《IEEE-N323A-1997.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《IEEE-N323A-1997.pdf（24页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、ANSI N323A-1997 American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration, Portable Su,wey Instruments Accredited Standards Committee Sponsored by the National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
2、 Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IEEE N323A-ENGL 1777 D +805702 055b745 b y 1 W ANSI N323A-I 997 American National Standar
3、d Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration, Portable Survey Instruments Sponsor National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 3 April 1997 Amer
4、ican National Standards Institute Abstract: Specific requirements are established for portable radiation protection instruments used for detection and measurement of levels of ionizing radiation fields or levels of radioactive surface contamination. Keywords: portable survey instruments, radiation m
5、easurements, radiation protection instruments, radiation survey The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 1 O01 7-2394, USA Copyright O 1997 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 1997. Printe
6、d in the United States of America. ISBN 1-55937-980-4 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IH
7、S under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerne
8、d with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing
9、, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic reviews and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or with- drawn at any
10、 time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years fiom the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling
11、or writing the American National Standards Institute. Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or per- sonal use is granted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., pro- vided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To
12、 arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Ser- vice, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (508) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Cleara
13、nce Center. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-IEEE N32
14、3A-ENGL 1777 4805702 055b7q7 4bll m Introduction (This introduction is not part of ANSI N323A-1997, American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration, Portable Survey Instruments.) This standard is the responsibility of the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiati
15、on Instrumentation, N42. Committee N42 delegated the development of this standard to its subcommittee N42.RPI. Drafts were reviewed by Committee N42, Subcommittee N42.RP1, and other interested parties, and the comments received were utilized in producing the standard as finally approved. The standar
16、d was approved by N42 let- ter ballot on 21 May 1996. At the time it approved this standard, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42, had the following members: Louis Costrell, C h a i r Luigi Napoli, Administrative Secretary Organization Represented Name of Representati
17、ve American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists . Jesse Lieberman Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories . Joseph C. McDonald Health Physics Society George Campbell Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Louis Costrell Joseph R. Stencel (Alt.) Julian Foster (Alt.) Anthony J.
18、 Spurgin (Alt.) Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory . E d w d J. Lampo Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . Paul L. Phelps MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator Center Frank X. Masse Swinth Associates . Keeth L. Swinth US Department ofthe Army . ward Groeber US Department of Commerce, National Institute of Sta
19、ndards and Technology . Louis Costrell US Department of Energy . Gerald Goldstein US Federal Emergency Management Agency Carl R. Siebentritt Members-at-Large . Joseph C. Bellian Ernesto A. Corte Morgan Cox John M. Gallagher Jack M. Selby AI N. Tschaeche Edward J. Vallario Lee J. Wagner Sanford Wagne
20、r Michael P . Unterweger (Alt.) At the time this standard was approved, Subcommittee N42.RPI had the following members: Joseph G. Bellian Dale Fleming Morgan cox Jack M. Selby, Chair Michele L. Johnson R. L. Kathren Jimmy Little Carl R. Siebentritt AI N. Tschaeche Edward J. Vallario Copyright Q 1997
21、 IEEE. All rights resewed. . 111 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from I
22、HS -,-,- The working group for this standard had the following members: W. T. Bartlett Morgan Cox Leonard Earls Jack M. Selby, Chair Michele L. Johnson R. L. Kathren Ron Lavera D. M. Schaeffer Murari Sharma Kenneth L. Swinth Edward Walker The following persons were on the balloting committee that ap
23、proved this document for submission to the American National Standards Institute: Joseph G. Bellian George Campbell Ernesto A. Corte Louis Costrell Morgan Cox Julian Foster John M. Gallagher Gerald Goldstein Edward Groeber Edward J. Lampo Jesse Lieberman Frank X. Masse Joseph C. McDonald Paul L. Phe
24、lps Jack M. Selby Carl R. Siebentritt Anthony J. Spurgin Joseph R. Stencel Kenneth L. Swinth Al N. Tschaeche Michael P. Unterweger Edward J. Vallario Lee J. Wagner Sanford Wagner Adam Sicker IEEE Stadrds Project Editor Copyright 8 1997 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical
25、 and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Contents 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . scope 1 Definitions 2 Ge
26、neral requirements . 4 3.1 Operational characteristics . 5 3.2 Acceptance tests . 5 3.3 Performance tests . 6 3.4 Instrument maintenance . 7 3.5 Special-use conditions . 7 Inspection and calibration 7 4.1 Recalibration . 7 4.2 Calibration 8 4.3 Calibration for special conditions 11 4.4 Discriminatio
27、n against interfering radiations . 11 4.5 Calibration records . 12 4.6 Instrument information 12 4.7 Facility documentation . 12 4.8 Source response check . 13 4.9 Calibration frequency . 13 Calibration equipment required . 13 5.1 Calibration standards . 13 5.2 Calibration assemblies . 14 5.3 Mainte
28、nance of standards 14 5.4 Check sources 15 Calibration quality . 15 6.1 Calibration sources . 15 6.2 Calibration facility . 16 6.3 Other 16 Bibliography 16 Copyright Q 1997 IEEE . All rights reserved . V Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under lice
29、nse with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- S T D - I E E E N323A-ENGL 1997 m 4805702 055b750 T57 m American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation
30、Test and Calibration, Portable Survey Instruments l. Scope This standard establishes specific requirements for portable radiation protection instruments used for detec- tion and measurement of levels of ionizing radiation fields or levels of radioactive surface contamination. For purposes of this st
31、andard, portable radiation protection instruments are those battery-powered instru- ments that are carried to a specific facility or location for use. NOTE-These instruments are normally held during operation. Count rate meters and scalers, when used with an appropriate probe for quantifying activit
32、y, can be consid- ered portable radiation protection instruments and treated as a single unit for the purposes of this standard. Specific requirements for calibration of low-range i.e., near background to 10 pSvh (1 mrem/h)ll porta- ble survey instruments will be detailed in ANSI N323B (currently un
33、der development). Specific require- ments for all air monitoring instruments will be detailed in ANSI N323C (currently under development). Specific requirements for installed instruments that measure dose or dose equivalent, or dose rate or dose equivalent rate, and AC powered instruments used only
34、to detect the presence of radioactive material con- tamination will be detailed in ANSI N323D (currently under development). Radiation protection instrumentation provides direct readout of, or readout proportional to, dose or dose equivalent, dose rate or dose equivalent rate, or activity per unit a
35、rea (i.e., effective probe area). Included are portable rate and integrating devices for beta, photon, and neutron radiations; and monitors for surface con- tamination (alpha, beta, and photon). Portable radiation protection instruments intended for use in underwa- ter survey and monitoring are incl
36、uded in this standard. Personnel dosimeters (including electronic pocket dosimeters and hybrid pocket dosimeterddose equivalent rate meters) and environmental monitoring instru- ments, other than portable instruments used to measure radh or remh levels, are outside the scope of this standard. Radon
37、monitoring instruments are not within the scope of this standard. Since special-purpose SI units are used throughout this standard with conventional units shown in parenthesis. Copyright Q 1997 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provide
38、d by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 21:57:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI N323A-1997 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION instrumentation, such
39、 as emergency post-accident radiological monitors, may also fall under the scope of one or more related ANSI standards, this standard is intended to supplement rather than replace these stan- dards. For example, ANSI N42.17A-1989 B31 sets forth requirements for instrument performance. In gen- eral,
40、radiation protection instrumentation is considered to cover the dose and dose equivalent rate ranges for survey meters of 10 pGy/h to 10 Gylh (1 mrad/h to 1000 rad/h) and 10 pSvh to 10 Svlh (1 mremh to 1000 r e d ) , and activity-per-unit-area ranges for surface contamination monitors of 2 Bq/100 cm
41、2 to 20 O00 Bq/ 100 cm2 (120 dpm/lOO cm2 to 1.2 x lo6 dpd100 cm2). Throughout this standard, three verbs have been used to indicate the degree of rigor intended for each spe- cific criterion. The word shall is used to denote a requirement. The word should is used to denote a recom- mendation. The wo
42、rd may is used to denote a permissible practice. 2. Definitions Technical terminology used in this standard is generally consistent with the definitions in ANSI NI. 1 - 1976 Bl, and ICRU 33 B6. The following terms are defined specifically for use within this standard: 2.1 absorbed dose: Energy depos
43、ited per unit mass of the specified absorbing medium. 2.2 acceptance testing: Evaluation or measurement of performance characteristics to verify that certain stated specifications and contractual requirements are met. 2.3 accredited calibration laboratory: A calibration laboratory that has been accr
44、edited by an authoritative body (e.g., Health Physics Society, American Association of Physicists in Medicine, National Institute of Standards and Technology) with respect to its qualifications to perform calibrations on the type of instru- ments covered by this standard. 2.4 accuracy: The degree of
45、 agreement between the observed value and the conventionally true value of the quantity being measured. 2.5 adjust: To alter the response by means of a variable built-in control, such as a potentiometer or software. 2.6 calibrate: (A) To adjust or determine the response or reading of an instrument r
46、elative to a series of con- ventionally true values for radiation sources. (B) To determine the activity of a radiation source relative to a standard or conventionally true value. 2.7 check source: A radioactive source, not necessarily calibrated, that is used to confirm the continuing satisfactory
47、operation of an instrument. 2.8 coeffiGent of variation: The standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the mean i.e., (standard deviatiodx) . (loo). 2.9 contamination monitor: An assembly including one or several radiation detectors and associated assemblies designed to measure activity (alpha
48、, beta, photon, or alpha-beta) per unit surface area or activity of a localized source associated with the contamination of the examined object. 2.10 conventionally true value (CTV) of a quantity: The commonly accepted best estimate of the value of a quantity. This and the associated uncertainty will preferably be determined by a national or transfer stan- dard, by a reference instnunent that has been calibrated against a national or transfer standard, or by mea- surement quality assurance (MQA) with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), formerly the U.S