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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 167:1995 Personal eye protection Optical test methods The European Standard EN 167:1995 has the status of a British Standard Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 167:1995 This British Standard, having
2、been prepared under the direction of the Personal Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1995 BSI 12-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PSM/2 Dr
3、aft for comment 89/39389 DC ISBN 0 580 24681 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PSM/2, Eye protection, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists British College
4、of Optometrists British Foundry Association British Glass Manufacturers Confederation British Plastics Federation British Steel plc Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Electricity Association Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Federation of Manufacturin
5、g Opticians Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Health and Safety Executive Industrial Safety (Protective Equipment) Manufacturers Association Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Occupational Safety and Health Light Metal Founders Association Manufacturin
6、g Science Finance Ministry of Defence National Radiological Protection Board Safety Equipment Distributors Association Steel Casting Research and Trade Association Trades Union Congress Zinc Alloy Die Casters Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffie
7、ldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 167:1995 BSI 12-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Text of EN 1673 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncont
8、rolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 167:1995 ii BSI 12-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Personal Equipment Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN 167 Personal eye-protection Optical test methods, published by the European
9、Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 167 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kingdom took an active part. It is based on ISO 4854:1981 Personal eye-protectors Optical test methods. The scope of this standard includes matters which are given in appendices C an
10、d D of BS 2092:1987. It does not include matters which are given in either the specification clauses of BS 2092:1987 or appendices A, B and E to N inclusive of BS 2092:1987. The specification clauses of BS 2092:1987, together with the schedule of tests given in appendix E of BS 2092:1987, are replac
11、ed by those given in BS EN 166. The non-optical test methods given in appendices A, B and F to N of BS 2092:1987 are replaced by those given in BS EN 168. This British Standard, together with BS EN 166:1995 and BS EN 168:1995, replaces BS 2092:1987, which will be withdrawn when BS EN 166 is publishe
12、d. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document compris
13、es a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 16 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldu
14、n sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 167 May 1995 ICS 13.340.10 Descriptors: Safety, accident prevention, eyes, eye-glasses, oculars, optical tests, inspection, specifications, measurement English versi
15、on Personal eye-protection Optical test methods Protection individuelle de loeil Mthodes dessais optiques Persnlicher Augenschutz Optische Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-05-30. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate
16、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists
17、in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies
18、 of Austria, Belgium, DEnmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secreta
19、riat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to CEN and its members Ref. No. EN 167:1995 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
20、EN 167:1995 BSI 12-1998 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 85, Eye-protective equipment, of which the secretariat is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
21、 endorsement, at the latest by November 1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1995. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential require
22、ments of EC Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerl
23、and and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope 3 2Normative references 3 3Test for spherical, astigmatic and prismatic refractive powers 3 3.1Testing unmounted oculars covering one eye3 3.2Testing unmounted oculars covering both eyes and mounted oculars (spectacles, goggles and face-shields)
24、4 4Light diffusion test5 4.1Principle5 4.2Test methods6 4.2.1 Basic method6 4.2.2 Simplified method7 5Assessment of quality of material and surface9 6Determination of transmittance10 7Determination of transmittance variations10 7.1Unmounted oculars covering one eye10 7.2Mounted oculars and oculars c
25、overing both eyes10 Page Annex A (normative) Method for measuring spherical and astigmatic refractive powers over small areas A.1Principle12 A.2Appratus12 A.3Measurements13 Figure 1 Telescope target (dimensions are given in 3.1.1.2)3 Figure 2 Arrangement of apparatus for measurement of prismatic dif
26、ference5 Figure 3 Diffusion angles6 Figure 4 Arrangement of apparatus for measurement of light diffusion basic method7 Figure 5 Arrangement of apparatus for measurement of light diffusion Simplified method8 Figure 6 Arrangement of apparatus for assessment of quality of material and surface10 Figure
27、A.1 Determination of the distance f of the focal plane from the test ocular by means of two parallel rays 1 and 213 Figure A.2 Test apparatus14 Figure A.3 Position sensing diode15 Figure A.4 Diagramatic view of the image in the measuring plane16 Figure A.5 Measuring curves for oculars with different
28、 refractive properties16 Table 1 Relative uncertainty of transmittance measurements10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 167:1995 BSI 12-19983 1 Scope This European Standard specifies optical test methods for eye-protectors,
29、the requirements for which are contained in other ENs. Alternative methods may be used if shown to be equivalent. Non-optical test methods are given in EN 168. A definition of terms is given in EN 165. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisio
30、ns from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by a
31、mendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 165:1995, Personal eye-protection Vocabulary. EN 166:1995, Personal eye-protection Specifications. EN 168:1995, Personal eye-protection Non-optical test methods. 3 Test for spherical, astigmati
32、c and prismatic refractive powers NOTEThe reference methods for assessment of refractive power are contained in 3.1 and 3.2. If during measurement using the telescope a doubling or other aberration of the image is observed then the ocular may either be classified as a defective, or subjected to furt
33、her examination using the method described in annex A. 3.1 Testing unmounted oculars covering one eye 3.1.1 Apparatus 3.1.1.1 Telescope A telescope with an aperture of nominally 20 mm and a magnification between 10 and 30, fitted with an adjustable eyepiece incorporating a reticular. 3.1.1.2 Illumin
34、ated target A target, consisting of a black plate incorporating the cut-out pattern shown in Figure 1, behind which is located a light source of adjustable luminance with a condenser, if necessary, to focus the magnified image of the light source on the telescope objective. The large annulus of the
35、target has an outer diameter of (23,0 0,1) mm with an annular aperture of (0,6 0,1) mm. The small annulus has an inner diameter of (11,0 0,1) mm with an annular aperture of (0,6 0,1) mm. The central aperture has a diameter of (0,6 0,1) mm. The bars are nominally 20 mm long and 2 mm wide with a nomin
36、al 2 mm separation. 3.1.1.3 Filter A filter with its maximum transmittance in the green part of the spectrum may be used to reduce chromatic aberrations. 3.1.1.4 Calibration lenses Lenses with positive and negative spherical refractive powers of 0,06 m1, 0,12 m1 and 0,25 m1 (tolerance 0,01 m1). 3.1.
37、2 Arrangement and calibration of apparatus The telescope and illuminated target are placed on the same optical axis (4,60 0,02) m apart. The observer focuses the reticule and the target and aligns the telescope to obtain a clear image of the pattern. This setting is regarded as the zero point of the
38、 focusing scale of the telescope. The focusing adjustment of the telescope is calibrated with the calibration lenses (3.1.1.4) so that a power of 0,01 m1 may be measured. Any other equivalent calibration method may be used. 3.1.3 Procedure The ocular is positioned normal to the telescope axis. Measu
39、rements are taken at the points specified in 7.1.2.1.1 of EN 166:1995. Figure 1 Telescope target (dimensions are given in 3.1.1.2) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 167:1995 4 BSI 12-1998 3.1.3.1 Spherical refractive power a
40、nd astigmatic refractive power 3.1.3.1.1 Oculars without astigmatic refractive power The telescope is adjusted until the image of the target is perfectly resolved. The spherical power of the ocular is then read from the scale of the telescope. 3.1.3.1.2 Oculars with astigmatic refractive power The t
41、arget, or the ocular, is rotated in order to align the principal meridians of the ocular with the bars of the target. The telescope is focused firstly on one set of bars (measurement D1) and then on the perpendicular bars (measurement D2). The spherical power is the mean, D1+ D2/2, the astigmatic re
42、fractive power is the absolute difference, |D1 D2|, of the two measurements. 3.1.3.2 Prismatic refractive power The ocular to be tested is placed in front of the telescope, and, if the point of intersection of the lines of the reticule falls outside the image of the large circle, the prismatic power
43、 exceeds 0,25 cm/m. If the point of intersection of the lines of the reticule falls inside the image of the small circle of the target, the prismatic power is less than 0,12 cm/m. 3.2 Testing unmounted oculars covering both eyes and mounted oculars (spectacles, goggles and face-shields) 3.2.1 Determ
44、ination of the spherical and astigmatic refractive power The spherical and astigmatic powers are determined for each eye in accordance with the procedure described in 3.1.3.1 with the eye protector mounted in front of the telescope as worn and using a nominal pupilary distance of 64 mm. 3.2.2 Determ
45、ination of the difference in prismatic refractive power 3.2.2.1 Apparatus The arrangement of the reference method is shown in Figure 2. 3.2.2.2 Procedure The diaphragm LB1, illuminated by the light source, is adjusted in such a way that it produces an image on the plane B when the eye-protector (P)
46、is not in position. The eye-protector is placed in front of the lens L2 so that the axis of the eye-protector is parallel to the optical axis of the test assembly. Adjustable tilt eye-protectors are positioned with their oculars normal to the optical axis of the test equipment. Measure the vertical
47、and horizontal distances between the two displaced images arising from the two ocular regions of the eye-protector. These distances in centimetres are divided by two to give the horizontal and vertical prismatic differences in centimetres per metre. If the light paths which correspond to the two eye
48、 regions cross, the prismatic refractive power is “base in” and if the light paths do not cross, it is “base out”. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:05:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 167:1995 BSI 12-19985 4 Light diffusion test 4.1 Principle The luminance (L
49、s) of an illuminated ocular is a measure of its light diffusion and is proportional to the illuminance (E). The proportionality factor is the luminance factor l = Ls/E, which is expressed in candelas per square metre per lux To obtain a factor l* which is independent of the transmittance of the ocular, the luminance factor is divided by the transmittance . This quantity is known as the reduced luminance factor and is expressed in the same units as the luminance factor. NOTEMost oculars have d