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1、a! INTERNATIONAL STANDARD .43$710 / 111 (II J a! INTERNATIONAL ORGANlZATlON FOR STANDARDIZATION .MEXflYHAPOflHAJI OPrAHCI3AUHR n0 CTAHiJAPTH3ALViH.ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALlSATlON Graphical symbols for use on detailed maps, plans and geological cross-sections - Part I II : Representation
2、 of magmatic rocks Symboles graphiques 2 utiliser sur les cartes, /es plans et les coupes gkologiques de taillks - Partie ill : Reprtkentation des roches magmatiques First edition - 1974-09-15 iz 2 UDC 526.89 : 003.62 Ref. No. IS0 710/111-1974 (E) = B Descriptors : geology, maps, drawings, transvers
3、e sections, igneous rocks, symbols, graphical symbols. PI 0 2? Price based on 6 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking pe
4、rmitted without license from IHS -,-,- FOREWORD IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (IS0 Member Bodies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through IS0 Technical Committees. Every Member Body i
5、nterested in a subject for which a Technical Committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that Committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the Technical Committees
6、 are circulated to the Member Bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. Prior to 1972, the results of the work of the Technical Committees were published as IS0 Recommendations; these documents are now in the process of being transformed into Internat
7、ional Standards. As part of this process, Technical Committee ISO/TC 82 has reviewed IS0 Recommendation R 71O/lll and found it suitable for transformation. International Standard IS0 710/l II therefore replaces IS0 Recommendation R 71O/lll-1970. IS0 Recommendation R 71O/lll was approved by the Membe
8、r Bodies of the following countries : Australia Belgium Czechoslovakia Egypt, Arab Rep. of France Germany Greece India Iran Israel Italy Netherlands Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom U.S.S.R. The Member Bodies of the following countries expressed disapproval of the Recommendation on technical groun
9、ds : Chile Hungary Ireland* New Zealand* South Africa, Rep. of* The Member Body of the following country disapproved the transformation of ISO/R 71O/lll into an International Standard : Poland Other documents in this series on graphical symbols for use on detailed maps, plans and geological cross-se
10、ctions include : Part I : General rules of representation. Part I I : Representation of sedimentary rocks. Part IV : Representation of metamorphic rocks. (In preparation.) Part V : Representation of minerals. (In preparation.) * Subsequently, these Member Bodies approved the Recommendation. 0 Intern
11、ational Organization for Standardization, 1974 l Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
12、t license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 710/111-1974 (El Graphical symbols for use on detailed maps, plans and geological cross-sections - Part I II : Representation of magmatic rocks 1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This International Standard provides a series of symbols and ornaments
13、for the representation of magmatic rocks on detailed maps, especially large-scale maps, plans and geological cross-sections. The symbols may be divided in two groups : 1) main types; 2) varia. They are reproduced in two tables which, being derived from a logical system, may be completed easily in ca
14、se of need. 2.1.3 Column 3 is reserved for volcanic rocks. The subdivision corresponds to that of the plutonic rocks. 2.2 Individual symbols A distinction in the grain size of rocks can be shown by the smaller or greater size of the individual symbols, for example, the difference between coarse-grai
15、ned syenite and fine-grained syenite can be indicated by the difference in size of the same symbol (see figures 1 and 2). l-l * FIGURE 1 - Coarse-grained syenite FIGURE 2 - Fine-grained syenite 2 MAIN TYPES 2.1 Principles of representation (see table 1) The table of the main types comprises plutonic
16、 and volcanic rocks. 2.1.1 In the first column are given the plutonic rocks subdivided into eight groups, essentially according to their silica content. For each of the groups 1 to 6 two basic symbols are indicated beside column 1, under the letters a and b, while only one basic symbol is assigned t
17、o each of groups 7 and 8. Two basic symbols have been kept for the first six groups to allow, where it seems desirable, on the same sheet, the representation of rocks of similar petro- graphic composition but of different age, for example. When a more detailed subdivision of the main types is requir
18、ed, the symbols assigned to various groups are slightly modified (see column 2 for groups 3, 4, 6 and 7). If the differentiation is to be taken still further, suitable additional symbols are to be used. 2.1.2 The dyke rocks which correspond to plutonic rocks are to be represented by the same symbols
19、 as the plutonic rocks. Special symbols for those dyke rocks are unnecessary; it is sufficient to put the respective plutonic rock symbols between the two lines which delimit the dyke. Sill rocks are represented in the same way. To indicate porphyritic texture the ordinary symbol is replaced at inte
20、rvals by a larger symbol (see figure 3). FIGURE 3 - Porphyritic granite or granite porphyry 2.2.1 Plutonic and volcanic rocks The symbols representing plutonic rocks are derived from a cross (+) or a letter “Y (see figure 4). /= + /j ; y / FIGURE 4 - Plutonic rocks The symbols representing volcanic
21、rocks are derived from a right angle placed on its point (v) (see figure 5). FIGURE 5 -Volcanic rocks These basic symbols are varied in the same way according to the silica content of the rocks (see table 1). 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license wi
22、th ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 710/111-1974 (E) TABLE 1 - Main types PLUTONIC ROCKS VOLCANIC ROCKS 1 a b 2 a b 3 Rock group Group More differentiated Symbol rock t
23、ypes SpllbOl Rock types Symbol 1 I Alkali-granite - - / I I Alkali-rhyolite / 2 Very acidgranite -I- , ./ Leucorhyolite . Normal granite +Y Rhyolite (Liparite) v 3 Granite +Y1 2 Granodiorite -+Y Dacite d 3 Quartz-diorite +y Quartz-andesite v 4 Syenite +y I Alkali-syenite = = ; Alkali trachyte 2 Syen
24、ite iY Trachyte v +Y3 Monzonite +=Y Latite w 5 Diorite Andesite v 5 Gabbro +y Gabbro +Y 2 Norite +Y Basalt v 3 Anorthosite Y 1 Nepheline-syenite Y Phonolite v 7 Feldspathoidal plutonic rocks Y 2 Essexite/Theralite Y Tephrite / 3 Ijolite Y Feldspathoidal basalt v 8 Ultrabasic rock #= Picrite Picrite-
25、basalt v Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0710/111-1974 (E) 2.2.2 Alkaline roc
26、ks In the symbols for alkaline rocks, with the exception of feldspathoidal rocks, an open space is always left at the ooint of intersection of the lines. pJ : :I FIGURE 6 -Alkali granite www FIGURE 7 -Alkali trachyte 2.2.3 Very acid rocks To indicate the very acid character of a rock, a point is pla
27、ced at the centre of the symbol, the lines being interrupted around the point of intersection. This point indicates the high content of quartz. Figure 8 is an example. FIGURE 8 - Highly acid granite 2.2.4 Feldspa thoidal rocks The symbols are always asymmetrical, as, for example, in figure 9. www El
28、 ww FIGURE 9 - Phonolite 3 VARIA 2.2.5 Basic and ultrabasic rocks With increasing basicity, the lines are thickened so that the darker appearance of the rock is reflected in the symbol. The ratio of the width of thin and thick lines shall be 1 : 3. FIGURE 10 -Granite FIGURE 11 - Diorite FIGURE 12 -
29、Gabbro The various types of ultrabasic rocks can be represented by the greater or lesser length of lines in relation to the black square, for example ml-q FIGURE 13 - Ultrabasites 2.2.6 Paleo-volcanic and neo-volcanic rocks Where it seems desirable to distinguish paleo-volcanic rocks from neo-volcan
30、ic rocks, the symbol for the former is underlined (see figures 14 and 15). FIGURE 14 -Silicious porphyrite (ancient) FIGURE 15 - Dacite (recent) 3.1 Principles of representation (see table 2) Table 2 “Varia” is a complement to table 1 “Main types” (see clause 2). It contains symbols for magmatic roc
31、ks which are hardly suitable for the system used in the case of main types. The table is subdivided into four different groups containing : a) symbols for tuffs; b) symbols for lavas and volcanic glasses; c) symbols for dyke rocks; d) symbols for miscellaneous volcanic rocks. 3 Copyright Internation
32、al Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 710/111-1974 W TABLE 2 - Varia TUFFS 101 Unconsolidated tuff 102
33、 Tuffite (volcanic ash) (consolidated) -v-w 103 105 Crystal tuff 104 Volcanic breccia (unconsolidated) (unconsolidated) Ignimbrite 106 LAVAS AND VOLCANIC GLASSES 201 .Pumiceous Lava 203 Perlite DYKE ROCKS 301 303 Pegmatite Lamprophyre Quartz vein Carbonatite MISCELLANEOUS VOLCANIC ROCKS 401 Quartz-k
34、eratophyre 402 Keratophyre 403 Diabase 404 Spilitic volcanic rocks 4 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without l
35、icense from IHS -,-,- IS0 710/111-1974 (El 3.2 Groups of varia To represent tuff or tuffite with blocks, symbols are added for volcanic admixtures. 3.2.1 Tuffs The group of tuffs is indicated by ornaments Nos. 101 to 105. -v El u” FIGURE 24 - Block tuff (unconsolidated) 3.2.1.1 TUFF (No. 101) The ba
36、sic symbols for tuff are arranged differently in the ornament in accordance with the texture of the rock : irregularly for unconsolidated tuff (see figure 161, in rows for stratified tuff (see figure 17) and in alternating rows for consolidated tuff (see figure 18). FIGURE 25 - Block tuffite (consol
37、idated) 3.2.1.3 CRYSTAL TUFF (No. 103) The ornament for crystal tuff is a combination of the symbols for tuff and feldspar. If the porphyritic crystal component is not feldspar, the symbol for feldspar may be replaced by that of the appropriate mineral. FIGURE 16 - Unconsolidatedtuff 3.2.1.4 VOLCANI
38、C BRECCIA (No. 104) The ornament for volcanic breccia is composed from the basic symbols for tuff and detritus. FIGURE 17 -Stratified tuff 3.2.1.5 IGNIMBRITE (No. 105) For ignimbrite, which can be regarded as a tuff in the wider sense of the word, a symbol in the form of a double arc open upwards ha
39、s been reserved. uww l-l WV FIGURE 18 -Consolidated tuff To distinguish between acid and basic tuffs, the symbol is printed lightly or boldly (see figures 19 and 20). 3.2.2 Lavas and volcanic glasses The group of lavas and volcanic glasses is indicated by ornaments Nos. 201 to 204. I “Y “w FIGURE 19
40、 -Acid tuff 3.2.2.1 PUMICEOUS LAVA (No. 201) The symbol proposed for pumiceous lava, in the form of a figure 8 placed horizontally, has been chosen to recall the bubbles in the lava. rl “Y “Y FIGURE 20 - Basic tuff 3.2.2.2 OBSIDIAN, PERLITE, PUMICE (Nos. 202 to 204) When the associated volcanic rock
41、 is discernible, the rock symbol is inserted here and there (see figure 21). The symbols for obsidian, perlite and pumice are composed of two .elements of identical form combined together differently. ww” l-l v” w FIGURE 21 - Dacitictuff (unconsolidated) 3.2.3 Dyke rocks The group of dyke rocks is i
42、ndicated by ornaments Nos. 301 to 304. 3.2.1.2 TUFFITE (No. 102) In those cases where the sand component predominates in a tuffite, a larger number of points representing sand is inserted in the symbol, and when clay predominates, the number of dashes representing clay is increased (see figures 22 a
43、nd 23). 3.2.3.1 PEGMATITE (No. 301) To distinguish between acid and basic pegmatites, the basicity is indicated by the greater thickness of the symbol (see figures 26 and 27). / r r FIGURE 22 - Sandy tuffite (unconsolidated) FIGURE 26 - Acid pegmatite v-u- / -v*- I rs l FIGURE 23 - Argillaceous (mud
44、dy) tuffite (consolidated) FIGURE 27 - Basic pegmatite 5 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
45、IHS -,-,- IS0 710/11 l-1974 (E) 3.2.3.2 LAMPROPHYRE (No.302) The symbol for lamprophyre is derived from a cross. Because of the basicity of the rock it is printed heavily. In the representation of narrow dykes, the basic symbols are staggered, as shown in figure 28. FIGURE 28 - Lamprophyre dyke 3.2.
46、3.3 QUARTZ VEIN (No. 303) To represent a quartz vein, the wedge symbols for quartz are placed in opposition and left. blank to convey the acidity of the rock. 3.2.3.4 CARBONATITE (No. 304) The symbol for carbonatites is composed of a small square which represents limestone and a cross which recalls
47、the magmatic origin. 3.2.4 Miscellaneous volcanic rocks This group of rocks is indicated by ornaments Nos. 401 to 404. To characterize these volcanic rocks, a horizontal dash is added to the normal volcanic rock symbol. If one of these rocks occurs in dyke form, a vertical line can be added to the h
48、orizontal line (see figure 29). FIGURE 29 - Diabase dyke 6 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 02:34:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-