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1、 Reference number ISO 3170:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3170 Third edition 2004-02-01 Petroleum liquids Manual sampling Produits ptroliers liquides chantillonnage manuel Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employ
2、ees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed
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5、 use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
6、electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyright
7、iso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking p
8、ermitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Principles.6 5 Apparatus.7 5.1 General.7 5.2 Tank samplers.8 5.3 Drum and can samplers .22 5.4 Pipeline sam
9、plers24 5.5 Sample receivers, vessels and containers.25 5.6 Container closures27 5.7 Sample coolers27 6 Safety precautions27 7 Procedures for homogeneous petroleum liquids27 7.1 Introduction .27 7.2 Precautions28 7.3 Tank sampling.30 7.4 Pipeline sampling36 7.5 Dispenser (nozzle) sampling40 8 Proced
10、ures for crude oils and other non-homogeneous petroleum liquids41 8.1 General.41 8.2 Procedures 41 9 Sample handling .43 9.1 General.43 9.2 Homogenization of samples 43 9.3 Verification of mixing efficiency45 9.4 Transfer of samples47 10 Sampling of tank residues/deposits .47 11 Package sampling.47
11、11.1 Statistical aspects of sampling packages47 11.2 Procedures for sampling packages 49 Annex A (informative) Guidance on safety precautions.52 Bibliography .55 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wi
12、ng, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO memb
13、er bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, government
14、al and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Direct
15、ives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodie
16、s casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3170 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubr
17、icants, Subcommittee SC 3, Static petroleum measurement. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 3170:1988), which has been technically revised. The principal technical changes include the addition of procedures for tank sampling under restricted and closed system conditions,
18、 and procedures for the taking of manual spot samples from pipelines containing high vapour pressure liquids. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo
19、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Introduction This International Standard may be applied in combination with ISO 3171. The purpose of this International Standard is to standardize conditions for obtaining a sample of
20、 liquid/semi- liquid hydrocarbons from a tank, drum or pipeline by manual means. If the hydrocarbon to be sampled is of non-homogeneous character showing significant variations in composition or containing sediments and water, samples taken manually should not be expected to be representative, but m
21、ay enable the degree of non- homogeneity to be assessed and estimates of quality and quantity to be made. Procedures are specified which minimize or eliminate losses of light ends from samples. Such losses can occur during handling or transfer of samples, thereby making them non-representative of th
22、e bulk. The procedures specified are intended to provide samples for the following purposes: a) the determination of the liquid/hydrocarbon quality; b) the determination of the water content; c) the determination of other contaminants that are not considered to be part of the liquid transferred. If
23、the sampling conditions for purposes a), b) and c) are in conflict, separate samples are required. Sampling procedures for tank contents that are not homogeneous are specified that enable the degree of non- homogeneity to be assessed and estimates of quality and quantity to be made. Procedures for t
24、he tank sampling of liquid hydrocarbons under inert gas pressure are included, together with techniques for sampling from tanks which are equipped with vapour emission control systems. It is recognized that, in many countries, some or all of the items covered by this International Standard are the s
25、ubject of mandatory regulations imposed by the laws of those countries. In cases of conflict between such mandatory regulations and this International Standard, the former prevail. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/
26、1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Res
27、ale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3170:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Petroleum liquids Manual sampling 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the manual methods to be used for obtaining sample
28、s of liquid or semi- liquid hydrocarbons, tank residues and deposits from fixed tanks, railcars, road vehicles, ships and barges, drums and cans, or from liquids being pumped in pipelines. It applies to the sampling of petroleum products, crude oils and intermediate products, which are stored in tan
29、ks at or near atmospheric pressure, or transferred by pipelines, and are handled as liquids at temperatures from near ambient up to 200 C. The sampling procedures specified are not intended for the sampling of special petroleum products which are the subject of other International Standards, such as
30、 electrical insulating oils (IEC 60475), liquefied petroleum gases (ISO 4257), liquefied natural gases (ISO 8943) and gaseous natural gases (ISO 10715). This International Standard refers to existing methods of sampling and the type of equipment presently in use. It is, however, not intended that it
31、 should exclude the use of new equipment not yet developed for commercial use, provided that such equipment enables samples to be obtained in accordance with the requirements and procedures of this International Standard. NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, the term “% (m/m)” is us
32、ed to represent the mass fraction. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
33、applies. ISO 1998 (all parts), Petroleum industry Terminology ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection ISO 3171:1988, Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling 3 Terms and definiti
34、ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998 and the following apply. 3.1 acceptable quality level AQL maximum per cent defective (or the maximum number of defects per hundred units) that, for purposes of sampling inspection, can be considered satisfactory as a
35、process average Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) 2 ISO 20
36、04 All rights reserved 3.2 all-level sample sample obtained with an apparatus which accumulates the sample while passing in one direction only through the total liquid height, excluding any free water 3.3 automatic sampler device used to extract a representative sample from the liquid flowing in a p
37、ipe NOTE The automatic sampler generally consists of a probe, a sample extractor, an associated controller, a flow measuring device, and a sample receiver. 3.4 batch collection of packages containing a product of a single type and composition and of a single manufactured lot, or of a single delivery
38、 3.5 bottom sample spot sample taken from the product at or close to the bottom of a tank or container See Figure 1. 3.6 bottom water sample spot sample of free water taken from beneath the petroleum in a tank 3.7 closed sampling process of taking samples within a tank under closed conditions, which
39、 does not permit the release of any tank contents or vapour to the atmosphere 3.8 composite sample sample obtained by combining a number of spot samples in defined proportions so as to obtain a sample representative of the bulk of the product 3.9 dipper sample sample obtained by placing a dipper or
40、other collecting vessel in the path of a free-flowing stream to collect a definite volume from the full cross-section of the stream at regular time intervals for a constant time rate of flow, or at time intervals varied in proportion to the flow rate NOTE This method is normally restricted to sampli
41、ng petroleum coke from conveyor belts. 3.10 drain sample sample obtained from the water draw-off valve on a storage tank NOTE Occasionally, a drain sample may be the same as a bottom sample, for example, in the case of a tank car. 3.11 floating roof sample spot sample taken just below the surface to
42、 determine the density of the liquid on which the roof is floating 3.12 grease sample spot sample obtained by scooping or dipping a quantity of soft or semi-liquid material from a container Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS E
43、mployees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 03:29:59 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 3170:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 3.13 integrity of the sample condition of being complete and unaltered, i.e. the sample being preserved
44、 with the same composition as when it was taken from the bulk of the liquid 3.14 lower sample spot sample taken at a level of five-sixths of the depth of liquid below the top surface See Figure 1. 3.15 middle sample spot sample taken at a level of one-half of the depth of liquid below the top surfac
45、e See Figure 1. 3.16 mixer device which provides a homogeneous mixture of the liquid within a pipeline or container in order to obtain a representative sample 3.17 open sampling process of taking traditional samples within a tank via an open gauge hatch or gauging access point NOTE If the tank ullag
46、e space is pressurized, it will normally be necessary to use other (closed or restricted) procedures to avoid de-pressurizing the tank and the consequent loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). 3.18 per cent defective one hundred times the number of defective units of product contained in any giv
47、en quantity of units of product divided by the total number of units of product inspected, i.e.: number of defectives per cent defective =100 number of units inspected 3.19 portable sampling device PSD housing designed to provide a gas-tight connection to a vapour-lock valve, which contains a restri
48、cted or closed system sampler and is fitted with a tape or cable winding mechanism for lowering and retrieving the sampler 3.20 representative sample sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled 3.21 residues and deposits organic and inorganic matter, together with any water dispersed within it, which has separated from the liquid and either fallen to the bottom of the tank containing the