1、InternationalStandardISO12101Firstedition2025-06IndustrialvalvesMeasurement,testandqualificationproceduresforfugitiveemissions一ClassificationsystemandqualificationproceduresfortypetestingofstemsealsforvalvesRobinetterieindustrielleMesuragefessaisetmodesoperatoiresdequalificationpouremissionsfugitive
2、sSystemedeclassificationetmodesoperatoiresdequalificationpourlesessaisdetypedesdispositifsd,etancheitedelatigedesappareilsderobinetterieReferencenumberISO12101:2025(en)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTISO2025Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,orrequiredinthecontextofitsimplementation,nopartofthispu
3、blicationmaybereproducedorutilizedotherwiseinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,orpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanberequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbeloworISO,smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.ISOcopyrightofficeCP401Ch.d
4、eBlandonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone:+41227490111Email:copyrightiso.orgWebsite:www.iso.orgPublishedinSwitzerlandContentsPageForewordivIntroductionv1 Scope12 Normativereferences13 Termsanddefinitions14 Typetest24.1 Testfacility24.2 Stemsealtype34.2.1 General34.2.2 Adjustablesealing(compression)34.2
5、3 Non-adjustablesealingstacks:springandpressureenergizedseals44.2.4 Non-adjustablesealing:elastomers54.3 Testfixtures64.3.1 General64.3.2 Preparationofavalvestemsealtobetested64.3.3 Testfluid64.3.4 Testtemperature74.3.5 Leakagemeasurement84.4 Testprocedures94.4.1 Safetyrules94.4.2 Testequipment94.4
6、3 Stemsealadjustment94.4.4 Testdescription105 Performanceclasses125.1 Classificationcriteria125.2 Tightnessclasses135.2.1 Definition135.2.2 Heliumastestfluid135.2.3 Methaneastestfluid135.2.4 Correlations135.3 Enduranceclasses145.3.1 Mechanical-cycleclassessimulatingisolatingvalvesstemsealing145.3.2
7、 Mechanical-cycleclassesforcontrolvalvestemsealing155.3.3 Stemmovement165.4 Temperaturerange165.5 Stemsealperformanceclassdesignation176 Testreport177 Extensionofqualificationtountestedstemseals20AnnexA(informative)Testfixtureconstructionsexample21Bibliography24ForewordISO(theInternationalOrganizati
8、onforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmemberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Int
9、ernationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,inliaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.Theproceduresusedtodevelopthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenancearedescr
10、ibedintheISO/IECDirectives,Part1.Inparticular,thedifferentapprovalcriterianeededforthedifferenttypesofISOdocumentshouldbenoted.ThisdocumentwasdraftedinaccordancewiththeeditorialrulesoftheISO/IECDirectives,Part2(seeWWW.iso.org/directives).ISOdrawsattentiontothepossibilitythattheimplementationofthisdo
11、cumentmayinvolvetheuseof（八）patent(三).ISOtakesnopositionconcerningtheevidence,validityorapplicabilityofanyclaimedpatentrightsinrespectthereof.Asofthedateofpublicationofthisdocument,ISOhadnotreceivednoticeof（八）patent(三)whichmayberequiredtoimplementthisdocument.However,implementersarecautionedthatthism
12、aynotrepresentthelatestinformation,whichmaybeobtainedfromthepatentdatabaseavailableatWWW.iso.org/patents.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anytradenameusedinthisdocumentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotconstituteanendorsement.Foranexplanationofthev
13、oluntarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsandexpressionsrelatedtoconformityassessment,aswellasinformationaboutISOsadherencetotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTo)principlesintheTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT),seewww.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmLThisdocumentwaspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC153,Val
14、ves.Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody.Acompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.org/members.html.IntroductionTheobjectiveofthisdocumentistoestablishtestmethodstoevaluatetheperformanceofdifferentdesignsandconstructionsofstemsealingforvalvesinor
15、dertoreducefugitiveemissions.Theresultsfromthetestingprovideameansofclassificationandqualificationundervarioustestconditions.ThisclassificationwillhelpvalvemanufacturerstochooseasuitablestemsealsystemtoallowvalvetestinginaccordancewithISO15848-1.Theproceduresofthisdocumentcanonlybeusedwiththeapplica
16、tionofnecessaryprecautionsfortestingwithflammableorinertgasattemperatureandunderpressure.IndustrialvalvesMeasurement,testandqualificationproceduresforfugitiveemissionsClassificationsystemandqualificationproceduresfortypetestingofstemsealsforvalves1 ScopeThisdocumentcoversthetypetestingofvalvestemsea
17、lsusingatestfixturethatisdesignedandfullydefinedtoberepresentativeoftheperformanceofavalveusingsimilargeometry.Thisdocumentisapplicabletostemsealsformulti-turn,linearandquarterturnvalves.Itisintendedtoprovidecomparativetypetestresultsconfirmingtheperformanceofsealmanufacturers/stemsealdesigns.Thisdo
18、cumentisnotintendedtoreplacetypetestingofcompletevalveassembliesorvalveproductiontesting.CompliancewiththisdocumentisnotintendedtobeamandatoryqualificationtesttobecompletedforastemsealdesignpriortotestingavalvetotherequirementsofISO15848-1.Compressiblesealswithandwithoutliveloading,elastomersandpres
19、sureenergizedsealsareinthescopeofthisdocument.Corrosiontestsarenotincludedinthisdocument.2 NormativereferencesThefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thela
20、testeditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.ISO15848-1:2015,IndustrialvalvesMeasurement,testandqualificationproceduresforfugitiveemissionsPart1:Classificationsystemandqualificationproceduresfortypetestingofvalves3 TermsanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefin
21、itionsgiveninISO15848-1andthefollowingapply.ISOandIECmaintainterminologydatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses:ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableathttps:WWW.iso.org/obp一IECElectropedia:availableathttps:WWW.electropedia.org/3.1liveloadingapplicationofaloadtotheglandfollowerofadjusta
22、blecompressionstemsealsusingastoredenergydevicesuchasaspring3.2quarter-turnstemQTtestfixturedesignedtosimulatemovementofavalvetothefullyopenorclosepositionwithapproximately90orotationofthestem3.3non-rotatingrisingstemNRRStestfixturedesignedtosimulatevalvestemmovementinanaxialdirection,withnorotation
23、3.4rotatingnon-risingstemRNRStestfixturedesignedtosimulateavalveinwhichthestemmovementconsistsofoneormultiplerotationsbutwithnomovementofthesteminanaxialdirection3.5rotatingrisingstemRRStestfixturedesignedtosimulateavalveinwhichthemovementofthestemisinanaxialdirection,withrotation3.6sealhousingmetal
24、liccomponent(三)containingnon-adjustableelastomer,springandpressureenergizedsealstack(3.7)3.7sealstackseveralindividualsealingelements,atleastoneofwhichisenergizedbyaspringorelastomer,whichcanhavedifferentprofilesarrangedinadefinedsequencetoformanon-adjustablespringandpressureenergizedstemsealassembl
25、y3.8stemmovementstroke/angleforstrokingthestem3.9testfixtureteststandpackingglandand/orsealhousingconstructedasafixturedesignedtosimulateatypicalvalve3.10temperaturerangeminimumandmaximumtemperaturesatwhichastemsealistestedtoassessitsperformance,behaviour,suitabilityandtightness3.11fullratedtravelof
26、stemmaximumstroke/anglemovementofthestemtoopenandclosethefixtureinwhichthesealhasbeentestedNote1toentry:Fullratedtravelisdefinedastwotimesthestroke.4Typetest4.1 TestfacilityThetestsshallbecarriedoutatthemanufacturingfacilitiesoratanexternalfacility.However,asinglesetofminimumrequirementsshallbeestab
27、lishedforbothfacilities.Theserequirementscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto: demonstrationofthecapabilitytoperformrequiredtests,inspections,analysisandexaminations,intermsofbothpersonnelqualificationandequipmentavailability;一aqualitymanagementsystem; ahealth,safetyandenvironmentmanagementsystem; familiar
28、itywithpressureandleakagetestingstandards,aswellasthereportingofthetestresults(inappropriateformats).4.2 Stemsealtype4.2.1 GeneralCompressionpackingisawidelyusedstemsealtypeinindustrialvalves.Butasignificantnumberofindustrialvalvesusesstemsealdesignsotherthancompressionpacking,e.g.partturnrotaryvalv
29、es,highpressureglobevalves.Manyindustrialvalveapplicationswherefugitiveemissionsarecriticalusepressureenergisedsealsystems(e.g.elastomers,pressureenergisedlipseals),duetothehighsealingperformanceandlowmaintenancerequirementsofthesedesigns.Astandardizedorspeciallymanufacturedtestfixtureshallbeusedtot
30、eststemsealsbyperformingtestsattheexperimentalconditionsspecifiedbythisdocument.Ifthecapabilityofthetestfixturedoesnotmeetthespecifiedtestconditions,onlytemperatureandpressureconditionscoveredbythetestfixtureperformanceshallbetested.4.2.2 Adjustablesealing(compression)4.2.2.1 DescriptionMadefromrela
31、tivelysoft,pliantmaterials,compressionormechanicalpackingsconsistofanumberofrings,whichareinsertedintotheannularspace(stuffingbox)betweentherotatingorreciprocatingstemandthebodyorbonnetofavalve.Bytighteningafollowerorpackingglandagainstthetoporendring,pressureistransmittedtothepackingset.Thisexpands
32、theringsradiallyagainstthesideofthestuffingboxandthereciprocatingorrotatingstemcreatinganeffectiveseal.Adjustablecompressionpackingsealingdesignscanincludeliveloadedtypeswherethefollowerwillcontinuetoloadthepackinginordertocompensateforpackingcompressionlossbythermalcycling,friction,extrusion,creep,
33、relaxation,consolidationetc.asthevalveoperates.Theseliveloadedcompressionsealdesignsapplytheloadtothepackingbyusingastoredenergydevicesuchasaspring.Compressionpackingsealsorglandsealsareusedtosealavarietyof11uidsunderarangeofconditions.Theyareusedtohelpcontainwater,acids,solvents,gases,oilandotherch
34、emicalsthataresubjectedtovarioustemperaturesandpressures.4.2.2.2 SpecificationandmaterialsThemostcommontypeofcompressionpackingisbraidedcompressionpacking.Thistypeofpackingistypicallyinstalledbycuttingringsoftherequiredsizefromropepacking,orusingpre-formedrings,insertingthemintoastuffingboxandtighte
35、ningthemtoachievetherightdensity.However,alternativeinstallationprocessesmayalsobeused.Dependingontheservice,constructionmaterialscanbeasdiverseasplantsoranimalderivatives,mineralfibresorsyntheticplastics,andevenmetal.Typicalmaterialsforcompressiblepackinginclude,butarenotlimitedto一PTFE(polytetra11u
36、oroethylene)graphitePTFEaramide/PTFEaramidebraidedorpre-formedgraphiteAcombinationofdifferentpackingmaterialsisallowed.Whenthestemsealingmaterialormaterialmanufacturerischanged,manufacturinglocation,orthereisachangeinthemethodofmanufactureofthesealingorstemsealassembly,anentirelynewtypetestisrequire
37、d.AnexampletestfixtureisgiveninAnneXA.4.2.3 Non-adjustablesealingstacks:springandpressureenergizedseals4.2.3.1 DescriptionNon-adjustablespringandpressureenergizedsealstacksareusedtosealavarietyoffluidsunderarangeofconditions.Theyareusedtohelpcontainwater,acids,solvents,gases,oilandotherchemicalsthat
38、aresubjectedtovarioustemperaturesandpressures.Theyareoftenusedinemissioncriticalorhigh-pressurestemsealing,particularlywhenconsistentsealingperformance,overlargenumbersofoperatingcyclesandwithoutroutinemaintenanceadjustments,isrequired.Non-adjustablespringandpressureenergizedsealingstacksaredesigned
39、tofunctionasacompletepressureenergizedsealassembly.Thespring-loadedsealingelementsensureeffectivelow-pressuresealingperformancewhilstallelementscombinetoprovidehigherpressuresealingcapabilitybyutilisingtheinternalfluidpressureactingonthestacktogeneratethenecessarysealingloads.Pressureenergizedsealso
40、fthistypedonotrequireadjustmentinserviceasthepressuregeneratedsealingloadactingonthestackcompensatesfortheeffectsofsealwearduringthelifetimeoftheseal.Onceinstalledintheassembly,springorpressureenergisedsealsrequirenofurtheradjustmenttooperate.4.2.3.2 SpecificationandmaterialsTherearemanydifferentdes
41、ignsofsealstacksintendedforawidevarietyofapplications.Thevariousseparateelementsofthesealstackcanhavedifferentsurfaceprofilesandcrosssectionsintendedtoensureeffectivesealingperformancewithoutexcessivedeformation,extrusionorcreepovertheratedpressureandtemperaturerange.Severaldifferentmaterialscanbeus
42、edwithinasinglesealstack,e.g.acombinationoffilledandunfilledpolymersandelastomers.Theperformanceofthesealstackissensitivetothesurfacefinish,geometryandgeometrictolerancesofthesealhousingcomponentsaswellasthestem.Usersshallthereforefollowthesealmanufacturersspecifiedgeometry,surfaceroughnessrequireme
43、ntsandinstallationinstructions.Examplesoftypicalmaterialsfornon-adjustablesealinginclude,butarenotlimitedto:PTFE一PTFEcarbonglass/aramidemixes FKM(fluororubberhavingsubstituentfluoro,perfluoroalkyborperfluoroalkoxygroupsonthepolymerchain) NBR(acrylonitrile-butadienerubber) HNBR(hydrogenatednitrile-bu
44、tadienerubber) XNBR(carboxylic-acrylonitrile-butadienerubber) FEP(fluorinatedethylenepropylene) FVMQ(11uorosiliconerubber) ACM(acrylicrubber) PEEK(polyetheretherketone)Acombinationofdifferentmetallicandnon-metallicmaterialswithinthesealstackisallowed.Whenthereisachangeinthesealstackmaterials,grade,c
45、omponent(三)7materialmanufacturerormanufacturinglocation,orthereisachangeinthedesignofthesealhousing,anentirelynewtypetestisrequired.Machiningmethodsforthesealhousingandstemalongwiththerequirementsofsurfacefinishes,includingtheprocessusedtoachievethem,shallbespecified.AnexampletestfixtureisgiveninAnn
46、eXA.4.2.4 Non-adjustablesealing:elastomers4.2.4.1 DescriptionNon-adjustableelastomericstemsealsareatypeofpressureenergizedsealusedforavarietyoffluidsunderarangeofconditions.Theyarecapableofsealingwater,acids,solvents,gases,oilandotherchemicalsthatarecompatiblewiththeelastomericmaterial.Non-adjustabl
47、eelastomericsealsdifferfromthesealsdescribedin423becausetheydonotcontainametallicspringandrelysolelyontheresilientpropertiesoftheelastomertoachieveapressureenergizedseal.Theyareoftenusedinpartturnsealingapplicationsforisolatingvalvesatpressureandtemperatureconditionsappropriatetotheoperatinglimitsof
48、theelastomermaterialsutilized.Theyofferconsistentpressureenergisedsealingperformancewithouttheneedforroutinemaintenanceadjustments.Elastomericsealsarecontainedwithinthesealhousingorgrooveusingthecompressiveassemblyloadstogenerateaninitialfluidtightnessbetweenthesealelementsandthestemandsealhousing.Afurtherpressureenergisedsealingloadisgeneratedbytheeffectsofinternalfluidpressureactingonthesealandsupplementingthei
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