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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 17381:2003 BS 6068-2.88:2003 Water quality Selection and application of ready-to-use test kit methods in water analysis ICS 13.060.45 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 17381:2003 This British St
2、andard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 December 2003 BSI 22 December 2003 ISBN 0 580 43154 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 17381:2003 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its pr
3、eparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/3, Water quality, to Subcommittee EH/3/2, Physical, chemical and biochemical methods, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British
4、Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This public
5、ation does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible internationa
6、l/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title p
7、age, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006,
8、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 17381:2003(E) OSI 3002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17381 First edition 2003-12-15 Water quality Selection and application of ready-to-use test kit methods in water analysis Qualit de leau Choix et application des mthodes utilisant des kits prts lemploi
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14、pthgis.o gro We bwww.is.o gro ii ISO 3002 Allr ithgsr esedevr BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:18371 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative
15、 references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Classification of ready-to-use methods 2 5 Typical areas for the application of ready-to-use methods 2 6 Selecting an analytical method . 3 7 Requirements for the application of ready-to-use methods. 4 8 Quality assurance. 7 9 Documentation 7 Annex A (inf
16、ormative) Decision-making process 9 Annex B (informative) Case studies for the decision-making process 10 BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:18371 O3002(E) iv I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr Foreword ISO (the
17、International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
18、 has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnic
19、al standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bo
20、dies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying an
21、y or all such patent rights. ISO 17381 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality. BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:18371 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr v Introduction In water a
22、nd waste-water monitoring, an appropriate, standardized procedure exists for practically every parameter to be investigated. However, in certain circumstances, the employment of a simpler, faster and often more economical method is preferred, provided that this does not entail a breach of legislatio
23、n. This International Standard refers to methods for the analysis of water samples which can be undertaken outside the analytical laboratory, either on-site or as a field test, when the purpose of the test is to characterize the water under test for either quality or control purposes. In the case of
24、 determinands which are unstable after sampling, and which cannot be stabilized, ready-to-use methods provide the most suitable means of obtaining reliable test results. The test methods are simple procedures for use by a non-chemist after suitable training as well as by the trained chemist. The met
25、hods described in this International Standard are not intended as a substitute for, or alternative to, other standards on the quantitative analysis of waters, which remain the reference methods for use in the laboratory. The choice of the most suitable method depends upon the type of analysis requir
26、ed, and on the necessary quality of the results. This International Standard is intended to set out boundary conditions for selecting a non-standardized analytical method and to define the requirements with regard to both the application and the production of ready-to-use methods. When applying the
27、information contained in this International Standard, highly specialized expert knowledge is required when selecting suitable methods, whereas less stringent demands are made upon the subsequent application, in particular of simplified methods. BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldu
28、n, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:18371 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr 1 Water quality Selection an
29、d application of ready-to-use test kit methods in water analysis WARNING Persons using this standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to esta
30、blish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This International Standard gives guidance on the selection, and requirements for the application, of ready-to- use methods in water analysis. The so-called “ready-to-use methods“
31、are of increasing interest because, compared to standard methods, they allow fast and often inexpensive results for analytical problems. Under certain conditions these methods can be applied in routine control of water quality, provided they give reliable results. This International Standard deals w
32、ith practical aspects concerning quantitative ready-to-use methods. Statistical evaluations for establishing the equivalence of ready-to-use methods and standard methods are only mentioned briefly. As the available ready-to-use methods are based on different analytical principles and also show diffe
33、rent degrees of accuracy, they are classified into several groups. The aim of this International Standard is to set up criteria as to when the different kinds of ready-to-use methods may be applied for the analysis of distinct parameters in water samples (e.g. potable water, river water, process wat
34、er, waste water) and which steps are necessary to prove their suitability for a certain application. Ready-to-use methods have to meet special requirements because they are often used by non-chemists. This International Standard lists requirements for the producers of these tests, concerning safety
35、and environmental aspects as well as handling and a description of the procedure. There are also several requirements concerning the training and supervision of the users of ready-to-use methods. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
36、document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8466-1, Water quality Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance characteristics Part 1: S
37、tatistical evaluation of the linear calibration function ISO 8466-2, Water quality Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance characteristics Part 2: Calibration strategy for non-linear second-order calibration functions ISO/TR 13530, Water quality Guide to analyt
38、ical quality control for water analysis BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:18371 O3002(E) 2 I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and de
39、finitions apply. 3.1 reference method analytical method that is stipulated by law and is usually standardized 3.2 ready-to-use method analytical method that is ready-made for use, and may be employed in the field with no need for a laboratory NOTE A more familiar name is “field method“. 3.3 decision
40、 value discrete indication of concentration derived from legal, technical and other requirements 3.4 accuracy degree of agreement of the observed value with the true value of the quantity of interest NOTE Both random and systematic errors can contribute to a reduction in accuracy. 4 Classification o
41、f ready-to-use methods Ready-to-use methods are characterized by their readiness for use and their suitability for use in the field. As a rule they require less expenditure, less technical equipment and less expertise than the corresponding reference method. Depending upon the nature of the task inv
42、olved and the method employed, the quality of the analytical results obtained using ready-to-use methods may equal the result gained when applying the corresponding standardized methods. Ready-to-use methods may be classified according to various different aspects: a) according to the type of method
43、 (e.g. photometric cuvette test, comparator test, test sticks, simple volumetric determination); b) according to the accuracy of the reading of a discrete analytical finding, or of a range of results. Ready-to-use methods are frequently based on standard methods that have been miniaturized to allow
44、their direct application. They may also differ in part from the standard method in their method of detection. 5 Typical areas for the application of ready-to-use methods 5.1 General Case studies outlining the use of ready-to-use methods in the different areas of application are contained in Annex B.
45、 Ready-to-use methods constitute a useful addition to standard procedures in the following areas. BS ISO 17381:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 03:24:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:18371 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irthgs ersedevr 3 5.2 Screening Ready-to-use
46、methods may be used for preselection of samples for analysis in the laboratory, and selection of the most suitable analytical method (concentration range, interferences). 5.3 Faults in waste-water facilities Ready-to-use methods may be used for rapid detection of the uncontrolled ingress of pollutan
47、ts in waste- water facilities. 5.4 Accidents with damaging consequences for surface water and ground water Ready-to-use methods are a particularly useful means of limiting the amount of damage in the event of accidents, due to the rapid availability of the analytical information that they provide. 5
48、.5 Control measurements in waste water, drinking water, swimming-pool water, surface water, water containing fish, and water for maintaining aquatic animal and plant life Ready-to-use methods are employed, for example, for monitoring compliance with the permissible concentration range for a given pa
49、rameter. 5.6 Monitoring of processes Ready-to-use methods can be used to monitor and control processes (e.g. in waste-water facilities, production plants, internal water treatment plants and disinfection systems). 5.7 Testing for the presence of a given substance The question as to whether or not a given substance (e.g. cyanide in waste water) is present may also be answered by means of ready-to-use methods. The desired detection limit and abili