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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12517-1:2006 Non-destructive testing of welds Part 1: Evaluation of welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys by radiography Acceptance levels The European Standard EN 12517-1:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.160.40 ? BS EN 12517-1:2006 This Bri
2、tish Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2006 BSI ISBN 0 580 48044 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12517-1:2006. It supersedes BS EN 12517:1998 which is withdrawn. The UK partic
3、ipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or
4、 European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to incl
5、ude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enqui
6、ries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 15 and a back cover
7、. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12517-1 March 2006 ICS 25.160.40Supersedes EN 12517:1998 English Version Non-destructive t
8、esting of welds - Part 1: Evaluation of welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys by radiography - Acceptance levels Essais non destructifs des assemblages souds - Partie 1: valuation par radiographie des assemblage souds en acier, nickel, titane et leurs alliages - Niveaux dacceptat
9、ion Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schweiverbindungen - Teil 1: Bewertung von Schweiverbindungen in Stahl, Nickel, Titan und ihren Legierungen mit Durchstrahlung - Zulssigkeitsgrenzen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Inte
10、rnal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN membe
11、r. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members
12、are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland an
13、d United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12517
14、-1:2006: E EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references4 3 Radiographic technique4 4 General5 5 Acceptance levels5 Annex A (informative) Guide to the limitations of radiographic testing10 A.1 Volumetric imperfections in butt welds.10 A.2 Cracks in butt welds10 A.3 P
15、lanar imperfections in butt welds10 Annex B (informative) Examples for determination of area percentage (%) of imperfections11 Annex C (normative) Sum of acceptable areas 13 Bibliography15 EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12517-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
16、121 “Welding”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Septe
17、mber 2006. This document supersedes EN 12517:1998. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). EN 12517 comprises a series of European Standards for industrial
18、 radiographic films which is made up of the following: EN 12517-1 Non-destructive testing of welds Part 1: Evaluation of welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys by radiography Acceptance levels EN 12517-2 Non-destructive testing of welds Part 2: Evaluation of welded joints in alumi
19、nium and its alloys by radiography Acceptance levels According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
20、 Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies acceptance levels for indications from imperfectio
21、ns in butt welds of steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys detected by radiographic testing. If agreed, the acceptance levels may be applied to other types of welds or materials. The acceptance levels may be related to welding standards, application standards, specifications or codes. This Europea
22、n Standard assumes that the radiographic testing has been carried out in accordance with EN 1435. When assessing whether a weld meets the requirements specified for a weld quality level, the sizes of imperfections permitted by standards are compared with the dimensions of indications revealed by a r
23、adiograph made of the weld. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments
24、) applies. EN 1435, Non-destructive examination of welds Radiographic examination of welded joints EN ISO 5817, Welding Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding excluded) Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:2003) EN ISO 6520-1, Welding and allied processe
25、s Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials Part 1: Fusion welding (ISO 6520-1:1998) 3 Radiographic technique Depending on the weld quality level, radiographic technique A or B in accordance with EN 1435 is used as shown in Table 1. Table 1 Radiographic testing Quality levels i
26、n accordance with EN ISO 5817 Testing techniques and classes in accordance with EN 1435 Acceptance levels in accordance with EN 12517 B B 1 C B a 2 D A 3 a However, the minimum number of exposure for circumferential weld testing may correspond to the requirements of class A of EN 1435. EN 12517-1:20
27、06 (E) 5 4 General Welded joints should be visually tested and evaluated in accordance with EN 970 before radiographic testing. The acceptance levels in this European Standard are basically valid for evaluation of imperfections which cannot be detected and evaluated by visual testing. Surface imperf
28、ections (such as undercut and excessive penetration, surface damage, weld spatter etc.) which, due to object geometry, cannot be evaluated, but where the interpreter suspects the EN ISO 5817 quality levels are not fulfilled, shall be subject to more specific testing. When quantification of undercut
29、and/or excessive penetration by radiographic testing is required, specific procedures using test exposures may be applied in order to establish a basis for approximate quantification in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 5817. This shall be specified. 5 Acceptance levels The acceptance level
30、s for indications are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. The types of imperfections are selected from EN ISO 5817 and defined in EN ISO 6520-1. The symbols used in Table 2 and Table 3 are the following: l length of indication, in millimetres; s nominal butt weld thickness, in millimetres; t material thic
31、kness, in millimetres; L any 100 mm testing length, in millimetres; wp width of the weld, or cross surface imperfection, in millimetres h width of indication, the width or height of surface imperfection, in millimetres; d diameter of pore; in millimetres; b width of excess penetration of weld, in mi
32、llimetres; A sum of projected areas of indications related to L x wp, in %; ?l summary length of imperfections within L, in millimetres. Indications shall not be divided into different ranges L. EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 6 Table 2 Acceptance levels for internal indications in butt welds No. Type of intern
33、al imperfections in accordance with EN ISO 6520-1 Acceptance level 3 a Acceptance level 2 a Acceptance level 1 1 Cracks (100) Not permitted Not permitted Not permitted 2a Porosity and gas pores (2012, 2011) Single layer A 2,5 % d 0,4s, max. 5 mm L = 100 mm A 1,5 % d 0,3s, max. 4 mm L = 100 mm A 1 %
34、d 0,2s, max. 3 mm L = 100 mm 2b Porosity and gas pores (2012, 2011) Multilayer A 5 % d 0,4s, max. 5 mm L = 100 mm A 3 % d 0,3s, max. 4 mm L = 100 mm A 2 % d 0,2s, max. 3 mm L = 100 mm 3b Clustered (localized) porosity (2013) A 16% d 0,4s, max. 4 mm L = 100 mm A 8% d 0,3s, max. 3 mm L = 100 mm A 4% d
35、 0,2s, max. 2 mm L = 100 mm 4ac Linear porosity (2014) Single layer A 8 % d 0,4s, max. 4 mm L = 100 mm A 4 % d 0,3s, max. 3 mm L = 100 mm A 2 % d 0,2s, max. 2 mm L = 100 mm 4bc Linear porosity (2014) Multilayer A 16 % d 0,4s, max. 4 mm L = 100 mm A 8 % d 0,3s, max. 3 mm L = 100 mm A 4 % d 0,2s, max.
36、 2 mm L = 100 mm 5d Elongated cavities (2015) and wormholes (2016) h 3 mm h 0,2t, max. 1 mm For 0,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,2t Smooth transition is required For t 3 mm h 0,1t, max. 0,5 mm For 0,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,1t Smooth transition is required For t 3 mm h 0,05t, max. 0,5 mm For 0
37、,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm not permitted 14b Shrinkage groove (root undercut 5013) Smooth transition is required For t 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,2t, max. 2 mm, For 0,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm h 0,2 mm + 0,1t Smooth transition is required For t 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,1t, max. 1 mm For 0,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,1t Smooth t
38、ransition is required For t 3 mm l ? 25 mm, h 0,05t, max. 0,5 mm For 0,5 mm ? t ? 3 mm Not permitted 15a Excess penetration (504) 0,5 mm t 3 mm h 1 mm + 0,6 b h 1 mm + 0,3 b h 1 mm + 0,1 b 15b Excess penetration (504) t 3mm h 1 mm + 1,0 b, max. 5 mm h 1 mm + 0,6 b, max. 4 mm h 1 mm + 0,2 b, max. 3 m
39、m 16 Stray arc (601) Permitted, if the properties of the parent metal are not affected Not permitted Not permitted 17 Spatter (602) Acceptance depends on application, e.g. material, corrosion protection 18a Root concavity (515) 0,5 mm ? s ? 3 mm h ? 0,2 mm + 0,1 t l 25 mm: h ? 0,1 t Not permitted (t
40、o be continued) EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 9 Table 3 (concluded) No. Type of surface imperfections in accordance with EN ISO 6520-1 Acceptance level 3 a Acceptance level 2 a Acceptance level 1 18b Root concavity (515) s 3 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,2 t, max. 2 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,1 t, max. 1 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,05 t, m
41、ax. 0,5 mm 19 Poor restart (517) s ? 0,5 mm Permitted, The limit depends on the type of imperfection (see EN ISO 5817) Not permitted Not permitted 20a Sagging (509) Incompletely filled groove (511) 0,5 mm ? s ? 3 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,25 t l 25 mm, h ? 0,1 t Not permitted 20b Sagging (509) Incompletely
42、filled groove (511) s 3 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,25 t, max. 2 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,1 t, max. 1 mm l 25 mm, h ? 0,05 t, max. 0,5 mm 21a Linear misalignment (507) 0,5 mm ? s ? 3 mm h ? 0,2 mm + 0,25 t h ? 0,2 mm + 0,15 t h ? 0,2 mm + 0,1 t 21b Linear misalignment, longitudinal welds (507) s 3 mm h ? 0,25 t, max
43、. 5 mm h ? 0,15 t, max. 4 mm h ? 0,1 t, max. 3 mm 21c Linear misalignment, circumferential welds (507) s ? 0,5 mm h ? 0,5 t, max. 4 mm h ? 0,5 t, max. 3 mm h ? 0,5 t, max. 2 mm a Acceptance levels 3 and 2 may be specified with suffix X, which denotes that all indications over 25 mm are unacceptable.
44、 EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 10 Annex A (informative) Guide to the limitations of radiographic testing NOTE The numbers between brackets conform to those used in EN ISO 6520-1. A.1 Volumetric imperfections in butt welds Porosities and gas pores (2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017) Wormholes and elongated cavities (2
45、016 and 2015) Solid inclusions (300) Copper inclusions (3042) The above imperfections listed in Table 2 will be readily detected using radiographic technique A or B of EN 1435 as shown in Table 1 of this European Standard. A.2 Cracks in butt welds Crater cracks (104) Cracks (100) The detectability o
46、f cracks by radiographic testing depends on the crack height, the ramification (presence of branching parts), opening width, direction of the X-ray beam to crack orientation and radiographic technique parameters. Reliable detection of all cracks is therefore limited. The use of radiographic techniqu
47、e B or better, as specified in EN 1435, will provide better crack detectability than radiographic technique A. A.3 Planar imperfections in butt welds Lack of fusion (401) Lack of penetration (402) The detection of lack of fusion and lack of penetration depends on characteristics of imperfections and
48、 radiographic technique parameters. Lack of side-wall fusion will probably not be detected (except it is associated with other imperfections such as slag inclusions) unless it is radiographed in direction of the side-wall. EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 11 Annex B (informative) Examples for determination of ar
49、ea percentage (%) of imperfections The following figures give a presentation of different area percentage (%) of imperfections. This should assist the assessment of imperfections on radiographs and fracture surfaces. Figure B.1 1 % Figure B.2 1,5 % Figure B.3 2 % Figure B.4 2,5 % EN 12517-1:2006 (E) 12 Figure B.5 3 % Figure B.6 4 % F