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1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2155-9:1989 Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing Part 9: Determination of haze This European Standard EN 2155-9 has the status of a British Standard. UDC 629.73.023.26:620.1:535.3 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17
2、:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-9:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI on 30 November 1989 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate t
3、o the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/62 Draft for comment 88/70404 DC ISBN 0 580 17929 X Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following
4、Western European countries. AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut BelgiumInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standardiseringsraad FinlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organization fo
5、r Standardization IcelandIcelandic Council for Standardization IrelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione LuxemburgInspection des travails et des mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut NorwayNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstituto
6、 Portugus da Qualidade SpainInstituto Espaol de Normalizacin SwedenStandardiseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation suisse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldu
7、n, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover National forewordii Brief history2 Text of EN 2155-93 National appendix AInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu No
8、v 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-9:1989 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN 2155 “Aerospace series. Test methods for trans
9、parent materials for aircraft glazing” Part 9 “Determination of haze” published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 2155-9 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary pr
10、ovisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title
11、page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00
12、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2155-9 March 1989 UDC: 629.73.023.26:620.1:535.3 Key words: Aircraft industry, glazing, transparent plastics, glass, tests, optical properties English version Aerospace series Test methods for transparent materials
13、 for aircraft glazing Part 9: Determination of haze Srie arospatiale Mthodes dessais pour matriaux transparents pour vitrages aronautiques Partie 9: Dtermination du flou Luft- und Raumfahrt Prfverfahren fr transparente Werkstoffe zur Verglasung von Luftfahrzeugen Teil 9: Bestimmung der Trbung This E
14、uropean Standard was accepted by CEN on 1988-03-17. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of CEN Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refere
15、nces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member
16、 into its own language and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
17、Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1989 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref. No. EN 2155-9:1989 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldu
18、n sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 2 Brief history This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of
19、this Association, this Standard has successively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. According to the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, following countries are bound to implement this European Standa
20、rd: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Brief history2 1Scope and field of application3 2Definitions3 3Apparatus3 4Specimens4 5Procedure4 6Expr
21、ession of results4 7Test report4 Figure 1 Hazemeter5 Figure 2 Hazemeter with pivoting sphere5 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 11-19993 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies the determinat
22、ion of the haze of planar sections of transparent plastics, using a hazemeter based on an integrating sphere. This method is not recommended for the measurement of haze values greater than 30 % as determined by this method. 2 Definitions Haze is defined as the scatter of light from an accumulation o
23、f tiny particles within the material, or from very small defects on the surface. This can lead to an obscuration of the view through the material or the spreading of an image beyond its proper limits. 3 Apparatus 3.1 Hazemeter The apparatus shall consist of a hazemeter, constructed essentially as sh
24、own in Figure 1 or Figure 2. 3.1.1 Integrating sphere An integrating sphere shall be used to collect the transmitted flux. The sphere may be of any diameter so long as the total port area does not exceed 4 % of the internal reflecting area of the sphere. The entrance and exit ports shall be centred
25、on the same great circle of the sphere and there shall be at least 170 of arc between centres. The exit port shall subtend an angle of 8 at the centre of the entrance port. The axis of the irradiating beam shall pass through the centres of the entrance and exit ports. The photocell or photocells sha
26、ll be positioned on the sphere (90 10) from the entrance port. In the pivotable model, Figure 2, which is designed to use the interior sphere wall adjacent to the exit port as the reflectance standard, the angle of rotation shall not exceed 10. 3.1.2 Light beam The specimen shall be illuminated by a
27、 substantially unidirectional beam; the maximum angle which any ray of this beam makes with the direction of its axis shall not exceed 3. The beam shall not be vignetted at either port of the sphere. When the beam is unobstructed by the specimen, its cross section at the exit port shall be approxima
28、tely circular, sharply defined, and concentric within the exit port, leaving an annulus of (1,3 0,1) subtended at the entrance port. When the specimen is placed immediately against the integrating sphere at the entrance port, the angle between the normal to its surface and the axis of the beam shall
29、 not exceed 8. 3.1.3 Reflecting surfaces The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere, baffles, and reflectance standards shall be of substantially equal reflectance, matt, and highly reflecting throughout the visible wave lengths. (Freshly smoked magnesium oxide is excellent for this purp
30、ose but highly reflecting matt sphere paints are more durable). 3.1.4 Light trap For some measurements the standard at the exit port is replaced by a light trap by actual removal of the reflectance standard or by pivoting the sphere (see Figure 2). The light trap shall absorb the beam completely whe
31、n no specimen is present. Due to the absorbing annulus surrounding the unimpeded beam at the exit port, this trap will absorb slightly more than the undeviated portion of the total flux transmitted by the specimen. 3.1.5 Photoelectric cell The radiant flux within the sphere shall be measured by a ph
32、otoelectric cell, the output measurements of which shall be proportional within 1 % to the incident flux over the range of intensity used. Spectral conditions for source and receiver shall be constant throughout the test or each specimen. The design of the instrument shall be such that there shall b
33、e a zero reading of the galvanometer deflection or measuring instrument when the sphere is dark. The spectral response of the photocell shall be corrected to approximate that of the human eye. For the purpose of this standard the light source is deemed to be illuminant A of the International Commiss
34、ion on Illuminant i.e. a tungsten filament lamp operated at a colour temperature of (2 855 285) K. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-9:1989 4 BSI 11-1999 For nearly colourless transparent materials as used for aircraft
35、glazing the values for % haze obtained using illuminant C instead of illuminant A are not generally significantly different. 3.2 The output from the photocell may be conveniently read on a digital voltmeter. 4 Specimens 4.1 Preparation Specimens shall be taken from a sheet. The surfaces of the test
36、specimens shall be substantially flat and parallel. Care shall be taken to remove dust and grease from the specimens prior to measurement. Specimens shall be free of scratches, blemishes, and visibly distinct internal voids and particles, unless it is specifically desired to measure the contribution
37、 to haze due to these imperfections. The effect of surface defects may be eliminated by immersing the specimen in a clear liquid of the same refractive index. 4.2 Dimensions The test specimens shall be 35 mm in diameter, minimum, and small enough to be tangent to the sphere wall. The thickness of th
38、e test specimen shall be as furnished, or for comparative purposes, shall be (3 0,1) mm. 5 Procedure Readings Determine the following four values for a given location on a specimen: 6 Expression of results 6.1 Haze Calculate percentage haze as follows: 6.2 Per cent haze shall be expressed to nearest
39、 0,1 %. 6.3 Thickness of specimen shall be measured in millimetres to nearest 0,02 mm. 7 Test report The test report shall include: 7.1 Thickness of specimen 7.2 % haze. Reading designation Specimen in position Light trap in position Reflection standard in position Quantity represented T1NoNoYesInci
40、dent light T2YesNoYesTotal light transmitted by specimen T3NoYesNoLight scattered by instrument T4YesYesNoLight scattered by instrument and specimen Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 11-19995 Figure 1 Hazemet
41、er Figure 2 Hazemeter with pivoting sphere Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 Natio
42、nal appendix A The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee (ACE/-) to Technical Committee ACE/62 upon which the following bodies were represented: British Plastics Federation Ministry of Defence Society of Br
43、itish Aerospace Companies Limited Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:55:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing Bri
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