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1、IEEE Std 281-1984 (Revision of IEEE Std 281-1968) IEEE Standard Service Conditions for Power System Communication Equipment Sponsor Power. System Communication Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society 0 Copyright 1984 by The Institutre of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc 345 East 47t
2、h Street, New York, NY 10017, USA No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54
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12、. Restrictions apply. Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of IEEE Eltd 281-1984, IEEE Standard Service Conditions for Power System Communi- cation Equipment.) This is a revision of a standard for the usual and unusual service conditions for power system com- munication equipment. It is similar to
13、service conditions for relays, automatic station supervisory control, and telemetering equipment with which this communication equipment is used. IEEE Std 97-1969, IEEE Recommended Practice for Specifying Service Conditions in Electrical Standards has been considered. These service conditions have b
14、een coordinated with the Relay Standards Subcommittee of the Power System Relaying Committee. This revision of IEEE Std 281-1 968 contains changes in content and organization as follows: (1) The Scope excludes certain power line carrier equipment, communication cables, and cable (2) Requirements for
15、 earthquake withstand have been included as Unusual Conditions. (3) AC power voltage waveform distortion factor limits have been added. (4) Requirements for Surge Withstand Capability from ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1978, IEEE Standard (5) Altitude derating data have been added for unusual altitude conditions
16、 for insulation and for (6) Design and routine tests with respect to service conditions have been described. (7) Required nameplate information with respect to service conditions has been added. (8) A revised format has been used. protective devices. Relays and Relay Systems Associated with Electric
17、 Power Apparatus, has been added. temperature of the cooling air. The Standards Subcommittee of the Power System Communication Committee has been responsi- ble for the revision and approval of this standard. At the time of its approval it had the following membership: A. Klopfenstein, Chairman M. C.
18、 Adamson R. W. Beckwith A. J. Fuller H. W. Lensner J. B. Wallace When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on March 17,1983, it had the following membership: James H. Beall, Chairman J. J. Archambault John T. Boettger J. V. Bonucchi Rene Castenschiold Edward J. Cohen Len S. Corey Donald C
19、. Fleckenstein Jay Forster Sava I. Sherr, Secretary Donald H. Heirman Irvin N. Howell Jr Joseph L. Koepfinger* Irving Kolodny George Konomos John E. May Donald T. Michael“ Edward Chelotti, Vice Chairman John P. Riganati Frank L. Rose Robert W. Seelbach Jay A. Stewart Clifford 0. Swanson Robert E. We
20、iler W. B. Wilkens Charles J. Wylie *Member emeritus Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54:57 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 a
21、t 10:54:57 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Contents SECTION PAGE 1 . Scope 7 2 . Definitions 7 3 . References 7 4 . Serviceconditions 8 4.1 Usual Service Conditions . 8 4.1.1 Ambient Temperature 8 4.1.2 Relative Humidity . 8 4.1.4 Atmospheric Contamination . 8 4.1.6 Power Source Variations
22、 8 4.1.6.1 ACPower 8 4.1.6.1.1 60 Hz Voltages 8 4.1.6.1.2 50 Hz Voltages 8 4.1.6.1.3 Waveform Distortion . 8 4.1.6.2 DCPower 8 4.1.6.2.1 Voltages . 8 4.1.6.2.2 Ripple 8 4.1.7 Surge Voltage Levels . 8 4.2 Unusual Conditions . 8 4.2.1 Unusual Altitude Derating 8 4.2.1.1 Air Insulakion Derating 8 4.2.1
23、.2 Ambient Temperature Altitude Derating 9 4.2.2 Unusual Shock, Vibration, and Seismic Conditions 9 9 5.1 General 9 5.2 DesignTests . 9 5.2.1 Usual Ambient Teimperature and Relative Humidity . 9 5.2.2 Vibration. Shock. and Seismic Tests . 9 4.1.3 Altitude 8 4.1.5 Vibration, Shock, (and Seismic Condi
24、tions 8 5 . Testing and Application 5.2.3 Tests of Power Source Variation 10 5.2.4 Dielectric Tests . 10 Power Frequency Withstand Voltage Tests . 10 DC Voltage Withstand Tests 10 Operational Tests after Dielectric Tests 10 Temperature at Which Dielectric Tests are to be Made 10 5.2.5 Surge Withstan
25、d Capability Tests . 10 5.2.6 Tests of Equipment for Altitudes Not Exceeding 1500 m (5000 ft) . 10 5.2.7 Tests of Equipment for Altitudes Exceeding 1500 m (5000 ft) 10 5.2.8 Tests Made at Altitudes Exceeding 1500 m (5000 ft) 10 5.3 RoutineTests 11 5.3.1 Dielectric Tests . 1 1 5.4 UserTests 1 1 5.2.4
26、.1 5.2.4.2 5.2.4.3 5.2.4.4 6 . Nameplate 1 1 TABLES Table 1 Altitude Dielectric Strength Derating for Air Insulation . Table 2 9 9 Altitude Correction of Maximum Temperature of Cooling Air Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54:57 UTC
27、 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54:57 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Standard Service Conditions for Power System Communication Equipment 1. Scope This standard describes the
28、usual and unusual service conditions for communication equip- ment that is to operate in electric power gen- eration stations and in generation, transmission, and distribution substations. This standard applies to communication equipment that is located in the zone of influ- ence of the ground poten
29、tial rise of generation stations and generation, transmission, and distribution substations. The standard applies to communication equipment that may be used for functions such as voice communica- tion, data communication, telemetering, super- visory control, and protective relaying. Base station ra
30、dio, telephone and power line carrier are considered to be included by the term communication equipment. This standard does not apply to power line carrier line traps, coupling capacitors, coupling capacitor voltage transformers, or line tuning equipment. It does not apply to communica- tion cables
31、and cable protective devices. cabinet. An enclosure provided with an internal equipment mounting rack and hinged doors. cover. A protective covering used to enclose or partially enclose equipment that may be mount- ed in a rack. enclosure. A surrounding case or housing to protect the contained equip
32、ment against ex- ternal conditions and to prevent personnel from accidentally contacting live parts. outdoor enclosure. An enclosure constructed to protect equipment therein from the weather and accidental contact that would interfere with the successful operation. indoor enclosure. An enclosure for
33、 use where another housing provides protection against exposure to the weather. percent ripple. The ratio of the effective (root- mean-square) value of the ripple voltage or current to the average value of the total (direct current) voltage or current, expressed in per- cent. 2. Definitions Definiti
34、ons for terminology used in this standard are in accordance with ANSI/IEEE Std 100-1984, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. Definitions not included in ANSI/IEEE Std 100-1984 are as follows: distortion factor. The ratio of the root-mean- square value of the residue of a vo
35、ltage wave after the elimination of the fundamental to the root-mean-square value of the original wave. 3. References When the documents referred to in this standard or superseded by a revision, the re- vision shall apply. l ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1978(R1982), Ameri- can National Standard Relays and Relay
36、 Sys- tems Associated with Electric Power Apparatus. 7 Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54:57 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Std 281-1984 2 ANSI/IEEE C37.98-1978, IEEE Standard for Seismic Testing of Relays. 3 ANSI/
37、IEEE Std 100-1984, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. Recommended Practices for Seismic Qualifica- tion of Class 1E Equipment for Nuclear Power 4 ANSI/IEEE Std 344-1975(1980), IEEE Generating Stations-. - Practice for Specifying Electrical Standards. 5 IEEE Std 97-1969, IE
38、EE Recommended Service Conditions in 4. Service Conditions 4.1 Usual Service Conditions. Communication equipment conforming to this standard that is enclosed by covers or cabinets shall operate satisfactorily under the following usual con- ditions. 4.1.1 Ambient Temperature. The ambient temperature
39、of the air is the air temperature measured 1 ft from the outside of enclosures or covers of communication equipment. This temperature shall be within the limits of -20 O C to 55 C. The average ambient air temperature with respect to time during equipment life is not to exceed 40 OC. 4.1.2 Relative H
40、umidity. Relative humidities may be up to 95% outside of enclosures or covers for temperatures up to 40 “C for a period up to 96 h. If moisture condensation on the inside of outdoor enclosures is to be avoided during periods of low temperature, heaters are recommended. 4.1.3 Altitude. The usual cond
41、ition of altitude shall be less than 1500 m (5000 ft). NOTE: See Tables 1 and 2 for derating o f air insulation and cooling air at higher altitudes. 4.1.4 Atmospheric Contamination. The usual condition of the atmosphere outside of enclo- sures is to be free of measurable quantities of corrosive fume
42、s, dust, steam, salt spray, and mixtures of explosive gas. Measurable quanti- ties of contamination are considered to be an unusual condition. 4.1.5 Vibration, Shock, and Seismic Condi- tions. Standard equipment is not to be subjected to vibration, shock, or earthquakes. Vibration, shock, or earthqu
43、akes are considered to be un- usual conditions. 8 IEEE STANDARD SERVICE CONDITIONS FOR 4.1.6 Power Source Variations 4.1.6.1 AC Power. The usual (nominal) conditions of power frequency and voltage and their range of variation for communication equipment at power stations shall be as follows: 4.1.6.1
44、.1 60 Hz voltage rms nominal (range of variation) 60 (t 3) Hz frequency 120 (t 12) volts - single phase 208/240 (t 21/4 24) volts - single phase (range of variation) 110/120 (+ 11/4 12) volts - single phase 220/240 (+ 20/4 22) volts - single phase 4.1.6.1.3 Waveform Distortion. The volt- age wavefor
45、m shall have no more than 5% dis- tortion factor (see Section 2, distortion factor). 4.1.6.2.1 Voltages, Usual nominal direct- current voltage and range of variation for com- munication equipment that may be available at power stations is as follows: Nominal (Range) 4.1.6.1.2 50 Hz voltage rms nomin
46、al 50 (+ 2.5) Hz frequency 4.1.6.2 DC Power 24 (-3 +4) Volts 48 (-6 +8) volts 125 (-20 +15) volts 250 (-40 +30) volts 4.1.6.2.2 Ripple. The percent ripple on the direct-current voltage supplied to commu- nication equipment shall be no more than 5% (see Section 2, percent ripple). 4.1.7 Surge Voltage
47、 Levels. Crest levels of surge voltage as high as 2.5 kV described in ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1978 El may occur in terminals of signal, control, and power circuits of power system communication equipment which is to not malfunction or be damaged by this level of surge voltage. 4.2 Unusual Conditions. The u
48、se of communi- cation equipment in power stations with con- ditions more severe than those in 4.1 shall be considered unusual conditions. The user will inform the supplier of unusual conditions to arrange for modifications that will ensure satis- factory performance. 4.2.1 Unusual Altitude Derating
49、4.2.1.1 Air Insulation Derating. Air insula- tion is to be derated when tested or applied at The numbers in brackets correspond to the refer- ences in Section 3. Authorized licensed use limited to: Tsinghua University Library. Downloaded on December 25,2010 at 10:54:57 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. POWER SYSTEM COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT IEEE Std 281-1984 Table 1 Altitude Dielectric Strength Derating for Air Insulation Altitude Above Sea Level Correction Meters (m) Feet (ft) Factor 1500 ( 5000) 1.00 1800 ( 6000) 0.97 2100 ( 7000) 0.94 2400 ( 8000) 0.91 2700 ( 9000)