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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13412:2006 Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Determination of modulus of elasticity in compression The European Standard EN 13412:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.080.40 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank Uni
2、versity, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13412:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 49512 4 National foreword This British
3、 Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 13412:2006. It supersedes BS EN 13412:2002 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Protection and repair of concrete structures. A list
4、 of organizations represented on B/517/8 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal oblig
5、ations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13412 August 2006 ICS 91.080.40Supersedes E
6、N 13412:2002 English Version Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of modulus of elasticity in compression Produits et systmes pour la protection et la rparation des structures en bton - Mthodes dessai - Dtermination du module dlasti
7、cit en compression Produkte und Systeme fr den Schutz und die Instandsetzung von Betontragwerken - Prfverfahren - Bestimmung des Elastizittsmoduls im Druckversuch This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 July 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whi
8、ch stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Sta
9、ndard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national sta
10、ndards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EU
11、ROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13412:2006: E Licensed Co
12、py: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle5 5 Equipment 5 6 Preparation of test specimens .5 7 Proc
13、edure .6 8 Calculation7 9 Report .7 Annex A (normative) Summary of temperatures and humidities for the curing, conditioning and testing of repair products and systems 8 Bibliography9 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncont
14、rolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13412:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
15、 of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2007. This document supersedes EN 13412:2002 It has been drafted by CEN/TC 104/SC 8 “Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete
16、 structures“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard is one of a series dealing with products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie
17、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Sw
18、itzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies two methods for determining the modulus of elasticity in compression fo
19、r repair products and systems. Method 1 is for products and systems with high creep characteristics typically those containing polymer binders (PC). Method 2 is for products and systems with low creep characteristics typically those containing polymer modified (PCC) and cementitious (CC) binders. 2
20、Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing
21、 cement Part 1: Determination of strength EN 1504-1:2005, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity Part 1: Definitions EN 1504-3:2005, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concre
22、te structures Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity Part 3: Structural and non-structural repair EN 12190, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Determination of compressive strength of repair mortar EN 12390-3, Testi
23、ng hardened concrete Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens EN 12390-4, Testing hardened concrete Part 4: Compressive strength Specification for testing machines 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1504-1:2005 and EN 1504-3:2005 an
24、d the following apply. 3.1 compressive stress compressive force carried at any time by the test specimen per unit of the original cross-section 3.2 compressive strain ratio of the change in the distance between two reference points along the axis of the test specimen per unit length of the original
25、distance 3.3 secant modulus ratio of stress to a corresponding strain, measured relative to a level of pre-stress applied to firmly bed the specimen, platens and ball seating NOTE The secant modulus is also known as the static modulus of elasticity in compression as defined in ISO 6784. 3.4 creep ad
26、ditional time-dependent strain that occurs in a test specimen under a constant applied stress Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 5 4 Principle The principle of the test is to meas
27、ure the secant modulus of the specimen by applying a controlled axial compressive load to a prism with a 4:1 aspect ratio and relating a longitudinal compressive strain to the compressive stress, thus inducing it. Two methods are used: Method 1 is for products and systems with high creep characteris
28、tics, typically those containing polymer binders (PC), where a high rate of loading is necessary to counteract the effects of creep, which can significantly reduce the calculated value of the secant modulus. Method 2 is for products and systems with low creep characteristics, typically those contain
29、ing polymer modified (PCC) and cementitious (CC) binders. 5 Equipment 5.1 Mortar mixer, in accordance with EN 196-1, or a forced action pan mixer. 5.2 Moulds, prisms with a dimension of 40 mm 40 mm 160 mm in accordance with EN 196-1. 5.3 Strain measuring instruments, strain gauges with a gauge lengt
30、h of at least 50 mm, a maximum sensitivity of 50 m/m that provide a continuous indication of change in gauge length. NOTE Alternative methods of strain measurement of equivalent sensitivity may be used. 5.4 Compression testing machine, suitable for testing specimens with the dimension given in (5.2)
31、 and conforming to the requirements of EN 12390-4. 5.5 Standard laboratory climate, of (21 2) C and (60 10) % RH in accordance with Annex A. 6 Preparation of test specimens The components of the product undergoing testing shall be maintained at the standard test conditions (5.5) for at least 24 h be
32、fore mixing. A mortar mixer (5.1) shall be used to prepare a batch of product in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. NOTE A suppliers complete pack of pre-weighed components should preferably be used but where this is not practicable, the proportioning of components should be in accor
33、dance with the manufacturers specification. The mixed material shall then be compacted into prism moulds (5.2) and fully cured, following the manufacturers recommended procedure. At least three prisms are required as test specimens. The specimens shall be cured and stored as described in Annex A. Th
34、e moulds shall be removed 24 h after preparation of the test specimens. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 6 7 Procedure 7.1 Conditions and conditioning: Immediately prior to test
35、ing, the test specimens shall be conditioned for at least 24 h under the standard conditions laid down in (5.5). 7.2 Measurement: Measure the width and thickness of each specimen from the middle to the nearest 0,1 mm, to calculate the cross-sectional area. 7.3 Fitting strain measuring instruments: W
36、hen attaching a strain gauge (5.3) to a specimen, ensure that the strain measurement is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prism and any distortion about the axis is eliminated. There shall be no slippage between the grips of mechanical strain gauges and the specimen. 7.4 Method 1: The secant
37、modulus is based on the compressive stress required to reduce the gauge length of the test specimen by 0,2 % from a pre-stress of approximately 10% of the expected stress at 0,002 compressive strain. 7.4.1 Pre-loading: Place the specimen centrally in the compression test machine in accordance with t
38、he procedure of EN 12390-3, with the strain measuring instruments (5.3) attached axially. The load shall be applied smoothly at a constant rate to produce a stress of between 2 N/mm2/s and 10 N/mm2/s until a compressive strain of approximately 0,002 m/m is indicated. Record the applied load as N1. U
39、sing the same rate of loading, smoothly remove to a load of N2, which is 10 % of N1, and then re- apply the same load at least twice, using the same rate of loading, to ensure that the specimen and the platens are well seated and that the strain gauges are indicating consistently. If the individual
40、strains are not within a range of 10 % of their mean value at N1, the pre-loading in (7.4.1) should be repeated at a higher loading rate, to a maximum of 10 N/mm2/s. NOTE If the above procedure does not produce a consistent result for the strain at N1, this can be due to the effects of excessive cre
41、ep strain and can be reduced by using a faster rate of load application. If, following repeat testing at a higher rate of loading it is not possible to reduce the differences to within a range of 10 % of their mean value at N1, do not proceed with the test loading (7.4.2). 7.4.2 Test Loading: While
42、the load is held at N2, zero the strain gauges. Measure the change in the compressive strain () as the load is increased from N2 to N1 at the same rate of loading used for pre-loading (7.4.1). Calculate N as the difference between the two levels of applied load (i.e. N1 - N2). Reduce the load to N2,
43、 using the same rate of loading and then repeat the loading and unloading cycle a further three times. Four measurements of (N) and ( ) shall be recorded. The load (N) should then be converted to a stress () by dividing by the cross-sectional area (7.2) of the specimen. 7.5 Method 2: The secant modu
44、lus is established by measuring the change in the strain in the specimen when loaded to produce a stress of between 0,5 N/mm2 (2) and one-third of the compressive strength (c) of the specimen, measured in accordance with EN 12190. 7.5.1 Pre-loading: Place the test specimen, with the strain measuring
45、 instruments (5.3) attached axially and centrally in the machine. Apply the basic stress of 0,5 N/mm2 (2) and record the strain. Steadily increase the stress at a constant rate within the range (0,6 0,4) N/mm2/s until a stress equal to one-third of the compressive strength (c) of the specimen (1 = c
46、/3) is reached. NOTE The preferred rate of stress application is 0,6 N/(mm2 x s). Maintain the stress for 60 s and record the strain readings taken during the following 30 s. If the individual strain readings on the specimen are not within a range of 10 % of their mean value at (1), re-centre the te
47、st specimen and repeat the pre-loading in (7.5.1). Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sun Dec 24 05:01:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13412:2006 (E) 7 If it is not possible to reduce the differences to within a range of 10 % of their mean val
48、ue at 1, do not proceed with the test loading (7.5.2). Carry out at least two additional preloading cycles, using the same loading and unloading rate, and maintaining the stress (1 and 2) at a constant for a period of 60 s. 7.5.2 Test Loading: After completing the last preloading cycle and a waiting
49、 for a period of 60 s under the stress (2), measure the change in the compressive strain () as the stress is increased from (2 to 1), calculating () as the difference between the two levels of applied stress (i.e. 1 - 2). Measurements of (1) and () should be completed within 30 s. When all measurements have been completed, remove the strain measuring instruments (5.3) where applicable and then increase the load on the