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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD ENV 1094-7:1994 Insulating refractory products Part 7: Methods of test for ceramic fibre products UDC 666.766:620.1 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD ENV 1094-7:1994 Th
2、is British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Refractory Products Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 October 1994 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committ
3、ee reference RPI/9 ISBN 0 580 23337 5 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Prestandard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgi
4、umInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standard FinlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organization for Standardization IcelandTechnological Institute of Iceland IrelandNational Standards A
5、uthority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione LuxembourgInspection du Travail et des Mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut NorwayNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstituto Portugus da Qualidade SpainAsociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin SwedenStandard
6、iseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation suisse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontroll
7、ed Copy, (c) BSI DD ENV 1094-7:1994 BSI 02-2000i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Text of ENV 1094-73 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsibleInside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-referencesInside back cover Licen
8、sed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD ENV 1094-7:1994 ii BSI 02-2000 National foreword This Draft for Development has been prepared under the direction of the Refractory Products Standards Policy Commit
9、tee and is the English language version of ENV 1094-7:1993 Insulating refractory products Part 7: Methods of test for ceramic fibre products, published as a European Prestandard by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). This publication is not be regarded as a British Standard. It is tech
10、nically equivalent to BS 1902-6:1986 Methods of testing refractory materials Part 6: Ceramic fibre products, which remains the appropriate British Standard. This Draft for Development is issued to fulfil obligations and make the outcome of European work available. It should be applied on this provis
11、ional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application may be obtained for reporting to the CEN committee responsible for converting the Prestandard into a European Standard. A review of the Prestandard will be carried out 2 years after its publication. Submission of comments f
12、rom users of this publication is requested. According to the replies received, the responsible BSI committee will judge whether to support the conversion into a European Standard or what other action should be taken. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Technical Committee RPI/
13、9, at 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, quoting the document reference (DD ENV 1094-7), the relevant clause and, where possible, a proposed revision, within 2 years of the issue of this document. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the
14、ENV title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank
15、University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN PRESTANDARD PRNORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE VORNORM ENV 1094-7 December 1993 UDC 666.766:620.1 Descriptors: Refractory materials, shaped refractories, shaped insulating refractory products, ceramics, tests English versi
16、on Insulating refractory products Part 7: Methods of test for ceramic fibre products This European Prestandard (ENV) was approved by CEN on 1993-08-17 as a prospective standard for provisional application. The period of validity of this ENV is limited initially to three years. After two years the me
17、mbers of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the ENV can be converted into a European Standard (EN). CEN members are required to announce the existence of this ENV in the same way as for an EN and to make the ENV available promptly at national level i
18、n an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the ENV) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the ENV into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germ
19、any, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyr
20、ight reserved to CEN members Ref. No. ENV 1094-7:1993 E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ENV 1094-7:1993 BSI 02-2000 2 Foreword This European Prestandard has been prepared by CEN/TC187 “Refractor
21、y products and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. Reproducibility and repeatability data are not available at present but may be included in a subsequent edition. EN 1094 Insulating refractory products consists of 7 Parts: Part 1: Terminology for ceramic fibre products; Part 2: Cla
22、ssification of shaped products; Part 3: Classification of ceramic fibre products; Part 4: Determination of bulk density and true porosity of shaped products; Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength of shaped products; Part 6: Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating of shap
23、ed products; Part 7: Methods of test for ceramic fibre products (ENV). In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to announce this European Prestandard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, N
24、etherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Preparation of test pieces3 4Determination of the thickness3 5Determination of the bulk density4 6Determination of resilience5 7Determination of the permanent linear c
25、hange on heating5 8Determination of thermal conductivity7 9Determination of the tensile strength9 10Determination of shot content9 11Test reports10 Figure 1 Thermal conductivity apparatus11 Figure 2 Example of apparatus for measurement of shot content12 Table 1 Summary of test methods and designatio
26、ns, applicability to product types and number of test pieces per item required4 Table 2 Heating rates for the slow heat method7 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ENV 1094-7:1993 BSI 02-20003 1 Sco
27、pe This European Prestandard specifies methods for determining the thickness, bulk density, resilience, permanent linear change, thermal conductivity, tensile strength and shot content of ceramic fibre products. It applies to ceramic fibre bulk, blankets, felts, mats, boards, pre-formed shapes and p
28、apers, with the exception of products delivered in a wet state. The application of the individual test methods is given in Table 1, with reference to the type of products. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Th
29、ese normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated
30、references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1094-1, Insulating refractory products Part 1: Terminology for ceramic fibre products. EN 10002-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machine. ISO 565:19
31、90, Test sieves: Woven metal wire cloth perforated plate, and electroformed sheets, nominal sizes of apertures. 3 Preparation of test pieces The number of items to be tested shall be determined by agreement between the parties. The number of test pieces per item shall be determined in accordance wit
32、h Table 1. When the material to be tested is wound, any compressed material at the extreme ends shall be excluded. A strip shall be cut perpendicular to the length across the full material width, of sufficient size for the different tests planned. From the strip, cut the required number of test piec
33、es of required dimensions, using a template, a sharp knife, a saw, or other method which will not damage the sample. Avoid excess pressure as this may crush the fibre. 4 Determination of the thickness 4.1 Principle Determination of the thickness of a product subjected to a compressive stress which d
34、epends on its nominal bulk density. There are two methods, of which the dial gauge comparator method (4.3.1) is the referee method and is the only method applicable to ceramic fibre paper. 4.2 Test piece dimensions The size of the test piece shall be such that the disc entirely rests on it, and shal
35、l be at least 100 mm 100 mm. 4.3 Methods 4.3.1 The dial gauge comparator method 4.3.1.1 Apparatus, consisting of a machined reference plate, a dial gauge comparator and its base and a metallic disc, 75 mm in diameter. The apparatus is capable of applying a 350 Pa 7 Pa compressive stress to products
36、with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m3 and a 725 Pa 15 Pa compressive stress to products with a nominal bulk density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m3. For ceramic fibre papers, the measurement shall be carried out under a compressive stress of 50 kPa 1 kPa with a disc 12,5 mm in diameter. 4.
37、3.1.2 Procedure. Put the test piece on the reference plate and let the disc rest on the product, care being taken not to induce parasitic pressure. Measure the thickness at the disc centre with respect to the reference plate and to an accuracy of 0,1 mm. 4.3.2 The needle method 4.3.2.1 Apparatus, co
38、nsisting of a machined reference plate, and a measuring device made up of a needle 150 mm 1 mm in length and 3 mm in diameter, and a metallic disc 75 mm in diameter which slides along the needle and is capable of being secured in position, with a dial gauge comparator and a thickness gauge. The stre
39、ss determined by the mass of the disc and of its securing device shall not exceed 350 Pa 7 Pa for products with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m3 and 725 Pa 15 Pa for products with a nominal bulk density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m3. 4.3.2.2 Procedure. Put the product to be measured on t
40、he reference plate, punch it with the needle and remove the needle. For the measurement, bring back the needle point in contact with the reference plate and lower the disc on to the surface of the product, care being taken not to induce parasitic pressure. Secure the disc in position, remove the who
41、le device and measure the distance between the needle point and the disc to an accuracy of 0,1 mm. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ENV 1094-7:1993 4 BSI 02-2000 Table 1 Summary of test methods a
42、nd designations, applicability to product types and number of test pieces per item required 4.4 Test report Report the data required by clause 11, the dimensions of each test piece, the individual values for each test piece and the mean value for each item. 5 Determination of the bulk density 5.1 Pr
43、inciple Determination of the bulk density by calculation of the ratio between the mass of the product and its volume geometrically determined, thickness having been first determined according to clause 4. 5.2 Apparatus a) Thickness measurement device, as in 4.3.1 or 4.3.2; b) Steel rule, reading to
44、0,5 mm, possibly with a square angle at the readings origin, or alternatively, callipers; c) Ventilated oven, at (110 5) C; d) Balance, of 2 kg capacity, accurate to 0,1 g. 5.3 Test pieces The dimensions of the test pieces shall be in accordance with 4.2. Dry the test pieces at (110 5) C to constant
45、 mass. Constant mass can be considered as achieved when the mass variation between two weighings carried out within a one hour interval does not exceed 0,1 %. Reject any test piece where the loss of mass exceeds 5 % after drying. 5.4 Procedure Measure the two other dimensions of the test piece with
46、the steel rule or the callipers to an accuracy of 0,5 mm, and calculate its area, the thickness being determined according to clause 4. Carry out the measurements along the middle of each face of the test piece. Carry out the weighings with an accuracy of 0,1 g. 5.5 Expression of results Calculate t
47、he bulk volume Vb of the test-piece (in m3) using the following equation: Vb = S t where: Calculate the bulk density of the test piece (in kg/m3) using the equation: where ClauseTestMaterial Number of test pieces 4Thickness: 725 Pa method or 350 Pa method Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board3 50 kPa methodPape
48、r3 5Bulk densityBlanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper3 6ResilienceBlanket, Felt, Mat3 7Permanent linear change on heating by the: Slow heat method or the Hot furnace method Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper, Pre-formed shapes 3 8Thermal conductivity: Calorimetric method up to hot face temperature of 1 300
49、 C Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Pre-formed shapes 1 9Tensile strengthBlanket, Felt, Paper5 10Shot contentBulk fibre, Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper 3 Sis the area in m2; tis the thickness in m. (1) mis the dry mass in kg determined in 5.4; Vbis the bulk volume in m3. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:55:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ENV 1094-7:1993 BSI 02-20005 5.6 Test report Report the data required by clause 11, the mass