of adjacent surface and equipment is not applicable for cooking and catering equipment; c) cooking and catering equipment, shall be designed so that veh
40、icle movements shall not produce a fire hazard; d) gas installations shall conform to CEN/TS 45545-7. 4.1.5 Prevention of fire caused by arson 4.1.5.1 Visibility in passenger areas Where a passenger area is divided into smaller passenger areas, then it shall be possible to view adjacent passenger ar
41、eas, except toilets and sleeping compartments, to minimize hiding places. If the passenger area is equipped with a fire detection system in accordance with CEN/TS 45545-6 transparent elements are not required. 4.1.5.2 Access to unauthorized areas Passengers shall be denied access to unauthorized are
42、as, e.g. drivers cab; staff compartment; cooking area; engine compartments; interior of technical cabinets; interior of containers for underfloor equipment; areas behind ceiling hatches and similar; luggage compartment. In each case the type of locking device shall be chosen in relation to the fire
43、risk in the enclosed area and shall take into account the evacuation measures given in 4.4.1. CEN/TS 45545-4:2009 (E) 8 4.2 Delay of fire development 4.2.1 Ash trays, litter bins and similar Ashtrays shall be provided in smoking areas. Ashtrays, litter bins, paper towel dispensers and receptacles fo
44、r used paper towels shall be designed so that an internal fire is prevented from spreading. This can be achieved, for example, by the use of a steel container with a self closing lid. 4.2.2 Monitors and televisions Monitors and televisions with cathode ray tubes shall be contained in enclosures made
45、 from laminated glass and metal. The enclosure shall be sealed to a minimum of IP 55 in accordance with EN 60529. The surface of other types of monitor screens shall be made from a material that meets the requirements of CEN/TS 45545-2, or protected by glass. These monitors need not be additionally
46、contained. 4.3 Delay of smoke and gas distribution Where there is the possibility of a fire according CEN/TS 45545-1:2009, 5.4 (e.g. luggage stack) on the lower deck of a double deck vehicle and where exit from the upper deck requires descent to the lower deck, measures shall be taken into account t
47、o facilitate passenger and staff evacuation. These may be addressed by use of smoke and gas partitions, or installation of fire extinguishing systems described in CEN/TS 45545-6. Luggage stacks shall not be used in operation Category 4 vehicles. 4.4 Aiding evacuation 4.4.1 Evacuation measures 4.4.1.
48、1 General To assist in the safe evacuation of passengers and staff, evacuation measures shall fulfil the following requirements. All distances are measured along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle: a) standard evacuation shall be through doors; b) vehicles may have doors on only one side, provided
49、 that there are no infrastructure constraints which would prevent their use for evacuation; c) in passenger or staff areas intended as through route, the distance for a passenger or staff to the nearest outside door shall be no more than 16 m; d) passengers or staff areas not intended as a through route (compartments) shall have outside doors at not more