《ISO-1762-2001.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ISO-1762-2001.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1762 Second edition 2001-12-01 Reference number ISO 1762:2001(E) ISO 2001 Paper, board and pulps Determination of residue (ash) on ignition at 525 C Papier, carton et ptes Dtermination du rsidu (cendres) aprs incinration 525 C ISO 1762:2001(E) ii ISO 2001 All rights reserv
2、ed PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this fil
3、e, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info re
4、lative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO
5、 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the
6、country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ISO 1762:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardizatio
7、n) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be rep
8、resented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards a
9、re drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
10、a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 1762 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, P
11、aper, board and pulps. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1762:1974). In this revision of the 1974 edition, the ignition temperature has been changed from 575 C to 525 C to minimize the decomposition of calcium carbonate. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 1762:2001(E) ISO 2001 A
12、ll rights reserved 1 Paper, board and pulps Determination of residue (ash) on ignition at 525 C 1Scope This International Standard describes the determination of the residue (ash) on ignition of paper, board and pulp at . It is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp samples. The ash may co
13、nsist of a)mineral matter in the pulp and various residues from chemicals used in its manufacture, b)metallic matter from piping and machinery, and c)fillers, pigments, coatings or residues from various additives. In samples containing calcium carbonate, there is practically no decomposition of carb
14、onate by ashing at . Other fillers and pigments such as clay and titanium dioxide are also unaffected by ashing at . Accordingly, the residue on ignition as determined by this International Standard provides a good estimate of the total inorganic matter in the sample, provided that the sample does n
15、ot contain other minerals which decompose at or below this temperature. For example, magnesium carbonate and calcium sulfate may, at least partly, decompose at temperatures below . 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, const
16、itute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edit
17、ions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 186:1), Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality ISO 287:1
18、985, Paper and board Determination of moisture content Oven-drying method ISO 638:1978, Pulps Determination of dry matter content ISO 7213:1981, Pulps Sampling for testing 3Term and definition For the purposes of this International Standard, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 residue on
19、ignition ash on ignition mass of the residue remaining after a sample of paper, board or pulp is ignited in a furnace at as specified in this International Standard 1)To be published. (Revision of ISO 186:1994) 525 C 525 C 525 C 525 C 525 C 25 C ISO 1762:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 4Princ
20、iple A test specimen is weighed in a heat-resistant crucible and ignited in a muffle furnace at . The moisture content of a separate test specimen is also measured. The percentage ash is then determined, on a moisture-free basis, from the weight of residue after ignition and the moisture content of
21、the sample. 5Apparatus 5.1Heat-resistant crucibles, made of platinum, porcelain, or silica, with a capacity of to . 5.2Muffle furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature of . It is recommended to place the furnace in a hood or to provide means for evacuating smoke and fumes. 5.3Analytical balance,
22、 accurate to . 5.4Desiccator. 6Sampling and preparation of sample If the analysis is being done to evaluate a lot, obtain a representative sample of paper, board or pulp as described in ISO 186 or ISO 7213, as relevant. Sufficient sample must be collected to allow for at least duplicate determinatio
23、ns and for determination of moisture content. Take a test specimen consisting of small pieces, not larger than , taken from various parts of the sample in such a manner as to be thoroughly representative of it. The total mass shall be at least moisture free and shall yield a weight of ash not less t
24、han and preferably over . See the note in clause 7. In a similar manner, obtain a moisture specimen from the sample. 7Procedure Carry out the procedure in duplicate. Air-dry the test and moisture specimens in the laboratory atmosphere until they reach equilibrium moisture. Determine the moisture con
25、tent on the moisture specimen as described in ISO 287 or ISO 638, as relevant. Weigh this specimen at the same time as the specimen used for ash determination. Heat the empty crucible (5.1) for to in the muffle furnace (5.2) at . Cool it to room temperature in a desiccator. Weigh the empty crucible
26、to the nearest . Add the test specimen and immediately weigh again. Place the crucible containing the test specimen in the furnace at room temperature and gradually raise the temperature to (about ) in order to burn the sample without it bursting into flames, and to ensure that no material is lost i
27、n the form of flying particles. Maintain the ignition temperature of for at least in the case of pulp and board samples and at least for paper samples. The specimen shall be completely charred as indicated by the absence of black particles. Remove the crucible from the furnace, and cool it to room t
28、emperature in a desiccator. Weigh the crucible and content to the nearest . NOTEIf the sample has a very low residue on ignition (for example in the case of so-called ashless grades), it may be necessary to use several portions of the sample which are then ignited consecutively in the same crucible,
29、 in order to obtain a total residue of at least . 525 C 25 C 50 ml100 ml 525 C 25 C 0,1 mg 1 cm2 1 g10 mg20 mg 30 min60 min525 C 25 C 0,1 mg 525 C 200 C/h 525 C 2 h3 h 0,1 mg 10 mg ISO 1762:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 8Calculation Calculate the percentage residue on ignition as follows: w
30、here is the residue on ignition, as a percentage of the mass of the oven-dry sample; is the mass, in grams, of the residue (mass of crucible with residue, minus that of the empty crucible); is the mass, in grams, of the sample, on an oven-dry basis. This is determined from the average of the duplica
31、te moisture content determinations. Report the mean of duplicate determinations to the nearest for samples with residue on ignition above , and to the nearest for samples with residue below . 9Precision 9.1Repeatability In a study performed by one laboratory, the residue on ignition of a wide range
32、of samples, including pulp, newsprint, uncoated paper, coated paper and paperboard was determined as specified in this International Standard. Mean values and coefficients of variations for each type of sample are shown in Table 1. 9.2Reproducibility Five samples, representing different types of pap
33、er and paperboard, were analysed by 15 laboratories, as specified in this International Standard. Mean values and coefficients of variations between laboratories are shown in Table 2. Table 1 Sample Number of determinationa Mean value Coefficient of variation Chemical and mechanical pulp60,711,4 New
34、sprint33,500,29 Uncoated printing paper529,40,10 Coated printing paper1337,30,24 Paperboard33,062,6 a Different samples were used for each type of material. Table 2 Sample Mean valueCoefficient of variation between laboratories Copy papera9,331,95 Coated paper 1a32,02,41 Coated paper 2a25,61,99 Pape
35、rboard 11,431,96 Paperboard 2a0,554,02 a For each of these four samples, the results are based on those of 14 laboratories. X = 100mr ms X mr ms 0,1 %1 % 0,01 %1 % % % ISO 1762:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 10Test report The test report shall include the following information: a)a reference
36、 to this International Standard; b)date and place of testing; c)complete identification of the sample tested; d)the result, expressed as indicated in clause 8; e)any departure from the procedure described in this International Standard or any other circumstances which may have affected the result. ISO 1762:2001(E) ICS 85.040 Price based on 4 pages ISO 2001 All rights reserved