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1、NFPA 88A Standard for Parking Structures 2007 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA DOCUMENTS NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA DOCUMENTS NFPA codes, sta
2、ndards, recommended practices, and guides, of which the document contained herein is one, are de- veloped through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to a
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19、 Standards Council) in writing of such use. For technical assis- tance and questions concerning adoption of NFPA documents, contact NFPA at the address below. For Further Information All questions or other communications relating to NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides and all re
20、quests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standards development process, including information on the procedures for requesting Formal Interpretations, for proposing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing revisions to NFPA documents during regular revision cycles, sh
21、ould be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Secretary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101. For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. -,-,- Copyright 2006 National Fire Protection Association. All
22、Rights Reserved. NFPA 88A Standard for Parking Structures 2007 Edition This edition of NFPA88A, Standard for Parking Structures, was prepared by the Technical Com- mitteeonGaragesandParkingStructures.ItwasissuedbytheStandardsCouncilonJuly28,2006, with an effective date ofAugust 17, 2006, and superse
23、des all previous editions. ThiseditionofNFPA88AwasapprovedasanAmericanNationalStandardonAugust17,2006. Origin and Development of NFPA 88A Work on fire protection safeguards for garages was initiated by the NFPA in 1927 with the appointment of a committee. After extensive deliberations and the public
24、ation of successive drafts, a standard was adopted in 1932. Subsequently, the committee was discharged when it appeared that no further activity was needed in this field. In 1952, the present committee was created.This committee prepared a number of redrafts of the 1932 text, and in 1957 a revised N
25、FPA 88, Standard for Garages, was adopted. Revisions were made in 1962, 1968, 1979, 1985, 1995, and 1998. In order to treat separately the occupancies of repair garages and parking structures, NFPA 88A and NFPA 88B, Standard for Repair Garages, were published separately in 1973. In 1991, partial rev
26、isions were made to this standard, and the 1995 edition contained editorial changes. The 1998 edition contained definitions clarifying the various configura- tions of parking structures. It also contained changes increasing the area of office space related to the parking structure and further clarif
27、ied the requirements for vertical opening protection and automatic sprinkler installation.That edition also included new requirements for natural gas powered vehicles. The2002editioncontainedprimarilyeditorialrevisionsforcompliancewiththeManualof Style for NFPA Technical Committee Documents, and lis
28、ted metric units of measurement as the primary units. Inthe2007edition,theCommitteehasrewrittenthedefinitionofOpenParkingStructure to comply with the Manual of Style for NFPA Technical Committee Documents and moved the requirements to a new 4.7.1. The NFPA 220 definition of Noncombustible Material h
29、as been adopted in place of the one used in the previous edition. Definitions have been added to recognize the emergence of mechanical parking structures where cars are moved to parking places by lifts or other devices instead of being driven. No specific requirements have been added, although they
30、might be necessary in the next edition. Lastly, the committee has clarified the use of vehicle ramps in 4.4.3 and 4.4.4. 88A1 -,-,- Technical Committee on Garages and Parking Structures Thomas J. Forsythe, Chair Hughes Associates, Inc., CA SE Michael Carsillo,West Palm Beach Fire Rescue, FL E Daniel
31、 A. Dahl,HESM nor does it approve or evalu- ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the author- ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of such standar
32、ds, said authority may require evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdic- tion may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an organization that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate
33、 standards for the current production of listed items A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). The phrase “au- thority having jurisdiction,” or its acronym AHJ, is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions and approvalagenciesvary,asdotheirresponsibilities.Wherepub- lic safet
34、y is primary, the authority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or indi- vidual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire preven- tion bureau, labor department, or health department; build- ing official; electrical inspector; or others having st
35、atutory authority.Forinsurancepurposes,aninsuranceinspectionde- partment, rating bureau, or other insurance company repre- sentative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdictio
36、n; at government installations, the commanding officer or depart- mental official may be the authority having jurisdiction. A.3.2.4 Listed. The means for identifying listed equipment may vary for each organization concerned with product evalu- ation; some organizations do not recognize equipment as
37、listed unless it is also labeled. The authority having jurisdic- tion should utilize the system employed by the listing organi- zation to identify a listed product. A.3.3.2 Parking Structure. Aparking structure is permitted to be enclosed or open, use ramps, and use mechanical control push-button-ty
38、pe elevators to transfer vehicles from one floor to another. Motor vehicles are permitted to be parked by the driver or an attendant or are permitted to be parked mechani- cally by automatic facilities. Where mechanical type parking is provided, the operator of those facilities is permitted either t
39、o remain at the entry level or to travel to another level. Motor fuel is permitted to be dispensed, and motor vehicles are per- mitted to be serviced in a parking structure in accordance with NFPA 30A. 88A7ANNEX A 2007 Edition -,-,- A.4.1.1Building codes generally contain provisions limiting the hei
40、ghts and areas of parking structures of various types of construction. A.4.1.4 See NFPA 220. A.4.3.1.2Asphalt pavement applied over earth substrates is an acceptable method of surfacing. A.4.4.5Exit travel distance is measured in accordance with NFPA101 and includes the distance measured along the p
41、lane of the tread nosings in open stairs. A.5.3.2 Thisventilationrequirementisalsointendedtoaddress vehicles that use natural gas compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG).Anatural gas leak should pose no greater risk than leaks of conventional motor fuels. A.6.5Parking structures
42、that are not within the protection area of an organized public fire department should have a fire brigadethatisorganized,equipped,anddrilledinaccordance with NFPA 600. Annex BInformational References B.1 Referenced Publications. The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced w
43、ithin the informa- tional sections of this standard and are not part of the require- ments of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons. B.1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire ProtectionAssociation, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA02169-7471. NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispen
44、sing Facilities and Repair Garages, 2003 edition. NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, 2006 edition. NFPA 220, Standard on Types of Building Construction, 2006 edition. NFPA 600, Standard on Industrial Fire Brigades, 2005 edition. B.1.2 Other Publications. (Reserved) B.2 Informational References. (Reserved)
45、B.3 ReferencesforExtractsinInformationalSections. (Reserved) 88A8PARKING STRUCTURES 2007 Edition Index Copyright 2006 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved. The copyright in this index is separate and distinct from the copyright in the document that it indexes.The licensing provi
46、sions set forth for the document are not applicable to this index. This index may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the express written permission of NFPA. -A- Approved (definition) . 3.2.1 Authority having jurisdiction (definition) . 3.2.2 -B- Basement and underground parki
47、ng structures Construction . 4.1.2 to 4.1.4 Means of egress . 4.4.4 Sprinkler systems 6.1.4 Standpipe systems . 6.4.1 -C- Construction Chap. 4 -D- Definitions Chap. 3 Dispensing equipment, flammable liquid . 5.4.2 Doors, fire 4.5.1 Drains . 4.3.2 Ducts 4.5.2 -E- Electrical equipment and wiring 5.1 E
48、mployees, fire instruction for 6.5, A.6.5 Enclosed parking structures see Parking structures Equivalency to standard . 1.4 Exterior walls, openings in 4.7.4(2) -F- Fire alarm systems . 6.3 Fire brigades . A.6.5 Fire detection systems 4.6.4, 6.2 Fire doors . 4.5.1 Fire protection Chap. 6 Fire walls a
49、nd partitions, openings in 4.5 Flammable or combustible liquids, storage and handling of 5.1.2, 5.4 Floors . 4.3, 5.5.6, A.4.3.1.2 Fuels, storage and handling of 5.1.2, 5.4 -H- Hazards Chap. 5 Heating 5.2 Height and area of structures 4.7.3 Housekeeping 5.5 -I- Internal subdivisions . 4.2 -L- Labeled (definition) . 3.2.3 Lighting . 5.1 Liquefied petroleum gas, storage and handling of . 5.4 Listed (definition) . 3.2.4 Lockers, employee . 5.5.3 Lubricants,