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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17123-4 First edition 2001-12-01 Reference number ISO 17123-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 Corrected version 2002-04-15 Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 4: Electro-optical distance meters (EDM instruments) Optique et i
2、nstruments doptique Mthodes dessai sur site des instruments godsiques et dobservation Partie 4: Tlmtres lectro-optiques (instruments MED) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/
3、19/2007 21:56:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17123-4:2001(E) ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be
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6、 bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mech
7、anical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso
8、.ch Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 21:56:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17123-4:2001(E)
9、ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii Contents Page 1Scope . 1 2Normative references . 1 3Terms and definitions 2 4General . 2 5Simplified test procedure 3 6Full test procedure 5 Annexes AExample of the simplified test procedure 10 A.1Configuration of the test field 10 A.2Measurements 11 BExample of the
10、full test procedure 12 B.1Configuration of the test line . 12 B.2Measurements 12 B.3Calculation 13 B.4Statistical tests 14 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 21:56:2
11、2 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17123-4:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Internat
12、ional Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with I
13、SO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standard
14、s adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 17123 may be the
15、subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 17123-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172, Optics and optical instruments, Subcommittee SC 6, Geodetic and surveying instruments. This first edition of I
16、SO 17123-4 cancels and replaces ISO 8322-8:1992 and ISO 12857-3:1997, which have been technically revised. ISO 17123 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments: Part 1: Theory Part 2: Levels
17、Part 3: Theodolites Part 4: Electro-optical distance meters (EDM instruments) Part 5: Electronic tacheometers Part 6: Rotating lasers Part 7: Optical plumbing instruments Annexes A and B of this part of ISO 17123 are for information only. This corrected version of ISO 17123-4:2001 incorporates a cor
18、rection in the Foreword: ISO 8322-9:1993 has been deleted from the list of documents cancelled and replaced by this part of ISO 17123. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/
19、2007 21:56:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 17123-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1 Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 4: Electro-optical distance meters (EDM
20、 instruments) 1Scope This part of ISO 17123 specifies field procedures to be adopted when determining and evaluating the precision (repeatability) of electro-optical distance meters (EDM instruments) and their ancillary equipment when used in building and surveying measurements. Primarily, these tes
21、ts are intended to be field verifications of the suitability of a particular instrument for the immediate task at hand and to satisfy the requirements of other standards. They are not proposed as tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature. This part of ISO
22、17123 can be thought of as one of the first steps in the process of evaluating the uncertainty of a measurement (more specifically a measurand). The uncertainty of a result of a measurement is dependent on a number of factors. These include among others: repeatability (precision), reproducibility (b
23、etween day repeatability), traceability (an unbroken chain to national standards) and a thorough assessment of all possible error sources, as prescribed by the ISO Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM). These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applica
24、tions without the need for special ancillary equipment and are purposefully designed to minimize atmospheric influences. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 17123. For dated refere
25、nces, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 17123 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated reference
26、s, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3534-1, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 1: Probability and general statistical terms ISO 4463-1, Measurement methods for building Sett
27、ing-out and measurement Part 1: Planning and organization, measuring procedures, acceptance criteria ISO 7077, Measuring methods for building General principles and procedures for the verification of dimensional compliance ISO 7078, Building construction Procedures for setting out, measurement and s
28、urveying Vocabulary and guidance notes ISO 9849, Optics and optical instruments Geodetic and surveying instruments Vocabulary ISO 17123-1, Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 1: Theory GUM, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in meas
29、urement VIM, International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 21:56:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted
30、without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 17123-4:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 17123, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3534-1, ISO 4463-1, ISO 7077, ISO 7078, ISO 9849, ISO 17123-1, GUM and VIM apply. 4General 4.1Requirements Befor
31、e commencing surveying, it is important that the operator investigates that the precision in use of the measuring equipment is appropriate to the intended measuring task. The EDM instrument and its ancillary equipment shall be in known and acceptable states of permanent adjustment according to the m
32、ethods specified in the manufacturers handbook, and used with tripods, forced centring equipment and reflectors as recommended by the manufacturer. The results of these tests are influenced by meteorological conditions. These conditions will include variations in air temperature and air pressure. Ac
33、tual meteorological data shall be measured in order to derive atmospheric corrections which must be added to the raw distances. The particular conditions to be taken into account may vary depending on where the tasks are to be undertaken. These conditions shall include variations in air temperature,
34、 wind speed, cloud cover and visibility. Note should also be taken of the actual weather conditions at the time of measurement and the type of surface above which the measurements are made. The conditions chosen for the tests should match those expected when the intended measuring task is actually c
35、arried out (see ISO 7077 and ISO 7078). Tests performed in laboratories would provide results which are almost unaffected by atmospheric influences, but the costs for such tests are very high, and therefore they are not practicable for most users. In addition, laboratory tests yield precisions much
36、higher than those that can be obtained under field conditions. This part of ISO 17123 describes two different field procedures as given in clauses 5 and 6. The operator shall choose the procedure which is most relevant to the projects particular requirements. 4.2Procedure 1: Simplified test procedur
37、e The simplified test procedure provides an estimate as to whether the precision of a given EDM equipment is within the specified permitted deviation according to ISO 4463-1. The simplified test procedure is based on a limited number of measurements. Therefore, a significant standard deviation canno
38、t be obtained. If a more precise assessment of the EDM instrument under field conditions is required, it is recommended to adopt the more rigorous full test procedure as given in clause 6. This test procedure relies on having a test field with distances which are accepted as true values. If such a t
39、est field is not available, it is necessary to determine the unknown distances, using an EDM instrument of higher precision than that required for the measuring task or using the EDM instrument to be tested immediately after having it calibrated according to the full test procedure as given in claus
40、e 6. 4.3Procedure 2: Full test procedure The full test procedure shall be adopted to determine the best achievable measure of precision of a particular EDM instrument and its ancilliary equipment under field conditions. The full test procedure is based on measurements of distances in all combination
41、s on a test line without nominal values. The experimental standard deviation of a single distance measurement is determined from a least squares adjustment of the distances in all combinations. Scale errors of an EDM instrument cannot be detected by this procedure. But scale errors do not have any i
42、nfluence either on the experimental standard deviation, , or on thes Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 21:56:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without l
43、icense from IHS -,-,- ISO 17123-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 zero-point correction, . In order to determine the stability of the scale, the measuring frequency of the EDM instrument should be checked by means of a frequency meter. The test procedure given in clause 6 of this part of ISO
44、17123 is intended for determining the measure of precision in use of a particular EDM instrument. This measure of precision in use is expressed in terms of the experimental standard deviation, , of a single measured distance: Further, this procedure may be used to determine: the measure of precision
45、 in use of EDM instruments by a single survey team with a single instrument and its ancillary equipment at a given time; the measure of precision in use of a single instrument over time; the measure of precision in use of each of several EDM instruments in order to enable a comparison of their respe
46、ctive achievable precisions to be obtained under similar field conditions. Statistical tests should be applied to determine whether the experimental standard deviation, , obtained belongs to the population of the instrumentations theoretical standard deviation , whether two tested samples belong to
47、the same population and whether the zero-point correction, , is equal to zero or equal to a predetermined value, (see 6.4). 5Simplified test procedure 5.1Configuration of the test field The test field shall consist of one permanently marked instrument station and four permanently mounted reflectors
48、at typical distances for the usual working range of the particular EDM instrument (e.g. from to ). If permanent mounting of the reflectors is not possible, then the ground points of the reflector stations should be indelibly marked. The reference lengths of the four distances shall be determined as described in 4.2, using an EDM instrument of adequate precision. In order to set up the test field, each distance shall be measured at least three times and the mean value shall be calculated (see Figure 1). These mean values s