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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10972-4 First edition 2007-04-01 Reference number ISO 10972-4:2007(E) ISO 2007 Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 4: Jib cranes Appareils de levage charge suspendue Exigences pour les mcanismes Partie 4: Grues flche Copyright International Organization for Standardiza
2、tion Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) ii ISO 2007 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain
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5、ers were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise
6、specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright offi
7、ce Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not
8、for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
9、 The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
10、governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
11、2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a
12、 vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10972-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 8, Jib cran
13、es. ISO 10972 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cranes Requirements for mechanisms: Part 1: General Part 2: Mobile cranes Part 3: Tower cranes Part 4: Jib cranes Part 5: Bridge and gantry cranes The following part is under preparation: Part 2: Mobile cranes Copyright Internati
14、onal Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reserved Introduc
15、tion This part of ISO 10972 establishes requirements and gives guidance and design rules that reflect the present state of the art in the field of crane machine design. The rules given represent good design practice that when applied will ensure the fulfilment of essential safety requirements and ad
16、equate service life of components. Deviation from these rules may lead to increased risks or reduction of service life, but it is acknowledged that new technical innovations, materials, etc. can enable new solutions that result in equal or improved safety and durability. Copyright International Orga
17、nization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 10972-4:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserve
18、d 1 Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 4: Jib cranes 1Scope This part of ISO 10972 establishes the particular requirements relating to mechanisms for jib cranes as defined in ISO 4306-1. The general requirements for mechanisms for cranes are given in ISO 10972-1. These particular requirements c
19、oncern a)general layout and design of mechanisms, b)selection and/or design requirements of components, and c)instructions for manufacture, mounting, installation and testing. Rules for proof of competence calculation regarding different limit states (yield strength, fatigue, wear) are excluded from
20、 this part of ISO 10972. 2Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IS
21、O 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 10245-4, Cranes Limiting and indicating devices Part 4: Jib cranes ISO 10972-1, Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 1: General ISO 12210-4, Cranes Anchoring devices for in-service and out-of-service conditions Part 4: Jib cranes ISO 12488-4, Cranes
22、 Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks Part 4: Jib cranes IEC 60204-32, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4306-1 and the fo
23、llowing apply. 3.1 spooling manner in which a rope is coiled onto a drum Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted
24、 without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved 4Requirements 4.1General design and layout 4.1.1General The mechanisms shall meet the requirements of ISO 10972-1, as applicable. 4.1.2Rope driven jib hoist The layout of the jib and its supporting structures and rope
25、 drives shall be such that the luffing motion to increase the outreach is able to operate even in the maximum in-service head wind with the crane loaded or unloaded. 4.1.3Load control Limiting and indicating devices in accordance with ISO 10245-4 shall be incorporated as applicable. In cases where t
26、he malfunctioning of the rated capacity limiter would cause the loss of stability of the crane, the reliability of the system shall be ensured in one of the following ways: by duplication of the critical components of the load limiter and systems or by a back-up limiter; automatic checking of the fu
27、nctioning of the system; other fail safe device or mechanism; instructions to the user to arrange frequent regular checks of the system; the system shall be checked, in particular, each time the operation of the crane is switched from constant capacity (e.g. grab use) to outreach-dependant capacity
28、(e.g. hoisting by the hook and slings). 4.1.4Rope spooling control Where it is possible that a rope could incorrectly spool, a control system or other means for guarding the correct spooling of the rope onto the winding drum shall be provided. 4.1.5Overspeed control When the closure of a back-up bra
29、ke is actuated by a detected overspeed, the speed detector shall not be mounted on the shaft between the back up brake and the driving motor. 4.1.6Service brakes The service brake shall maintain its capability of stopping the motion despite heating, taking into account the following: the number of b
30、rake operations in a given period; the type of drive control; the kinetic energy of all rotating parts (e.g. motor, brake, coupling and gear); the kinetic energy of all moving masses (e.g. hoisted mass, structural masses); the difference of potential energy of the lowered masses during braking; dyna
31、mic load testing; any interruption of power or emergency stop of category 0 in accordance with IEC 60204-32. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo
32、reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 When the braking force is supplied by pre-stressed springs, the braking system shall continue to be capable of stopping the motion in the case of the breakage of any spring. This re
33、quirement can be fulfilled, for example, by a spring system of the compression types (helical or plate). The springs shall be secured at their ends and guided to avoid buckling and loss of broken spring parts. When helical springs are used, they shall be such that in the event of a wire breakage, th
34、e spring parts shall not screw in and the brake shall retain an effective pressure. Brake linings shall not contain asbestos. The properties and coefficient of friction shall be suitable for the purpose during normal operation under the effect of atmospheric conditions and temperature variations. It
35、 shall be possible to check the wear of the brake linings without the need to dismantle the unit, other than removing protective covers. It shall be possible to check the brake system, to readjust the brake and to renew the brake linings. The connection between the brake lining and the brake lining
36、carrier shall not become loosened unintentionally. In order to fulfil this requirement, bonding and riveting of brake linings shall be in accordance with national standards. 4.2Hoist mechanism 4.2.1Service brakes For hoisting motions, only power-released brakes shall be used, and the braking system
37、shall be such that in the case of loss or failure of the energy supply the brake shall arrest and sustain the load. Any time delay of the braking system shall be such that the braking effect shall safely arrest the load. 4.2.2Dual hoist grabbing mechanisms When dimensioning the load bearing and powe
38、ring components of each mechanism, the distribution of the load to each mechanism shall be taken into account. Frequent, continuous and transient load distribution cases, which are dependant upon the mechanical configuration and the control system, shall be considered. The brakes of each mechanism s
39、hall hold at least of the lowering torque of the total hoist load. The dual mechanism shall be such that each brake can be tested separately. 4.2.3Speed change gear Where speed change gears are used (e.g. separate speed change gear reducer or speed change gears built in the main gear enclosure) ther
40、e shall be a brake or mechanical locking means between the speed change gear and the rope, capable of holding the weight of the lifting attachments while the gear is switched from one speed to another. When the speed change is remote controlled, it shall be interactive with the load measuring system
41、. When the speed change is manual, instructions regarding braking, locking and permissible load shall be provided. When the speed change is made by moving a pair of gear wheels axially or by a coupling device, provision shall be made to prevent power engagement of the hoist motor in an intermediate
42、gear position. When the speed change is made by rotating clutches, the speed selection shall automatically set the permissible load of the mechanism. Switching to a higher speed while the mechanism is loaded over the permissible load of that speed shall be prevented. 125 % Copyright International Or
43、ganization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/08/2007 08:32:14 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-4:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved 4.3Luffing mecha
44、nism 4.3.1Brakes The luffing mechanism shall be equipped with a backup brake, if the moment of the jib, loaded and unloaded is not balanced within of the moment, and/or the height difference of the highest and the lowest point of the load path is more than of the length of the luffing range. The pri
45、mary or the backup brake shall be able to stop the jib lowering motion with any operational speed and permissible load. 4.3.2Protection from environment With screw-drive luffing mechanisms the screw shall be shielded from ingress of foreign particles, debris and weather elements. 4.3.3Traversing by
46、a crab The traverse drive mechanism and the slope of the jib shall be such that the position of the crab can be controlled. Where traversing takes place by the operator pushing or pulling the load, the force required to overcome friction and slope shall not exceed . No horizontal force shall be requ
47、ired to hold the position of the load. 4.4Slew mechanism 4.4.1Braking and parking When a hydraulic or mechanical brake is used, an interlocking system shall be provided to switch off simultaneous electrical braking. When the structure is required to be locked, the forces due to the torque from the s
48、lewing structure in the maximum out-of-service wind conditions shall be carried either by the brakes or by a mechanical locking device. However, the performance shall not rely upon the combination of the two. When a self-closing electrical parking brake is not provided with the mechanical or hydraulic brake, the actuator shall be mechanically locked while the driver locks the slewing by a pin or other positive locking device. 4.4.2Slew bearing The structural mounting support for the slew bea