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1、 Reference number ISO 15758:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15758 First edition 2004-10-01 Hygrothermal performance of building equipment and industrial installations Calculation of water vapour diffusion Cold pipe insulation systems Performance hygrothermique des quipements de btiments
2、et installations industrielles Calcul de la diffusion de vapeur deau Systmes disolation de tuyauteries froides Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo repr
3、oduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed t
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6、is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permiss
7、ion in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserve
8、d Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserve
9、d iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whi
10、ch a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all m
11、atters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are cir
12、culated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held respon
13、sible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15758 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (as EN 14114:2002) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track procedure”, by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment,
14、Subcommittee SC 2, Calculation methods, in parallel with its approval by the ISO member bodies. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or net
15、working permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved EN 14114:2002 (E) 2 ContentsPage Foreword3 Introduction4 1 Scope4 2 Normative references5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units5 4 Calculation equations7 5 Boundary conditions10 6 Calculation procedu
16、re10 Annex A (informative) Examples14 Annex B (informative) Experimental determination of the evaporation rate from the surface of a wet wick fabric16 Bibliography18 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/99
17、72545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v EN 14114:2002 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 10264-1:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance
18、 of buildings and building components“, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdra
19、wn at the latest by September 2002. The enquiry version was designated prEN ISO 15758. However, as a result of the enquiry, ISO decided to decouple from the Vienna Agreement; CEN and ISO will proceed to publication on their own. This standard is one of a series of standards which specify calculation
20、 methods for the design and evaluation of the thermal and moisture related performance properties of buildings and building components. The Annexes A and B are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to
21、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provi
22、ded by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA
23、 Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 EN 14114:2002 (E) 4 Introduction If the thermal insulation of a cold pipe system is not completely water va
24、pour tight, there will be a flow of water vapour from the warm environment to the surface of the pipe, whenever the temperature of the surface of the cold pipe is below the dew point of the ambient air. This flow of water vapour leads to an interstitial condensation in the insulation layer and/or de
25、w formation on the surface of the pipe itself. Interstitial condensation may cause the insulation material to deteriorate and dew formation on the surface of a metal pipe may cause corrosion over time. If the temperature is below 0 ?C ice will be formed and the methods of this standard will not appl
26、y. In periods where the dew point of the ambient air is higher than the temperature of the outer surface of the insulation surface condensation will occur. This is dealt with in EN ISO 12241. Different measures are available to control water vapour transfer and reduce the amount of condensation. The
27、 following are normally applied: a) Installation of a vapour retarder; b) Use of insulation materials with a high water vapour resistance factor (low permeability); c) Use of a vapour retarder and a capillary active fabric to continuously remove condensed water from the pipe surface to the environme
28、nt. Which protection measure is chosen depends on the ambient climate, the temperature of the medium in the pipe and the water vapour diffusion resistance of the insulation layer. The success of any system is strongly dependent on workmanship and maintenance. In any case anti-corrosion measures shou
29、ld be applied to a metal pipe in severe conditions. The expected economic lifetime of an insulation system, assuming a maximum acceptable accumulated moisture content, can be calculated using the methods in this standard. 1 Scope This standard specifies a method to calculate the density of water vap
30、our flow rate in cold pipe insulation systems, and the total amount of water diffused into the insulation over time. This calculation method presupposes that water vapour can only migrate into the insulation system by diffusion, with no contribution from airflow. It also assumes the use of homogeneo
31、us, isotropic insulation materials so that the water vapour partial pressure is constant at all points equidistant from the axis of the pipe. The standard is applicable when the temperature of the medium in the pipe is above 0 ?C. It applies to pipes inside buildings as well as in the open air. Copy
32、right International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved EN
33、 14114:2002 (E) 5 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendm
34、ents to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). ISO 9346Thermal insulation - Mass transfer - Physical qu
35、antities and definitions (ISO 9346:1987) ISO 12241Thermal insulation for building equipment and industrial installations - Calculation rules (ISO 12241:1998) ISO 12572Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of water vapour transmission properties (ISO 12572:2001)
36、ISO 13788Hygrothermal performance of building components and building elements - Internal surface temperature to avoid critical surface humidity and interstitial condensation Calculation methods (ISO 13788:2001) 3Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of thi
37、s standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9346, ISO 12572, ISO 13788 and the following apply. 3.1.1 exposed moist area surface area of a capillary active fabric that is exposed to the ambient atmosphere 3.1.2 vapour retarder material with high resistance to the flow of water vapour 3.1.3 co
38、rrected water vapour diffusion equivalent air layer thickness thickness of an imaginary plane layer with ? =1, and an area of ? Dj which has the same diffusion resistance as the layer j with ? = ?j NOTE See Equation (18). Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under
39、 license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 EN 14114:2002 (E) 6 3.2 Symbols and units SymbolQuantityUnit A?esurface area
40、 from which evaporation takes place per linear metre of the pipe m2/m Djoutside diameter of jth layer of an insulation systemm D0outside diameter of cold pipem G?total moisture uptake over a period per linear metre of pipekg/m Pactual atmospheric pressurePa P0standard atmospheric pressure = 101325Pa
41、 Rvgas constant for water vapour = 461,5J/(kg?K) Tthermodynamic temperatureK Z?Pwater vapour resistance of insulation system per linear metre of pipe m?s?Pa/kg Z?jwater vapour resistance of jth layer of an insulation system per linear metre of pipe m?s?Pa/kg Z?f1water vapour resistance of one thin f
42、oil, cladding or skin per linear metre of pipe. m?s?Pa/kg dthickness of an insulation layerm feevaporation factorkg/(m2?s?Pa) g?water vapour flow rate within the insulation per linear metre of pipe kg/(m?s) g?crate of condensation per linear metre of pipekg/(ms) g?eevaporation rate per linear metre
43、of pipekg/(m?s) hcconvection heat transfer coefficientW/(m2K) ppartial water vapour pressurePa papartial water vapour pressure of airPa psatsaturated water vapour pressurePa sdwater vapour diffusion equivalent air layer thicknessm sdfwater vapour diffusion equivalent air layer thickness of foilsm tp
44、eriod of calculation (month or year)month, year xdistancem ?water vapour permeabilitykg/(m?s?Pa) ?0water vapour permeability of airkg/(m?s?Pa) ?water vapour resistance factor- ?d,jcorrected water vapour diffusion equivalent air layer thickness of layer j m jd, ?total corrected water vapour diffusion
45、 equivalent air layer thickness from surface of cold pipe to the outside of layer j m ?0temperature of the medium in the pipe?C NOTE For practical reasons, hours or days are often used instead of seconds as time units. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under li
46、cense with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:09:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15758:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reserved EN 14114:2002 (E) 7 4 Calculation equations 4.1 General The density of water va
47、pour flow rate, g, through a material is calculated by the following equation: x p g d d ?(1) where ? is the water vapour permeability of the material. The total moisture uptake during a period, G, is given by: tgG t d 0 ? ?(2) In calculations the diffusion resistance factor, ?, is commonly used ins
48、tead of the permeability ? ? ? 0 ? (3) where ?0 is the water vapour permeability of still air, which can be calculated from: 81, 1 v 0 0 273 083, 0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? T PTR P ? (4) For approximate calculations, ?0 can be assumed to be constant in the temperature range under consideration; the following value can therefore be used: ?0 = 2,0 ? 10-10(5) 4.2 Homogeneous insulation In the case of a cold pipe with a single homogeneous layer of