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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13232-2:2003 Railway applications Track Switches and crossings Part 2: Requirements for geometric design The European Standard EN 13232-2:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 45.080 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Unco
2、ntrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13232-2:2003 This British Standard, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 August 2003 BSI 29 August 2003 ISBN 0 580 42537 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13232-2:200
3、3. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway track components, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement
4、international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not
5、 purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European com
6、mittee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to
7、 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDAR
8、D NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13232-2 August 2003 ICS 45.080 English version Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Part 2: Requirements for geometric design Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Appareil de voie - Partie 2: Exigences pour la conception gomtrique Bahnanwendungen
9、 - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen - Teil 2: Anforderungen an den technischen Entwurf This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 February 2003. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status
10、of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A versio
11、n in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
12、Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-
13、1050 Brussels 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13232-2:2003 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 2 Contents page Forewor
14、d3 1Scope 4 2Normative references 4 3Principles of geometry and running dynamics.4 4Non-geometric aspects of design15 5Tolerances15 Bibliography17 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 3 Foreword This document (
15、EN 13232-2:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications - Track“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by Februa
16、ry 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2004. This series of European Standards “Railway Applications Track Switches and Crossings” covers the design and quality of switches and crossings in flat bottomed rail. The list of parts is as follows: Part 1
17、: Definitions Part 2 : Requirements for geometric design Part 3 : Requirements for wheel/rail interaction Part 4 : Actuation, locking and detection Part 5 : Switches Part 6 : Fixed common and obtuse crossings Part 7 : Crossings with movable parts Part 8 : Expansion devices Part 9 : Layouts Part 1 co
18、ntains terminology used throughout all parts of this series. Parts 2 to 4 contain basic design guides and are applicable to all switch and crossing assemblies. Parts 5 to 8 deal with particular types of equipment, including their tolerances. Part 9 defines the functional and geometric dimensions and
19、 tolerances for layout assemblies. These use Parts 1 to 4 as a basis. The following terms are used within to define the parties involved in using the European Standard as the technical basis for a transaction: CustomerThe Operator or User of the equipment, or the Purchaser of the equipment on the Us
20、ers behalf. SupplierThe body responsible for the use of the European Standard in response to the Customers requirements. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
21、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Co
22、py, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 4 1 Scope This part of this European Standard covers the following subjects: geometric design principles for wheel guidance; definition of basic limits of supply; applied forces and their adequate support; tolerance levels. These are illustrated herein by application
23、to a turnout. The main switch and crossing components are represented in turnouts and the principles used in turnouts apply equally to more complex layouts. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative r
24、eferences are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
25、 the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 13232-1:2003, Railway applications Track Switches and crossings Part 1: Definitions. prEN 13232-3, Railway applications Track Switches and crossings Part 3: Requirements for wheel/rail interaction. prEN 13232-5, Ra
26、ilway applications Track Switches and crossings Part 5: Switches. prEN 13232-9, Railway applications Track Switches and crossings - Part 9: Layouts. 3 Principles of geometry and running dynamics 3.1 Introduction Geometry is represented in the running plane by the running edges. For the purpose of de
27、termination of permissible speeds and for definition of the turnout, curvature is defined by the radius of the track centreline. The guiding principles of curves are given in this standard as they apply to switches and crossings. Switches and crossings are normally designed without differential cant
28、; particular requirements shall be specified. In order to maintain safe and continuous support and guidance of wheels, certain rules of tangency are imposed. Speed and radius are then related to lateral acceleration. Cant deficiency is derived from this. Switches and crossings are characterised by c
29、hanges in lateral acceleration, so rules for both steady and sudden changes between radii are included in this section. Calculations and rules relate to vehicles with 2 axles or vehicles with 2-axle bogies. Vehicles with other than 2 axles may require special consideration and as such their configur
30、ation shall be provided by the Customer. These rules are defined for steady-state design, i.e. without acceleration. Requirements of a dynamic nature shall be stated by the Customer. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2
31、:2003 (E) 5 3.2 General requirements 3.2.1 References, terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of the European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 13232-1:2003 and the following apply. Key reference points relating to turnout geometry and the limits of supply of a turnout are
32、 illustrated in Figure 1. Key 1Actual switch toe6Limits of supply (front joints) 2Mathematical point of switch7Origin of switch curve 3Tumout intersection8Centreline radius 4Theoretical intersection9Turnout angle 5Limits of supply (heel joints) Figure 1 Key reference points 3.2.2 General tangency ru
33、les At any change in radius the two radii shall be mutually tangential at the running edges. To achieve this the centres of adjacent curves shall lie on the same radial line (see Figure 2). Exceptions to the mutual tangency rule may occur. These are: along the low-side curve of a turnout where gauge
34、 variation occurs; at the switch toe, for example, to shorten the switch rail. Details are given in prEN 13232-3 and prEN 13232-5. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 6 Key 1Tangent Figure 2 Mutual tangency 3.
35、2.3 Key determinants For a concise definition of the geometry of an assembly of switches and crossings, a minimum amount of basic quantitative information is required. The following items are both necessary and sufficient for such a definition of a turnout. The following shall be defined by the Cust
36、omer and numerical values provided to the Supplier. Note that some values may be different from those for plain line : gauge; speed; maximum lateral acceleration or cant deficiency; maximum rate of change of lateral acceleration or cant deficiency; turnout intersection point and angle (see Figure 3)
37、; limits of supply (front joints, heel joints); lowside gauge variation (if any). For a crossover or junction, in addition, the following shall be defined by the Customer and provided to the Supplier: distance between main line track centrelines. For switches and crossings on a curved main line, the
38、 following must be defined and provided by the Customer: main line curvature; main line and branch line cant through turnout. The key points whose location shall be agreed between Customer and Supplier are as follows: Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Un
39、controlled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 7 origin of switch curve; real switch toe (RP); theoretical intersection (of crossing). Key 1Overall length 2Tangent length 3Turnout intersection 4Turnout angle Figure 3 Setting out diagram Radii of main and branch lines and the positions at which they ch
40、ange shall be agreed, for example as illustrated in Figure 4a) for circular geometry and 4b for transitional geometry, together with: centreline radii; origin of switch curve to positions of changes of radii; tangent offset (if any); where such changes of radii shall be bounded either by included an
41、gle, or by longitudinal distance or by lateral offset, or in the case of a transition section, by such data as is necessary to uniquely define its shape. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 8 Figure 4a) Circul
42、arFigure 4b) Transitional Key 1Centreline 2Transition Figure 4 Key dimensions related to radius 3.3 Speed relationships Fundamental rules of circular motion determine the relationship between radius and speed around a curve. For railway specific applications the following formula applies: vmax = (am
43、ax Rc)(1) where Rc is the local centreline radius of the curve in metre; amax is the maximum lateral acceleration in m/s2 ; vmax is the maximum local velocity in m/s. Alternatively with Vmax in km/h: Vmax = 3,6 (amax Rc)(2) Often it is convenient to express maximum speed in terms of more physical me
44、asures, using the variables cant deficiency and wheel contact gauge. Firstly, wheel contact gauge is expressed conventionally as: sw = st + sr (3) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 9 where sw is the wheel co
45、ntact gauge, or distance between the two upper wheel/rail contacts, in millimetre; st is the track gauge in millimetre; sr is the rail head width in millimetre. If sr is not specified then, for standard gauge (1 435 mm), sw takes the value 1 500 mm. The speed relationship is then given by: Vmax = 3,
46、6 (hd g Rc / sw) (4) where hd is the maximum permitted cant deficiency in millimetre; g is the acceleration due to gravity, normally taken as 9,81 m/s2. 3.4 Effects of changes in curvature 3.4.1 Introduction Most real situations yield a step change in curvature, since a smooth curvature change only
47、occurs in transition curves. The effects of step changes are mitigated by the vehicles suspension system, but an approximate rule is necessary to enable the switch and crossing supplier to match the vehicles requirements. In the following the rules for steady transitions are covered first, then the
48、rules for step changes in curvature. See Figure 5 for examples of alternative arrangements of transitions within turnouts. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 10:56:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13232-2:2003 (E) 10 Key 1Radius 2Transition 3Straight 4Radius 1 5Ra
49、dius 2 Figure 5 Examples of geometry types 3.4.2 Change of lateral acceleration The steady change of curvature is quantified by the rate of change of lateral acceleration. Alternatively it may be termed a rate of change of cant deficiency. This is related to a rate of change of lateral acceleration which is calculated with the following formula: dt da g s dt dh wd =(5) where dt dhd is the rate of